The three scales of submarine groundwater flow and discharge across passive continental margins

Journal of Geology

Volumn 118, Issue 5, 2010, Pages 565-575

  Bratton, John F ^a  

^a U S GEOLOGICAL SURVEY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CONTINENTAL MARGIN; CONTINENTAL SHELF; GLACIOEUSTACY; GROUNDWATER FLOW; PASSIVE MARGIN; UNCONFINED AQUIFER;

EID: 77956052979     PISSN: 00221376     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1086/655114     Document Type: Article

References (81)

1. 18O content of the glacial deep ocean. Science 298:1769-1773.
2. Barlow, P. M. 2003. Ground water in freshwater-saltwater environments of the Atlantic coast. U.S. Geol. Surv. Circ. 1262, http://water.usgs.gov/pubs/ circ/2003/circ1262/.
3. Boehm, A. B.; Shellenbarger, G. G.; and Paytan, A. 2004. Groundwater discharge: a potential association with fecal indicator bacteria in the surf zone. Environ. Sci. Technol. 38:3558-3566.
4. Bratton, J. F. 2007. The importance of shallow confining units to submarine groundwater flow. In Sanford, W.; Langevin, C.; Polemio, M.; and Povinec, P., eds. A new focus on groundwater-seawater interactions. IAHS Publ. 312:28-36.
5. Bratton, J. F.; Böhlke, J. K.; Krantz, D. E.; and Tobias, C. R. 2009. Flow and geochemistry of groundwater beneath a back-barrier lagoon: the subterranean estuary at Chincoteague Bay, Maryland, USA. Mar. Chem. 113:78-92.
6. Bratton, J. F.; Böhlke, J. K.; Manheim, F. M.; and Krantz, D. E. 2004. Submarine ground water in Delmarva Peninsula coastal bays: ages and nutrients. Ground Water 42:1021-1034.
7. Burnett, W. 1999. Offshore springs and seeps are focus of working group. EOS: Trans. Am. Geophys. Union 80: 13-15.
8. Burnett, W. C.; Aggarwal, P. K.; Aureli, A.; Bokuniewicz, H.; Cable, J. E.; Charette, M. A.; Kontar, E., et al. 2006. Quantifying submarine groundwater discharge in the coastal zone via multiple methods. Sci. Total Environ. 367:498-543.
9. Burnett, W. C.; Bokuniewicz, H.; Huettel, M.; Moore, W. S.; and Taniguchi, M. 2003. Groundwater and pore water inputs to the coastal zone. Biogeochemistry 66: 3-33.
10. Burnett, W. C.; Kim, G.; and Lane-Smith, D. 2001. A continuous radon monitor for assessment of radon in coastal ocean waters. J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. 249: 167-172.
11. Burnett, W. C.; Santos, I. R.; Weinstein, Y.; Swarzenski, P. W.; and Herut, B. 2007. Remaining uncertainties in the use of Rn-222 as a quantitative tracer of submarine groundwater discharge. In Sanford, W.; Langevin, C.; Polemio, M.; and Povinec, P., eds. A new focus on groundwater-seawater interactions. IAHS Publ. 312: 109-118.
12. Cable, J. E.; Burnett, W. C.; Chanton, J. P.; and Weatherly, L. G. 1996. Estimating groundwater discharge into the northeastern Gulf of Mexico using radon-222. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 144:591-604.
13. 2 storage site: the Utsira Sand, Sleipner, northern North Sea. Energy 29:1371-1381.
14. Charette, M. A. 2007. Hydrologic forcing of submarine groundwater discharge: insight from a seasonal study of radium isotopes in a groundwater-dominated salt marsh estuary. Limnol. Oceanogr. 52:230-239.
15. Charette, M. A.; Sholkovitz, E. R.; and Hansel, C. 2005. Trace element cycling in a subterranean estuary. I. Geochemistry of the permeable sediments. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 69:2095-2109.
16. Colbourne, E. B., and Hay, A. E. 1990. An acoustic remote sensing and submersible study of an Arctic submarine spring plume. J. Geophys. Res. 95:13,219-13,234.
17. Crusius, J.; Koopmans, D.; Bratton, J.; Charette, M.; Kroeger, K.; Henderson, P.; Ryckman, L.; Halloran, K.; and Colman, J. 2005. Submarine groundwater discharge to a small estuary estimated from radon and salinity measurements and a box model. Biogeosciences 2: 141-157.
18. Culter, J. K. 2006. Exploration of the West Florida Shelf blue holes: investigation of physical and biological characteristics and archaeological implications of unique karst features. American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2006, abstract OS34A-08.
19. Dale, R. K., and Miller, D. C. 2008. Hydrologic interactions of infaunal polychaetes and intertidal ground-water discharge. Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser. 363:205-215.
20. Dugan, B., and Flemings, P. B. 2000. Overpressure and fluid flow in the New Jersey Continental Slope: implications for slope failure and cold seeps. Science 289: 288-291.
21. -. 2002. Fluid flow and stability of the U.S. continental slope offshore New Jersey from the Pleistocene to the present. Geofluids 2:137-146.
22. Edmunds, W. M. 2001. Palaeowaters in European coastal aquifers: the goals and main conclusions of the PALAEAUX Project. In Edmunds, W. M., and Milne, C. J., eds. Palaeowaters in coastal Europe: evolution of groundwater since the Late Pleistocene. Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ. 189:1-16.
23. Flemings, P. B.; Long, H.; Dugan, B.; Germaine, J.; John, C.; Behrmann, J. H.; Sawyer, D.; and IODP Expedition 308 Scientists. 2008. Pore fluid overpressure measured with penetrometers on the continental slope, Gulf of Mexico. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 269:309-324.
24. Fleury, P.; Bakalowicz, M.; and de Marsily, G. 2007. Submarine springs and coastal karst aquifers: a review. J. Hydrol. 339:79-92.
25. Foyle, A. M.; Henry, V. J.; and Alexander, C. R. 2002. Mapping the threat of seawater intrusion in a regional coastal aquifer-aquitard system in the southeastern United States. Environ. Geol. 43:151-159.
26. Gagan, M. K.; Ayliffe, L. K.; Opdyke, B. N.; Hopley, D.; Scott-Gagan, H.; and Cowley, J. 2002. Coral oxygen isotope evidence for recent groundwater fluxes to the Australian Great Barrier Reef. Geophys. Res. Lett. 29: 1982, doi:10.1029/2002GL015336.
27. Giblin, A. E., and Gaines, A. G. 1990. Nitrogen dynamics in a marine embayment: the importance of ground-water. Biogeochemistry 10:309-328.
28. Green, A. N.; Goff, J. A.; and Uken, R. 2007. Geomorphological evidence for upslope canyon-forming processes on the northern KwaZulu-Natal shelf, SW Indian Ocean, South Africa. Geo-Mar. Lett. 27:399-409.
29. Harrar, W. G.; Williams, A. T.; Barker, J. A.; and van Camp, M. 2001. Modelling scenarios for the emplacement of palaeowaters in aquifer systems. In Edmunds, W. M., and Milne, C. J., eds. Palaeowaters in coastal Europe: evolution of groundwater since the Late Pleistocene. Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ. 189:213-229.
30. Hathaway, J. C.; Poag, C. W.; Valentine, P. C.; Miller, R. E.; Schultz, D. M.; Manheim, F. T.; Kohout, F. A.; Bothner, M. H.; and Sangrey, D. A. 1979. U.S. Geological Survey core drilling on the Atlantic shelf. Science 206: 515-527.
31. Hughes, J. D.; Vacher, H. L.; and Sanford, W. E. 2007. Three-dimensional flow in the Florida platform: theoretical analysis of Kohout convection at its type locality. Geology 35:663-666.
32. -. 2009. Temporal response of hydraulic head, temperature, and chloride concentrations to sea-level changes, Floridan aquifer system, USA. Hydrogeol. J. doi:10.1007/s10040-008-0412-0.
33. Hunt, C. D., Jr. 2007. Ground-water nutrient flux to coastal waters and numerical simulation of waste-water injection at Kihei, Maui, Hawaii. U.S. Geol. Surv. Sci. Investig. Rep. 2006-5283, 69 p.
34. Johannes, R. E. 1980. The ecological significance of the submarine discharge of groundwater. Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser. 3:365-373.
35. Johnson, D. W. 1939. The origin of submarine canyons: a critical review of hypotheses. New York, Columbia University Press, 126 p.
36. Kazemi, G. A. 2008. Editor's message: submarine ground-water discharge studies and the absence of hydrogeologists. Hydrogeol. J. 16:201-204.
37. Kohout, F. A. 1966. Submarine springs: a neglected phenomenon of coastal hydrology. Hydrology 26:391-413.
38. -. 1967. Ground-water flow and the geothermal regime of the Floridian Plateau. Trans. Gulf Coast Assoc. Geol. Soc. 17:339-354.
39. Kohout, F. A.; Meisler, H.; Meyer, F. W.; Johnston, R. H.; Leve, G. W.; and Wait, R. L. 1988. Hydrogeology of the Atlantic continental margin. In Sheridan, R. E., and Grow, J. A., eds. Geology of North America, vol. I-2. Boulder, CO, Geological Society of America, p. 463-480.
40. Krest, J. M.; Moore W. S.; Gardner, L. R.; and Morris, J. 2000. Marsh nutrient export supplied by groundwater discharge: evidence from Ra measurements. Glob. Biogeochem. Cycles 14:167-176.
41. Kroeger, K. D., and Charette, M. A. 2008. Nitrogen biogeochemistry of submarine groundwater discharge. Limnol. Oceanogr. 53:1025-1039.
42. Levin, L. 2005. Ecology of cold seep sediments: interactions of fauna with flow, chemistry and microbes. Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Annu. Rev. 43:1-46.
43. Li, H.; Boufadel, M. C.; and Weaver, J. W. 2008. Tideinduced seawater-groundwater circulation in shallow beach aquifers. J. Hydrol. 352:211-224.
44. Li, H.; Li, G.; Cheng, J.; and Boufadel, M. C. 2007. Tideinduced head fluctuations in a confined aquifer with sediment covering its outlet at the sea floor. Water Resour. Res. 43:W03404, doi:10.1029/2005WR004724.
45. Maliva, R. G.; Guo, W.; and Missimer, T. M. 2007. Vertical migration of municipal wastewater in deep injection well systems, South Florida, USA. Hydrogeol. J. 15:1387-1396.
46. Manheim, F. T.; Krantz, D. E.; and Bratton, J. F. 2004. Studying ground water beneath Delmarva coastal bays using electrical resistivity. Ground Water 42:1052-1068.
47. McAuley, S. D.; Barringer, J. L.; Paulachok, G. N.; Clark, J. S.; and Zapecza, O. S. 2001. Ground-water flow and quality in the Atlantic City 800-foot sand, New Jersey. N. J. Geol. Surv. Rep. GSR 41, 86 p.
48. McCoy, C. A., and Corbett, D. R. 2009. Review of submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) in coastal zones of the Southeast and Gulf Coast regions of the United States with management implications. J. Environ. Manag. 90:644-651.
49. McGowan, K. T., and Martin, J. B. 2007. Chemical composition of mangrove-generated brines in Bishop Harbor, Florida: interactions with submarine ground-water discharge. Mar. Chem. 104:58-68.
50. Meisler, H.; Leahy, P. P.; and Knobel, L. L. 1984. Effect of eustatic sea-level changes on saltwater-freshwater relations in the North Atlantic Coastal Plain. U.S. Geol. Surv. Water Suppl. Pap. 2255, 28 p.
51. Michael, H. A.; Mulligan, A. E.; and Harvey, C. F. 2005. Seasonal oscillations in water exchange between aquifers and the coastal ocean. Nature 436:1145-1148.
52. 226Ra enrichments. Nature 380: 612-614.
53. -. 1999. The subterranean estuary: a reaction zone of ground water and sea water. Mar. Chem. 65:111-125.
54. -. 2010. The effect of submarine groundwater discharge on the ocean. Annu. Rev. Mar. Sci. 2:59-88.
55. 228Ra distribution in the upper Atlantic Ocean. Nature Geosci. 1:309-311.
56. Mulligan, A. E., and Charette, M. A. 2006. Intercomparison of submarine groundwater discharge estimates from a sandy unconfined aquifer. J. Hydrol. 327:411-425.
57. Orange, D. L.; Anderson, R. S.; and Breen, N. 1994. Regular submarine canyon spacing in the submarine environment: the link between hydrology and geomorphology. GSA Today 4:36-39.
58. Paul, J. H.; Rose, J. B.; Jiang, S. C.; Zhou, X.; Cochran, P.; Kellogg, C.; Kang, J. B.; Griffin, D.; Farrah, S.; and Lukasik, J. 1997. Evidence for groundwater and surface marine water contamination by waste disposal wells in the Florida Keys. Water Res. 31:1448-1454.
59. Paull, C. K.; Chanton, J. P.; Martens, C. S.; Fullagar, P. D.; Neumann, C.; and Coston, J. A. 1991. Seawater circulation through the flank of the Florida platform: evidence and implications. Mar. Geol. 102:265-279.
60. Paull, C. K.; Hecker, B.; Commeau, R.; Freeman-Lynde, R. P.; Neumann, C.; Corso, W. P.; Golubic, S.; Hook, J. E.; Sikes, E.; and Curray, J. 1984. Biological communities at the Florida escarpment resemble hydrothermal vent taxa. Science 266:965-967.
61. Paytan, A.; Shellenbarger, G. G.; Street, J. H.; Gonneea, M. E.; Davis, K.; Young, M. B.; and Moore, W. S. 2006. Submarine groundwater discharge: an important source of new inorganic nitrogen to coral reef ecosystems. Limnol. Oceanogr. 51:343-348.
62. Person, M.; Dugan, B.; Swenson, J. B.; Urbano, L.; Stott, C.; Taylor, J.; and Willett, M. 2003. Pleistocene hydrogeology of the Atlantic continental shelf, New England. GSA Bull. 115:1324-1343.
63. Portnoy, J. W.; Nowicki, B. L.; Roman, C. T.; and Urish, D. W. 1998. The discharge of nitrate-contaminated groundwater from developed shoreline to marshfringed estuary. Water Resour. Res. 34:3095-3104.
64. Rachold, V.; Bolshiyanov, D. Y.; Grigoriev, M. N.; Hubberten, H.-W.; Junker, R.; Kunitsky, V. V.; Merker, F.; Overduin, P. P.; and Schneider, W. 2007. Nearshore arctic subsea permafrost in transition. EOS: Trans. Am. Geophys. Union 88:149-150.
65. Robb, J. M. 1984. Spring sapping on the lower continental slope, offshore New Jersey. Geology 12:278-282.
66. Robinson, C.; Gibbes, B.; and Li, L. 2006. Driving mechanisms for groundwater flow and salt transport in a subterranean estuary. Geophys. Res. Lett. 33:L03402, doi:10.1029/2005GL025247.
67. Robinson, C.; Li, L.; and Prommer, H. 2007. Tide-induced recirculation across the aquifer-ocean interface. Water Resour. Res. 43:W07428, doi:10.1029/2006WR005679.
68. Shaw, T. J.; Moore, W. A.; Kloepper, J.; and Sochaski, M. A. 1998. The flux of barium to coastal waters of the southeastern USA: the importance of submarine groundwater discharge. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 62:3047-3054.
69. Smith, C. G.; Cable, J. E.; and Martin, J. B. 2008. Episodic high intensity mixing events in a subterranean estuary: effects of tropical cyclones. Limnol. Oceanogr. 53: 666-674.
70. Stieglitz, T. C. 2005. Submarine groundwater discharge into the near-shore zone of the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 51:51-59.
71. Street, J. H.; Knee, K. L.; Grossman, E. E.; and Paytan, A. 2008. Submarine groundwater discharge and nutrient addition to the coastal zone and coral reefs of leeward Hawai'i. Mar. Chem. 109:355-376.
72. Swarzenski, P. W.; Reich, C. D.; Spechler, R. M.; Kindinger, J. L.; and Moore, W. S. 2001. Using multiple geochemical tracers to characterize the hydrogeology of the submarine spring off Crescent Beach, Florida. Chem. Geol. 179:187-202.
73. Taniguchi, M.; Burnett, W. C.; Cable, J. E.; and Turner, J. V. 2002. Investigations of submarine groundwater discharge. Hydrol. Process. 16:2115-2129.
74. Taniguchi, M.; Nakano, T.; Onodera, S.; Ishitobi, T.; Hosono, T.; Umezawa, Y.; and Fujii, T. 2008. Effects of submarine groundwater discharge on seashell ecosystem in the coastal zone. Meeting abstracts of the 2008 Ocean Sciences Meeting, Orlando, FL, p. 403.
75. Vacher, H. L. 1988. Dupuit-Ghyben-Herzberg analysis of strip island lenses. GSA Bull. 100:580-591.
76. Valentine, P. C.; Uzmann, J. R.; and Cooper, R. A. 1980. Geology and biology of Oceanographer submarine canyon. Mar. Geol. 38:283-312.
77. Valiela, I.; Costa, J.; Foreman, K. H.; Teal, J. M.; Howes, B.; and Aubrey, D. 1990. Transport of groundwaterborne nutrients from watersheds and their effects on coastal waters. Biogeochemistry 10:177-197.
78. Valiela, I.; Teal, J. M.; Volkmann, S.; Shafer, D.; and Carpenter, E. J. 1978. Nutrient and particulate fluxes in a salt marsh ecosystem: tidal exchanges and inputs by precipitation and groundwater. Limnol. Oceanogr. 23: 798-812.
79. Wilson, A., and Ruppel, C. 2007. Salt tectonics and shallow subseafloor fluid convection: models of coupled fluid-heat-salt transport. Geofluids 7:377-386, doi: 10.1111/j.1468-8123.2007.00191.x.
80. Wilson, A. M. 2003. The occurrence and chemical implications of geothermal convection in continental shelves. Geophys. Res. Lett. 30:2127, doi:10.1029/2003GL018499.
81. -. 2005. Fresh and saline groundwater discharge to the ocean: a regional perspective. Water Resour. Res. 41:W02016, doi:10.1029/2004WR003399.