The influence of demographic characteristics, living conditions, and trauma exposure on the overall health of a conflict-affected population in Southern Sudan

BMC Public Health

Volumn 10, Issue , 2010, Pages

  Roberts, Bayard ^a   Damundu, Eliaba Yona ^b   Lomoro, Olivia ^c   Sondorp, Egbert ^a  

^a LONDON SCHOOL OF HYGIENE AND TROPICAL MEDICINE   (United Kingdom)

^b Southern Sudan Commission for Census Statistics and Evaluation   (Sudan)

^c Ministry of Health   (Sudan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; DEMOGRAPHY; FEMALE; HEALTH STATUS; HUMAN; INJURY; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; QUESTIONNAIRE; SOCIAL CLASS; STATISTICAL MODEL; SUDAN; WAR;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; DEMOGRAPHY; FEMALE; HEALTH STATUS; HUMANS; LINEAR MODELS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; QUESTIONNAIRES; SOCIAL CLASS; SUDAN; WAR; WOUNDS AND INJURIES; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 77955961476     PISSN: None     EISSN: 14712458     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-10-518     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Commission on Social Determinants of Health, Closing the gap in a generation: Health equity through action on the social determinants of health: final report of the Commission on Social Determinants of Health Geneva: World Health Organisation 2008
2. Social Determinants of Health in Countries in Conflict and Crises: The Eastern Mediterranean Perspective. S Watts S Siddiqi A Shukrullah K Karim H Serag, 2007
3. Trauma, war, and violence: public mental health in socio-cultural context. J De Jong, New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers 2002
4. An ecological framework for addressing the mental health needs of refugee communities. K Miller L Rasco, The mental health of refugees: ecological approaches to healing and adaptation Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Miller K, Rasco L, 2004 1 66
5. From Trauma to Survival And Adaptation: Towards a frameworks for guiding mental health initiatives in post-conflict societies. D Silove, Forced Migration and Mental Health New York: Springer, Ingleby D, 2005 29 52 full-text
6. Pre-displacement and post-displacement factors associated with mental health of refugees and internally displaced persons: a meta-analysis. M Porter N Haslam, JAMA 2005 294 5 602 612 10.1001/jama.294.5.602 16077055
7. Lifetime events and posttraumatic stress disorder in 4 postconflict settings. JT De Jong IH Komproe M Van Ommeren M El Masri M Araya N Khaled W van De Put D Somasundaram, JAMA 2001 286 5 555 562 10.1001/jama.286.5.555 11476657
8. Constitution of the World Health Organisation. World Health Organisation, Geneva: World Health Organisation 1948
9. Effect of trauma on quality of life as mediated by mental distress and moderated by coping and social support among postconflict displaced Ethiopians. M Araya J Chotai IH Komproe JT de Jong, Qual Life Res 2007 16 6 915 927 10.1007/s11136-007-9201-9 17440829
10. Factors associated with the health status of internally displaced persons in northern Uganda. B Roberts K Felix Ocaka J Browne T Oyok E Sondorp, J Epidemiol Community Health 2009 63 3 227 232 10.1136/jech.2008.076356 19028730
11. Health-related quality of life in diabetic patients and controls without diabetes in refugee camps in the Gaza strip: a cross-sectional study. A Eljedi RT Mikolajczyk A Kraemer U Laaser, BMC Public Health 2006 6 268 10.1186/1471-2458-6-268 17074088
12. World Refugee Survey 2006. US Committee for Refugees and Immigrants, New York 2007
13. Internal Displacement: Global Overview of Trends and Developments in 2007. Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre, Geneva: Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre 2008
14. Human Security Report 2005: War and Peace in the 21st Century. Human Security Centre, Vancouver: University of British Columbia 2005
15. Sudan's Comprehensive Peace Agreement: The Long Road Ahead. International Crisis Group, 2006 Africa Report 106
16. Guns, children and cattle are the new currency of war in Southern Sudan. http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2009/jun/21/sudan-humanitarian-disaster
17. Rescuing the Peace in Southern Sudan. Joint NGO Briefing Paper, Oxfam International, Christian Aid, Cordaid, Handicap International, Save the Children, ICCO & Kerk in Actie, the International Rescue Committee, Secours Catholique/Caritas France, Tearfund and World Vision 2010
18. Health in southern Sudan is still critical despite truce. P Moszynski, British Medical Journal 2008 336 1093 10.1136/bmj.39577.475637.DB 18483041
19. Peace has come to southern Sudan, but challenges remain. W Wakabi, The Lancet 2006 368 829 830 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69307-0
20. Towards a baseline: best estimates of social indicators for Southern Sudan. New Sudan Centre for Statistics and Evaluation/UNICEF, Juba: New Sudan Centre for Statistics and Evaluation/UNICEF 2004
21. Traumatic events and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder amongst Sudanese nationals, refugees and Ugandans in the West Nile. U Karunakara F Neuner M Schauer K Singh K Hill T Elbert G Burnham, Afr Health Sci 2004 4 2 83 93 15477186
22. Psychological trauma and evidence for enhanced vulnerability for posttraumatic stress disorder through previous trauma among West Nile refugees. F Neuner M Schauer U Karunakara C Klaschik C Robert T Elbert, BMC Psychiatry 2004 4 34 10.1186/1471-244X-4-34 15504233
23. Post-conflict mental health needs: a cross-sectional survey of trauma, depression and associated factors in Juba, Southern Sudan. B Roberts EY Damundu O Lomoro E Sondorp, BMC Psychiatry 2009 9 7 10.1186/1471-244X-9-7 19261192
24. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. J Cohen, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum 2 1988
25. Cluster sampling to assess immunization coverage: a review of experience with a simplified sampling method. RH Henderson T Sundaresan, Bull World Health Organ 1982 60 2 253 260 6980735
26. Standardised Monitoring and Assessment of Relief and Transitions Programme (SMART). Smart Methodology, Version 1. SMART, 2005
27. Training for Mid-level Managers: The EPI Coverage Survey. World Health Organization, Geneva: WHO Expanded Programme on Immunization 1991
28. How to Score and Interpret Single-Item Health Status Measures: A Manual for Users of the SF-8 Health Survey. J Ware M Kosinski J Dewey B Gandek, Boston: QualyMetric 2001
29. Usefulness of the SF-8 Health Survey for comparing the impact of migraine and other conditions. DM Turner-Bowker MS Bayliss JE Ware M Kosinski, Qual Life Res 2003 12 8 1003 1012 10.1023/A:1026179517081 14651418
30. Health-related quality of life in breast cancer: A cross-cultural survey of German, Japanese, and South Korean patients. EJ Shim A Mehnert A Koyama SJ Cho H Inui NS Paik U Koch, Breast Cancer Res Treat 2006 99 3 341 350 10.1007/s10549-006-9216-x 16685589
31. The reliability and validity of the SF-8 with a conflict-affected population in northern Uganda. B Roberts J Browne KF Ocaka T Oyok E Sondorp, Health Qual Life Outcomes 2008 6 108 10.1186/1477-7525-6-108 19055716
32. Measuring Trauma, Measuring Torture. RM L Mollica M Massagli D Silove, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University 2004
33. A handbook of statistical analysis using Stata. S Rabe-Hesketh B Everitt, Boca Raton: Chapman & Hall/CRC 3 2004
34. A Kiswahili version of the SF-36 Health Survey for use in Tanzania: translation and tests of scaling assumptions. AK Wagner K Wyss B Gandek PM Kilima S Lorenz D Whiting, Quality of Life Research 1999 8 1 101 110 10.1023/A:1026441415079 10457743 (Pubitemid 29362751)
35. The World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment (WHOQOL): development and general psychometric properties. Soc Sci Med 1998 46 12 1569 1585 10.1016/S0277-9536(98)00009-4 9672396
36. Evaluating quality-of-life and health status instruments: development of scientific review criteria. KN Lohr NK Aaronson J Alonso MA Burnam DL Patrick EB Perrin JS Roberts, Clin Ther 1996 18 5 979 992 10.1016/S0149-2918(96)80054-3 8930436
37. Health Measurement Scales. A practical guide to their development and use. D Streiner G Norman, Oxford: Oxford University Press 1995
38. Assessing health status and quality-of-life instruments: Attributes and review criteria. KN Lohr, Quality of Life Research 2002 11 3 193 205 10.1023/A:1015291021312 12074258
39. A 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey: construction of scales and preliminary tests of reliability and validity. JE Ware M Kosinski SD Keller, Med Care 1996 34 3 220 233 10.1097/00005650-199603000-00003 8628042
40. Applied statistics for the behavioral sciences. D Hinkle S Jurs W Wiersma, Boston: Houghton Mifflin 1988
41. Conflict in the Indian Kashmir Valley II: psychosocial impact. K De Jong S Kam N Ford K Lokuge S Fromm R van Galen B Reilley R Kleber, Confl Health 2008 2 11 18854027
42. Daily stressors, war experiences, and mental health in Afghanistan. KE Miller P Omidian A Rasmussen A Yaqubi H Daudzai, Transcult Psychiatry 2008 45 4 611 638 10.1177/1363461508100785 19091728
43. Social determinants of health inequalities in Bosnia and Herzegovina. DJ Pevalin K Robson, Public Health 2007 121 8 588 595 10.1016/j.puhe.2007.01.012 17475296
44. Mental Health and Nutritional Status Among the Adult Serbian Minority in Kosovo. P Salama P Spiegel M Van Dyke L Phelps C Wilkinson, JAMA 2000 284 5 578 584 10.1001/jama.284.5.578 10918703
45. Mental Health, Social Functioning, and Attitudes of Kosovar Albanians Following the War in Kosovo. B Lopes Cardozo A Vergara F Agani CA Gotway, JAMA 2000 284 5 569 577 10.1001/jama.284.5.569 10918702
46. The sequelae of political violence: assessing trauma, suffering and dislocation in the Peruvian highlands. D Pedersen J Tremblay C Errazuriz J Gamarra, Soc Sci Med 2008 67 2 205 217 10.1016/j.socscimed.2008.03.040 18423959
47. The effect of soap distribution on diarrhoea: Nyamithuthu Refugee Camp. EA Peterson L Roberts MJ Toole DE Peterson, Int J Epidemiol 1998 27 3 520 524 10.1093/ije/27.3.520 9698146
48. Effect of washing hands with soap on diarrhoea risk in the community: a systematic review. V Curtis S Cairncross, Lancet Infect Dis 2003 3 5 275 281 10.1016/S1473-3099(03)00606-6 12726975
49. Dose-effect relationships of trauma to symptoms of depression and post-traumatic stress disorder among Cambodian survivors of mass violence. RF Mollica K McInnes C Poole S Tor, Br J Psychiatry 1998 173 482 488 10.1192/bjp.173.6.482 9926076