Suicidality in epilepsy and possible effects of antiepileptic drugs

Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports

Volumn 10, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 327-332

  Mula, Marco ^b   Bell, Gail S ^a   Sander, Josemir W ^a,c  

^a UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF EASTERN PIEDMONT   (Italy)

^c STICHTING EPILEPSIE INSTELLINGEN NEDERLAND SEIN   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Antiepileptic drugs; Epilepsy; Premature mortality; Suicidality; Suicide

Indexed keywords

ANTICONVULSIVE AGENT; BARBITURIC ACID DERIVATIVE; BENZODIAZEPINE DERIVATIVE; CARBAMAZEPINE; ETHOSUXIMIDE; ETIRACETAM; FELBAMATE; GABAPENTIN; LAMOTRIGINE; OXCARBAZEPINE; PHENYTOIN; PLACEBO; PREGABALIN; PRIMIDONE; TIAGABINE; TOPIRAMATE; VALPROIC ACID; VIGABATRIN; ZONISAMIDE;

ANXIETY; BRAIN SURGERY; CLINICAL TRIAL; DEPRESSION; DRUG BLOOD LEVEL; DRUG EFFECT; DRUG WITHDRAWAL; EPILEPSY; FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION; GENERALIZED EPILEPSY; HIGH RISK PATIENT; HUMAN; IRRITABILITY; MORTALITY; PSYCHOSIS; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; SIDE EFFECT; SUICIDAL BEHAVIOR; SUICIDAL IDEATION; SUICIDE; SUICIDE ATTEMPT; TEMPORAL LOBE EPILEPSY; AFFECT; CHEMICALLY INDUCED DISORDER; MENTAL DISEASE; UNITED STATES;

AFFECT; ANTICONVULSANTS; EPILEPSY; HUMANS; MENTAL DISORDERS; RISK FACTORS; SUICIDE; UNITED STATES; UNITED STATES FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION;

EID: 77955869162     PISSN: 15284042     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11910-010-0117-3     Document Type: Review

References (51)

1. Morgan HG, Stanton R: Suicide among psychiatric in-patients in a changing clinical scene. Suicidal ideation as a paramount index of short-term risk. Br J Psychiatry 1997, 171:561-563.
2. Shah AK, Ganesvaran T: Inpatient suicides in an Australian mental hospital. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 1997, 31:291-298.
3. Brown GK, Beck AT, Steer RA, Grisham JR: Risk factors for suicide in psychiatric outpatients: a 20-year prospective study. J Consult Clin Psychol 2000, 68:371-377.
4. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Leading Causes of Death, United States. 2009. Available at http://webappa.cdc.gov/ sasweb/ncipc/ leadcaus10.html. Accessed December 2009.
5. Hawton K, van Heeringen K: Suicide. Lancet 2009, 373:1372-1381.
6. Welch SS: A review of the literature on the epidemiology of parasuicide in the general population. Psychiatr Serv 2001, 52:368-375.
7. US Food and Drug Administration: Antiepileptic drugs and suicidality. 2008 May 23. Available at http://www.fda.gov/ohrms/ dockets/ac/08/briefing/2008- 4372b1-01-FDA.pdf. Accessed June 2008.
8. Prudhomme C: Epilepsy and suicide. J Nerv Ment Dis 1941, 94:722-727.
9. Harris EC, Barraclough B: Suicide as an outcome for mental disorders. A meta-analysis. Br J Psychiatry 1997, 170:205-228.
10. Bell GS, Gaitatzis A, Bell CL, et al.: Suicide in people with epilepsy: how great is the risk? Epilepsia 2009, 50:1933-1942.
11. Hawton K, Fagg J, Marsack P: Association between epilepsy and attempted suicide. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1980, 43 (2):168-170.
12. Mendez MF, Lanska DJ, Manon-Espaillat R, Burnstine TH: Causative factors for suicide attempts by overdose in epileptics. Arch Neurol 1989, 46:1065-1068.
13. Nilsson L, Ahlbom A, Farahmand BY, et al.: Risk factors for suicide in epilepsy: a case control study. Epilepsia 2002, 43:644-651.
14. Blumer D, Montouris G, Davies K, et al.: Suicide in epilepsy: psychopathology, pathogenesis, and prevention. Epilepsy Behav 2002, 3:232-241.
15. Barraclough B, Bunch J, Nelson B, Sainsbury P: A hundred cases of suicide: clinical aspects. Br J Psychiatry 1974, 125:355-373.
16. Gaitatzis A, Carroll K, Majeed A, Sander JW: The epidemiology of the comorbidity of epilepsy in the general population. Epilepsia 2004, 45:1613-1622.
17. •• Christensen J, Vestergaard M, Mortensen PB, et al.: Epilepsy and risk of suicide: a population-based case-control study. Lancet Neurol 2007, 6:693-698. This large epidemiologic study investigated suicide risk in epilepsy.
18. Brent DA: Overrepresentation of epileptics in a consecutive series of suicide attempters seen at a children's hospital, 1978-1983. J Am Acad Child Psychiatry 1986, 25:242-246.
19. Caplan R, Siddarth P, Gurbani S, et al.: Depression and anxiety disorders in pediatric epilepsy. Epilepsia 2005, 46:720-730.
20. Okubadejo NU, Danesi MA, Aina OF, et al.: Prospective casecontrol study of interictal depression and suicidal ideation in Nigerians with epilepsy. Niger Postgrad Med J 2007, 14:204-208.
21. Hara E, Akanuma N, Adachi N, et al.: Suicide attempts in adult patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2009, 63:225-229.
22. Rodin EA, Katz M, Lennox K: Differences between patients with temporal lobe seizures and those with other forms of epileptic attacks. Epilepsia 1976, 17:313-320.
23. Dodrill CB, Troupin AS: Psychotropic effects of carbamazepine in epilepsy: a double-blind comparison with phenytoin. Neurology 1977, 27:1023-1028.
24. Andrewes DG, Bullen JG, Tomlinson L, et al.: A comparative study of the cognitive effects of phenytoin and carbamazepine in new referrals with epilepsy. Epilepsia 1986, 27:128-134.
25. Robertson MM, Trimble MR, Townsend HR: Phenomenology of depression in epilepsy. Epilepsia 1987, 28:364-372.
26. Levinson DF, Devinsky O: Psychiatric adverse events during vigabatrin therapy. Neurology 1999, 53:1503-1511.
27. TrimbleMR, Rusch N, Betts T, Crawford PM: Psychiatric symptoms after therapy with new antiepileptic drugs: psychopathological and seizure related variables. Seizure 2000, 9:249-254.
28. Mula M, Trimble MR, Lhatoo SD, Sander JW: Topiramate and psychiatric adverse events in patients with epilepsy. Epilepsia 2003, 44:659-663.
29. Ring HA, Crellin R, Kirker S, Reynolds EH: Vigabatrin and depression. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1993, 56:925-928.
30. Thomas L, TrimbleM, Schmitz B, Ring H: Vigabatrin and behaviour disorders: a retrospective survey. Epilepsy Res 1996, 25:21-27.
31. Wolf P: The clinical syndromes of forced normalization. Folia Psychiatr Neurol Jpn 1984, 38:187-192.
32. Trimble MR, Schmitz B. Forced Normalization and Alternative Psychoses of Epilepsy. Petersfield, UK: Wrightson Biomedical Publishing Ltd; 1998.
33. Mula M, Sander JW: Negative effects of antiepileptic drugs on mood in patients with epilepsy. Drug Saf 2007, 30:555-567.
34. Bremner JD, Narayan M, Anderson ER, et al.: Hippocampal volume reduction in major depression. Am J Psychiatry 2000, 157:115-118.
35. Frodl T, Meisenzahl EM, Zetzsche T, et al.: Hippocampal changes in patients with a first episode of major depression. Am J Psychiatry 2002, 159:1112-1118.
36. Mula M, Trimble MR, Sander JW: The role of hippocampal sclerosis in topiramate-related depression and cognitive deficits in people with epilepsy. Epilepsia 2003, 44:1573-1577.
37. Mula M, Hesdorffer DC, Trimble M, Sander JW: The role of titration schedule of topiramate for the development of depression in patients with epilepsy. Epilepsia 2009, 50:1072-1076.
38. Petty F: GABA and mood disorders: a brief review and hypothesis. J Affect Disord 1995, 34:275-281.
39. Trimble MR, George M: Biological Psychiatry, edn 3. Washington: APA Press; 2010.
40. Olajide D, Lader M: Depression following withdrawal from longterm benzodiazepine use: a report of four cases. Psychol Med 1984, 14:937-940.
41. Reynolds EH, Travers RD: Serum anticonvulsant concentrations in epileptic patients with mental symptoms. A preliminary report. Br J Psychiatry 1974, 124:440-445.
42. Sander JW, Patsalos PN: An assessment of serum and red blood cell folate concentrations in patients with epilepsy on lamotrigine therapy. Epilepsy Res 1992, 13:89-92.
43. Reynolds EH: Mental effects of antiepileptic medication: a review. Epilepsia 1983, 24(Suppl 2):S85-S95.
44. US Food and Drug Administration: Information for Healthcare Professionals: Suicidal Behavior and Ideation and Antiepileptic Drugs. 2008 Dec 16. Available at http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/Drug Safety/ PostmarketDrugSafetyInformationforPatientsandProviders/ ucm100192.htm.
45. Kanner AM: Suicidality and epilepsy: a complex relationship that remains misunderstood and underestimated. Epilepsy Curr 2009, 9:63-66.
46. Hesdorffer DC, Kanner AM: The FDA alert on suicidality and antiepileptic drugs: fire or false alarm? Epilepsia 2009, 50:978-986.
47. Bell GS, Mula M, Sander JW: Suicidality in people taking antiepileptic drugs: what is the evidence? CNS Drugs 2009, 23: 281-292.
48. Brent D: Antidepressants and suicidal behavior: cause or cure? Am J Psychiatry 2007, 164:989-991.
49. Shneker BF, Cios JS, Elliott JO: Suicidality, depression screening, and antiepileptic drugs: reaction to the FDA alert. Neurology 2009, 72:987-991.
50. Gangwisch JE, Jacobson CM: New perspectives on assessment of suicide risk. Curr Treat Options Neurol 2009, 11:371-376.
51. Gibbons RD, Hur K, Brown CH, Mann JJ: Relationship between antiepileptic drugs and suicide attempts in patients with bipolar disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2009, 66:1354-1360.