Treatment of localized prostate cancer: When is active surveillance appropriate?

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology

Volumn 7, Issue 7, 2010, Pages 394-400

  Albertsen, Peter C ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT HEALTH CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FINASTERIDE; PROSTATE SPECIFIC ANTIGEN;

AGE DISTRIBUTION; ANDROGEN DEPRIVATION THERAPY; ANTIGEN DETECTION; CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY; CANCER GROWTH; CANCER LOCALIZATION; CANCER MORTALITY; CANCER RADIOTHERAPY; CANCER RISK; CANCER SCREENING; CANCER SURVIVAL; CLINICAL TRIAL; EARLY DIAGNOSIS; GLEASON SCORE; HUMAN; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; OVERALL SURVIVAL; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSTATE BIOPSY; PROSTATE CANCER; PROSTATECTOMY; REPEAT PROCEDURE; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; TREATMENT PLANNING; BLOOD; DIGITAL RECTAL EXAMINATION; DISEASE COURSE; MALE; MORTALITY; PROGNOSIS; PROSTATIC NEOPLASMS; SURVIVAL RATE;

DIGITAL RECTAL EXAMINATION; DISEASE PROGRESSION; HUMANS; MALE; PROGNOSIS; PROSTATE-SPECIFIC ANTIGEN; PROSTATIC NEOPLASMS; RISK ASSESSMENT; SURVIVAL RATE;

EID: 77955692214     PISSN: 17594774     EISSN: 17594782     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nrclinonc.2010.63     Document Type: Review

References (44)

1. Jemal A. et al. Cancer statistics 2009. CA Cancer J. Clin. 59, 225-249 (2009).
2. Cooperberg, M. R., Lubeck, D. P., Meng, M. v., Mehta, S. S. & Carroll, P. R. The changing face of low-risk prostate cancer: trends in clinical presentation and primary management. J. Clin. Oncol. 22, 2141-2149 (2004).
3. Dall'era, M. A. et al. Active surveillance for early-stage prostate cancer: review of the current literature. Cancer 112, 1650-1659 (2008).
4. Schröder, F. H. et al. Screening and prostate cancer mortality in a randomized european study. N. Engl. J. Med. 360, 1320-1328 (2009).
5. Andriole, G. L. et al. Mortality results from a randomized prostate cancer screening trial. N. Engl. J. Med. 360, 1310-1319 (2009).
6. epstein, J. i., walsh, P. C., Carmichael, M. & Brendler, C. B. Pathological and clinical findings to predict tumor extent of nonpalpable (stage T1c) prostate cancer. JAMA 271, 368-374 (1994).
7. Lughezzani, F. et al. Head-to-head comparison of the three most commonly used preoperative models for prediction of biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy. Eur. Urol. 57, 562-568 (2010)
8. Thompson, i. M. et al. The influence of finasteride on the development of prostate cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 349, 215-224 (2003).
9. Shariat, S. F., Karakiewicz, P. i., Roehrborn, C. G. & Kattan, M. w. An updated catalog of prostate cancer predictive tools. Cancer 113, 3075-3099 (2008)
10. Partin, A. w. et al. Combination of prostate-specific antigen, clinical stage, and Gleason score to predict pathological stage of localized prostate cancer. A multi-institutional update. JAMA 277, 1445-1451 (1997).
11. Yu, J. B. et al. validation of the partin nomogram for prostate cancer in a national sample. J. Urol. 183, 105-111 (2010).
12. Eyre, S. J. et al. validation in a multiple urology practice cohort of the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial calculator for predicting prostate cancer detection. J. Urol. 182, 2653-2658 (2009).
13. Shariat, S. F., Kattan, M. w., vickers, A. J., Karakiewicz, P. i. & Scardino, P. T. Critical review of prostate cancer predictive tools. Future Oncol. 5, 1555-1584 (2009).
14. Albertsen, P. C., Hanley, J. A. & Fine, J. 20-year outcomes following conservative management of clinically localized prostate cancer. JAMA 293, 2095-2101 (2005). (Pubitemid 40617061)
15. Lu-Yao, G. L. et al. Outcomes of localized prostate cancer following conservative management. JAMA 302, 1202-1209 (2009).
16. Welch, A. G. & Albertsen, P. C. Prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment after the introduction of prostate specific antigen screening: 1986-2005 J. Natl Cancer Inst. 101, 1325-1329 (2009).
17. Draisma, G. et al. Lead times and overdetection due to prostate-specific antigen screening: estimates from the european Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer. J. Natl Cancer Inst. 95, 868-878 (2003).
18. Collin, S. M. et al. Prostate-cancer mortality in the USA and UK in 1975-2004: an ecological study. Lancet Oncol. 9, 445-452 (2008).
19. Presti, J. C. Jr, O'Dowd, G. J., Miller, M. C., Mattu, R. & veltri, R. w. extended peripheral zone biopsy schemes increase cancer detection rates and minimize variance in prostate specific and age related cancer rates: results of a community multi-practice study. J. Urol. 169, 125-129 (2003).
20. Gleason, D. F. & Mellinger, G. T. Predication of prognosis for prostatic adenocarcinoma by combined histologic grading and clinical staging. J. Urol. 111, 58-64 (1974).
21. Epstein, J. I. Gleason score 2-4 adenocarcinoma of the prostate on needle biopsy: a diagnosis that should not be made. Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 24, 477-478 (2000).
22. Albertsen, P. C. et al. Prostate cancer and the will Rogers phenomenon. J. Natl Cancer Inst. 97, 1248-1253 (2005).
23. Johansson, J. e. et al. Natural history of early, localized prostate cancer. JAMA 291, 2713-2719 (2004).
24. Bill-Axelson, A. et al. Radical prostatectomy versus watchful waiting in localized prostate cancer: the Scandinavian prostate cancer group-4 randomized trial. J. Natl Cancer Inst. 100, 1144-1154 (2008).
25. Widmark, A. et al. endocrine treatment, with or without radiotherapy, in locally advanced prostate cancer (SPCG-7/SFUO-3): an open randomized phase iii trial. Lancet 373, 301-308 (2009).
26. Klotz, L. et al. Clinical results of long-term follow-up of a large, active surveillance cohort with localized prostate cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 28, 126-131 (2010).
27. van As, N. J. et al. Predicting the probability of deferred radical treatment for localised prostate cancer managed by active surveillance. Eur. Urol. 54, 1297-1305 (2008).
28. Carter, H. B. et al. expectant management of prostate cancer with curative intent: an update of the Johns Hopkins experience. J. Urol. 178, 2359-2364 (2007).
29. Soloway, M. S. et al. Active surveillance; a reasonable management alternative for patients with prostate cancer: the Miami experience. BJU Int. 101, 165-169 (2008).
30. van den Bergh, R. C. et al. Outcomes of men with screen detected prostate cancer eligible for active surveillance who were managed expectantly. Eur. Urol. 55, 1-8 (2009).
31. Khatami, A. et al. PSA doubling time predicts the outcome after active surveillance in screening-detected prostate cancer: results from the european randomized study of screening for prostate cancer, Sweden section. Int. J. Cancer 120, 170-174 (2007).
32. Dall'era, M. A. et al. Active surveillance for the management of prostate cancer in a contemporary cohort. Cancer 112, 2664-2670 (2008).
33. Johansson, e. et al. Time, symptom burden, androgen deprivation, and self-assessed quality of life after radical prostatectomy or watchful waiting: the Randomized Scandinavian Prostate Cancer Group Study Number 4 (SPCG-4) clinical trial. Eur. Urol. 55, 422-430(2009).
34. rd et al. Prospective study of determinants and outcomes of deferred treatment or watchful waiting among men with prostate cancer in a nationwide cohort. J. Clin. Oncol. 27, 4980-4985 (2009).
35. Eastham, J. A. et al. variation of serum prostate-specific antigen levels: an evaluation of year-to-year fluctuations. JAMA 289, 2695-2700 (2003).
36. Fujita, K., Landis, P., McNeil, B. K. & Pavlovich, C. P. Serial prostate biopsies are associated with an increased risk of erectile dysfunction in men with prostate cancer on active surveillance. J. Urol. 182, 2664-2669 (2009).
37. Sanda, M. G. et al. Quality of life and satisfaction with outcome among prostate-cancer survivors. N. Engl. J. Med. 358, 1250-1261 (2008).
38. Miller, D. C. et al. Long-term outcomes among localized prostate cancer survivors: health-related quality-of-life changes after radical prostatectomy, external radiation, and brachytherapy. J. Clin. Oncol. 23, 2772-2780 (2005).
39. Huggins, C. & Hodges, C. v. Studies on prostatic cancer: i. The effect of castration, of estrogen and of androgen injection on serum phosphatases in metastatic carcinoma of the prostate. Cancer Res. 1, 293-297 (1941).
40. Bolla, M. et al. Duration of androgen suppression in the treatment of prostate cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 360, 2516-2527 (2009).
41. Cooperberg, M. R., Grossfeld, G. D., Lubeck, D. P. & Carroll, P. R. National practice patterns and time trends in androgen ablation for localized prostate cancer. J. Natl Cancer Inst. 95, 981-989 (2003).
42. Abrahamsson, P. A. et al. Risks and benefits of hormonal manipulation as monotherapy or adjuvant treatment in localised prostate cancer. Eur. Urol. 48, 900-905 (2005).
43. Lu-Yao, G. L. et al. Survival following primary androgen deprivation therapy among men with localized prostate cancer. JAMA 300, 173-181 (2008).
44. Shahinian, v. B., Kuo, Y. F., Freeman, J. L. & Goodwin, J. S. Risk of the "androgen deprivation syndrome" in men receiving androgen deprivation for prostate cancer. Arch. Intern. Med. 166, 465-471 (2006).