Desert air incursions, an overlooked aspect, for the dry spells of the Indian summer monsoon

Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences

Volumn 67, Issue 10, 2010, Pages 3423-3441

  Krishnamurti, T N ^a   Thomas, A ^a   Simon, Anu ^a   Kumar, Vinay ^a  

^a FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Blocking; Coupled models; Dry intrusions; Monsoons; Summer warm season

Indexed keywords

BLOCKING; COUPLED MODELS; DRY INTRUSIONS; MONSOONS; SUMMER/WARM SEASON;

ATMOSPHERIC THERMODYNAMICS; DROUGHT; LANDFORMS; RAIN; SNOW; VORTICITY;

CURING;

ADVECTION; ANTICYCLONE; ARID REGION; ATMOSPHERIC CONVECTION; DESERT; HADLEY CELL; ICE COVER; INTERTROPICAL CONVERGENCE ZONE; JET STREAM; MONSOON; RAINFALL; SNOW COVER; SUMMER; VORTICITY;

EURASIA; HIMALAYAS; INDIA; NORTH AFRICA;

EID: 77955595147     PISSN: 00224928     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/2010JAS3440.1     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Barnett, T., L. Dümenil, U. Schlese, E. Roeckner, and M. Latif, 1989: The effect of Eurasian snow cover on regional and global climate variations. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 661-686.
2. Bell, G. D., and D. Keyser, 1993: Shear and curvature vorticity and potential-vorticity interchanges: Interpretation and application to a cutoff cyclone event. Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 76-102.
3. Bhanu Kumar, O. S. R. U., 1988: Interaction between Eurasian winter snow cover and location of the ridge at the 500-hPa level along 758E. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 66, 509-514.
4. Chakraborty, A., and T. N. Krishnamurti, 2006: Improved seasonal climate forecasts of the South Asian summer monsoon using a suite of 13 coupled ocean-atmosphere models. Mon. Wea. Rev., 134, 1697-1721.
5. Dickson, R. R., 1984: Eurasian snow cover versus Indian monsoon rainfall-An extension of the Hahn-Shukla results. J. Climate Appl. Meteor., 23, 171-173.
6. Dumenil, L., K. Arpe, and L. Bengtsson, 1994: Variability of the Indian monsoon in the ECHAM3 model. Part I:MONEGand AMIP experiments. Proc. Int. Conf. on Monsoon Variability and Prediction, Trieste, Italy, WMO, 609-620.
7. Fasullo, J., 2004: A stratified diagnosis of Indian monsoon-Eurasian snow cover relationship. J. Climate, 17, 1110-1122.
8. Gadgil, S., and K. Rupakumar, 2006: The Asian monsoon-Agriculture and economy. The Asian Monsoon, B. Wang, Ed., Springer/Praxis, 651-683.
9. Gadgil, S., P. N. Vinayachandran, and P. A. Francis, 2003: Droughts of the Indian summer monsoon: Role of clouds over the Indian Ocean. Curr. Sci., 85, 1713-1719.
10. Gadgil, S., P. N. Vinayachandran, P. A. Francis, and S. Gadgil, 2004: Extremes of Indian summer monsoon rainfall, ENSO, and equatorial Indian Ocean oscillation. Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L12213, doi:10.1029/2004GL019733.
11. Harzallah, A., and R. Sadourny, 1995: Internal versus SST-forced atmospheric variability as simulated by an atmospheric general circulation model. J. Climate, 8, 474-495.
12. Holton, J., 2004: An Introduction to Dynamic Meteorology. 4th ed. Elsevier Academic, 535 pp.
13. Kalnay, E., and Coauthors, 1996: The NCEP/NCAR 40-Year Reanalysis Project. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 77, 437-471.
14. Krishnakumar, K., B. Rajagopalan, M. Hoerling, G. Bates, and M. Cane, 2006: Unraveling the mystery of Indian monsoon failure during El Niño. Science, 314, 115-119.
15. Krishnamurti, T. N., 1971: Tropical east-west circulations during the northern summer. J. Atmos. Sci., 28, 1342-1347.
16. Krishnamurti, T. N., and D. Subrahmanyam, 1982: The 30-50-day mode at 850 Mb during MONEX. J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 2088-2095.
17. Krishnamurti, T. N., and L. Bounoua, 1996: Model Output Diagnostics: An Introduction to Numerical Weather Prediction Techniques. CRC Press, 266-275.
18. Krishnamurti, T. N., P. K. Jayakumar, J. Sheng, N. Surgi, and A. Kumar, 1985: Divergent circulations on the 30-50-day time scale. J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 364-375.
19. Krishnamurti, T. N., S.-H. Chu, and W. Iglesias, 1986: On the sea level pressure of the Southern Oscillation. Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 34, 385-425.
20. Krishnamurti, T. N., H. S. Bedi, and M. Subramaniam, 1989: The summer monsoon of 1987. J. Climate, 2, 321-334.
21. Krishnamurti, T. N., C. M. Kishtawal, T. LaRow, D. Bachiochi, Z. Zhang, C. E. Williford, S. Gadgi, and S. Surendran, 1999: Improved weather and seasonal climate forecasts from multimodel superensemble. Science, 285, 1548-1550.
22. Krishnamurti, T. N., L. Stefanova, A. Chakraborty, T. S. V. Kumar, S. Cocke, D. Bachiochi, and B. Mackey, 2002: Seasonal forecasts of precipitation anomalies for North American and Asian monsoons. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 80, 1415-1426.
23. Krishnamurti, T. N., P. Cunningham, and K. Rajendran, 2005: Anomalous gradient winds in the subtropical jet stream and interpretations of forecast failures. Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 88, 237-250.
24. Krishnamurti, T. N., H. S. Bedi, and V. M. Hardiker, 2006a: An Introduction to Global Spectral Modeling. 2nd ed. Springer, 317 pp.
25. Krishnamurti, T. N., A. Chakraborty, R. Krishnamurti, W. K. Dewar, and C. A. Clayson, 2006b: Seasonal prediction of sea surface temperature anomalies using a suite of 13 coupled atmosphere-ocean models. J. Climate, 19, 6069-6088.
26. Krishnamurti, T. N., T. S. V. Kumar, A. K. Mitra, W. T. Yun, A. Chakraborty, and L. Stefanova, 2006c: Further improvements in superensemble forecasts in weather research and climate. Predictability of Weather and Climate, T. Palmer and R. Hagedorn, Eds., Cambridge University Press, 532-560.
27. Krishnamurti, T. N., A. Chakraborty, A. Martin, W. K. Lau, K.-M. Kim, Y. Sud, and G. Walker, 2009: Impact of Arabian Sea pollution on the Bay of Bengal winter monsoon rains. J. Geophys. Res., 114, D06213, doi:10.1029/2008JD010679.
28. Krishnan, R., C. Zhang, and M. Sugi, 2000: Dynamics of breaks in the Indian summer monsoon. J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 1354-1372.
29. Krishnan, R., V. Kumar, M. Sugi, and J. Yoshimura, 2009: Internal feedbacks from monsoon-midlatitude interactions during droughts in the Indian summer monsoon. J. Atmos. Sci., 66, 553-578.
30. Lau, K.-M., and K.-M. Kim, 2006: Observational relationships between aerosol and Asian monsoon rainfall, and circulation. Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L21810, doi:10.1029/2006GL027546.
31. Lau, K.-M., M.-K. Kim, and K.-M. Kim, 2006: Asian summer monsoon anomalies induced by aerosol direct forcing: The role of the Tibetan plateau. Climate Dyn., 26, 855-864.
32. Manabe, S., J. Smagorinsky, and R. F. Strickler, 1965: Simulated climatology of a general circulation model with a hydrologic cycle. Mon. Wea. Rev., 93, 769-798.
33. Mitra, A. K., L. Stefanova, T. S. V. Vijayakumar, and T. N. Krishnamurti, 2005: Seasonal prediction for the Indian monsoon region with FSUocean-atmosphere coupled model: Model mean and 2002 anomalous drought. Pure Appl. Geophys., 162, 1431-1454.
34. Mogil, H. M., and R. L. Holle, 1972: Anomalous gradient winds: Existence and implications. Mon. Wea. Rev., 100, 709-716.
35. Oort, A. H., and J. J. Yienger, 1996: Observed interannual variability in the Hadley circulation and its connection to ENSO. J. Climate, 9, 2751-2767.
36. Palmén, E., 1951: The role of atmospheric disturbances in the general circulation. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 77, 337-354.
37. Rajeevan,M., J. Bhate, J. D. Kale, and B. Lal, 2006:High-resolution daily gridded rainfall data for the Indian region: Analysis of break and active monsoon spells. Curr. Sci., 91, 296-306.
38. Ramanathan, V., and Coauthors, 2005: Atmospheric brown clouds: Impacts on South Asian climate and hydrological cycle. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 102, 5326-5333.
39. Rasmusson, E. M., and T. H. Carpenter, 1982: Variations in tropical sea surface temperature and surface wind fields associated with the Southern Oscillation-El Niño. Mon. Wea. Rev., 110, 354-384.
40. Saji, N. H., B. N. Goswami, P. N. Vinayachandran, and T. A. Yamagata, 1999: A dipole mode in the tropical Indian Ocean. Nature, 401, 360-363.
41. Sikka, D. R., and S. Gadgil, 1980: On the maximum cloud zone and the ITCZ over India longitude during the southwest monsoon. Mon. Wea. Rev., 108, 1840-1853.
42. Viúdez, A., and R. L. Haney, 1996: On the shear and curvature vorticity equations. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 3384-3394.
43. Waliser, D. E., 2006: Intraseasonal variability. The Asian Monsoon, B. Wang, Ed., Springer/Praxis, 203-257.
44. Wallace, J. M., and D. S. Gutzler, 1981: Teleconnections in the geopotential height field during the Northern Hemisphere winter. Mon. Wea. Rev., 109, 784-812.
45. Wang, B., and H. Rui, 1990: Synoptic climatology of transient tropical intraseasonal convection anomalies: 1975-1985. Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 44, 43-61.
46. Yasunari, Y., 1980: A quasi-stationary appearance of a 30-40-day period in the cloudiness fluctuations during the summer monsoon over India. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 58, 225-229.
47. Yasunari, Y., 1981: Structure of an Indian summer monsoon system with around 40-day period. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 59, 336-354.