메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 90, Issue C, 2010, Pages 237-257

Transcranial sonography in Huntington'S disease

Author keywords

Basal ganglia; Huntington's disease; Raphe; Transcranial sonography; Ultrasound; Westphal variant

Indexed keywords

ADENINE; CYTOSINE; GUANINE; HUNTINGTIN;

EID: 77955403095     PISSN: 00747742     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1016/S0074-7742(10)90017-2     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (20)

References (78)
  • 4
    • 0005652488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MRI evaluation of basal ganglia ferritin iron and neurotoxicity in Alzheimer's and Huntington's disease
    • Bartzokis G., Tischler T.A. MRI evaluation of basal ganglia ferritin iron and neurotoxicity in Alzheimer's and Huntington's disease. Cell Mol. Biol. 2000, 46:821-833.
    • (2000) Cell Mol. Biol. , vol.46 , pp. 821-833
    • Bartzokis, G.1    Tischler, T.A.2
  • 6
    • 0029080907 scopus 로고
    • Reduced echogenicity of brainstem raphe specific to unipolar depression: A transcranial color-coded real-time sonography study
    • Becker G., Becker T., Struck M., Lindner A., Burzer K., Retz W., Bogdahn U., Beckmann H. Reduced echogenicity of brainstem raphe specific to unipolar depression: A transcranial color-coded real-time sonography study. Biol. Psychiatry. 1995, 38:180-184.
    • (1995) Biol. Psychiatry. , vol.38 , pp. 180-184
    • Becker, G.1    Becker, T.2    Struck, M.3    Lindner, A.4    Burzer, K.5    Retz, W.6    Bogdahn, U.7    Beckmann, H.8
  • 7
    • 0035040185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Basal limbic system alteration in major depression: A hypothesis supported by transcranial sonography and MRI findings
    • Becker G., Berg D., Lesch K.P., Becker T. Basal limbic system alteration in major depression: A hypothesis supported by transcranial sonography and MRI findings. Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol. 2001, 4:21-31.
    • (2001) Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol. , vol.4 , pp. 21-31
    • Becker, G.1    Berg, D.2    Lesch, K.P.3    Becker, T.4
  • 8
    • 0032853466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased tissue copper and manganese content in the lentiform nucleus in primary adult-onset dystonia
    • Becker G., Berg D., Rausch W.D., Lange H.K., Riederer P., Reiners K. Increased tissue copper and manganese content in the lentiform nucleus in primary adult-onset dystonia. Ann. Neurol. 1999, 46:260-263.
    • (1999) Ann. Neurol. , vol.46 , pp. 260-263
    • Becker, G.1    Berg, D.2    Rausch, W.D.3    Lange, H.K.4    Riederer, P.5    Reiners, K.6
  • 9
    • 0033595447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vulnerability of the nigrostriatal system as detected by transcranial ultrasound
    • Berg D., Becker G., Zeiler B., Tucha O., Hofmann E., Preier M., et al. Vulnerability of the nigrostriatal system as detected by transcranial ultrasound. Neurology 1999, 53:1026-1031.
    • (1999) Neurology , vol.53 , pp. 1026-1031
    • Berg, D.1    Becker, G.2    Zeiler, B.3    Tucha, O.4    Hofmann, E.5    Preier, M.6
  • 10
    • 0033395785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Depression in Parkinson's disease: Brainstem midline alteration on transcranial sonography and magnetic resonance imaging
    • Berg D., Supprian T., Hofmann E., Zeiler B., Jäger A., Lange K.W., Reiners K., Becker T., Becker G. Depression in Parkinson's disease: Brainstem midline alteration on transcranial sonography and magnetic resonance imaging. J. Neurol. 1999, 246:1186-1193.
    • (1999) J. Neurol. , vol.246 , pp. 1186-1193
    • Berg, D.1    Supprian, T.2    Hofmann, E.3    Zeiler, B.4    Jäger, A.5    Lange, K.W.6    Reiners, K.7    Becker, T.8    Becker, G.9
  • 11
    • 0035830425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship of substantia nigra echogenicity and motor function in elderly subjects
    • Berg D., Siefker C., Ruprecht-Dorfler P., Becker G. Relationship of substantia nigra echogenicity and motor function in elderly subjects. Neurology 2001, 56:13-17.
    • (2001) Neurology , vol.56 , pp. 13-17
    • Berg, D.1    Siefker, C.2    Ruprecht-Dorfler, P.3    Becker, G.4
  • 12
    • 0035884536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Echogenicity of substantia nigra determined by transcranial ultrasound correlates with severity of parkinsonian symptoms induced by neuroleptic therapy
    • Berg D., Jabs B., Merschdorf U., Beckmann H., Becker G. Echogenicity of substantia nigra determined by transcranial ultrasound correlates with severity of parkinsonian symptoms induced by neuroleptic therapy. Biol. Psychiatry. 2001, 50:463-467.
    • (2001) Biol. Psychiatry. , vol.50 , pp. 463-467
    • Berg, D.1    Jabs, B.2    Merschdorf, U.3    Beckmann, H.4    Becker, G.5
  • 13
    • 0036279410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Echogenicity of the substantia nigra: Association with increased iron content and marker for susceptibility to nigrostriatal injury
    • Berg D., Roggendorf W., Schroder U., Klein R., Tatschner T., Benz P., et al. Echogenicity of the substantia nigra: Association with increased iron content and marker for susceptibility to nigrostriatal injury. Arch. Neurol. 2002, 56:999-1005.
    • (2002) Arch. Neurol. , vol.56 , pp. 999-1005
    • Berg, D.1    Roggendorf, W.2    Schroder, U.3    Klein, R.4    Tatschner, T.5    Benz, P.6
  • 14
    • 53649086350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcranial sonography in movement disorders
    • Berg D., Godau J., Walter U. Transcranial sonography in movement disorders. Lancet Neurol. 2008, 7:1044-1055.
    • (2008) Lancet Neurol. , vol.7 , pp. 1044-1055
    • Berg, D.1    Godau, J.2    Walter, U.3
  • 15
    • 0030935035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The likelihood of being affected with Huntington's disease by a particular age, for a specific CAG size
    • Brinkmann R.R., Mezei M.M., Theilmann J., et al. The likelihood of being affected with Huntington's disease by a particular age, for a specific CAG size. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 1997, 60:1202-1210.
    • (1997) Am. J. Hum. Genet. , vol.60 , pp. 1202-1210
    • Brinkmann, R.R.1    Mezei, M.M.2    Theilmann, J.3
  • 17
    • 0021189183 scopus 로고
    • Differential perceptual-spatial impairment in Huntington's and Alzheimer's disease
    • Brouwers P., Cox C., Martin A., et al. Differential perceptual-spatial impairment in Huntington's and Alzheimer's disease. Arch. Neurol. 1984, 41:1073-1076.
    • (1984) Arch. Neurol. , vol.41 , pp. 1073-1076
    • Brouwers, P.1    Cox, C.2    Martin, A.3
  • 18
    • 18544410106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Formation of neuronal intranuclear inclusions underlies the neurological dysfunction in mice transgenic for the HD mutation
    • Davies S.W., Turmaine M., Cozens B.A., et al. Formation of neuronal intranuclear inclusions underlies the neurological dysfunction in mice transgenic for the HD mutation. Cell. 1997, 90:537-548.
    • (1997) Cell. , vol.90 , pp. 537-548
    • Davies, S.W.1    Turmaine, M.2    Cozens, B.A.3
  • 19
    • 0001921494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The basal ganglia
    • McGraw-Hill, New York, E.R. Kandel, J.H. Schwartz (Eds.)
    • DeLong M.R. The basal ganglia. Principles of Neural Science 2000, 853-867. McGraw-Hill, New York. Fourth Edition. E.R. Kandel, J.H. Schwartz (Eds.).
    • (2000) Principles of Neural Science , pp. 853-867
    • DeLong, M.R.1
  • 20
    • 85006672566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation of self-report depression rating scales in Huntington's disease
    • Nov 11 Epub ahead of print
    • De Souza J., Jones L.A., Rickards H. Validation of self-report depression rating scales in Huntington's disease. Mov. Disord. 2009, Nov 11 Epub ahead of print.
    • (2009) Mov. Disord.
    • De Souza, J.1    Jones, L.A.2    Rickards, H.3
  • 22
    • 36549036813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychiatric symptoms in Huntington's disease before diagnosis: The predict-HD study
    • Duff K., Paulsen J.S., Beglinger L.J., et al. Psychiatric symptoms in Huntington's disease before diagnosis: The predict-HD study. Biol. Psychiatry. 2007, 62:1341-1346.
    • (2007) Biol. Psychiatry. , vol.62 , pp. 1341-1346
    • Duff, K.1    Paulsen, J.S.2    Beglinger, L.J.3
  • 25
    • 0026023084 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of post-mortem magnetic resonance imaging and neuropathological findings in the cerebral white matter
    • Grafton S.T., Sumi S.M., Stimac G.K., et al. Comparison of post-mortem magnetic resonance imaging and neuropathological findings in the cerebral white matter. Arch. Neurol. 1991, 48:293-298.
    • (1991) Arch. Neurol. , vol.48 , pp. 293-298
    • Grafton, S.T.1    Sumi, S.M.2    Stimac, G.K.3
  • 27
    • 0014186152 scopus 로고
    • Development of a rating scale fpr primary depressive illness
    • Hamilton M. Development of a rating scale fpr primary depressive illness. Br. J. of. Soc. Clin. Psychology. 1967, 6:278-296.
    • (1967) Br. J. of. Soc. Clin. Psychology. , vol.6 , pp. 278-296
    • Hamilton, M.1
  • 28
    • 33747404210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain MRI in neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation with and without PANK2 mutations
    • Hayflick S.J., Harman M., Coryell J., Gitschier J., Rowley H. Brain MRI in neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation with and without PANK2 mutations. Am. J. Neuroradiol. 2006, 27:1230-1233.
    • (2006) Am. J. Neuroradiol. , vol.27 , pp. 1230-1233
    • Hayflick, S.J.1    Harman, M.2    Coryell, J.3    Gitschier, J.4    Rowley, H.5
  • 31
    • 9144259577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Profile of cognitive progression in early Huntington's disease
    • Ho A.K., Sahakian B.J., Brown R.G., et al. Profile of cognitive progression in early Huntington's disease. Neurology 2003, 61:1702-1706.
    • (2003) Neurology , vol.61 , pp. 1702-1706
    • Ho, A.K.1    Sahakian, B.J.2    Brown, R.G.3
  • 33
    • 0016704687 scopus 로고
    • The validity of criteria for the evaluation of cerebral atrophy by computed tomography
    • Huckmann M.S., Fox J., Topel J. The validity of criteria for the evaluation of cerebral atrophy by computed tomography. Radiology. 1975, 116:85-92.
    • (1975) Radiology. , vol.116 , pp. 85-92
    • Huckmann, M.S.1    Fox, J.2    Topel, J.3
  • 34
    • 0027480960 scopus 로고
    • A novel gene containing a trinucleotide repeat that is expanded and unstable on Huntington's disease chromosomes
    • Huntington's Disease Collaborative Research Group
    • A novel gene containing a trinucleotide repeat that is expanded and unstable on Huntington's disease chromosomes. Cell. 1993, 72:971-983. Huntington's Disease Collaborative Research Group.
    • (1993) Cell. , vol.72 , pp. 971-983
  • 35
    • 85009332113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unified Huntington's disease rating scale: Reliability and consistency
    • Huntington Study Group
    • Unified Huntington's disease rating scale: Reliability and consistency. Mov. Disord. 1996, 11:136-142. Huntington Study Group.
    • (1996) Mov. Disord. , vol.11 , pp. 136-142
  • 38
    • 18844422479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thalamic atrophy in Huntington's disease co-varies with cognitive performance: A morphometric MRI analysis
    • Kassubek J., Juengling F.D., Ecker D., et al. Thalamic atrophy in Huntington's disease co-varies with cognitive performance: A morphometric MRI analysis. Cereb. Cortex. 2005, 15:846-853.
    • (2005) Cereb. Cortex. , vol.15 , pp. 846-853
    • Kassubek, J.1    Juengling, F.D.2    Ecker, D.3
  • 39
    • 0033650898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subtle changes among presymptomatic carriers of the Huntington's disease gene
    • Kirkwood S.C., Siemers E., Hodes M.E., et al. Subtle changes among presymptomatic carriers of the Huntington's disease gene. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry. 2000, 69:773-779.
    • (2000) J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry. , vol.69 , pp. 773-779
    • Kirkwood, S.C.1    Siemers, E.2    Hodes, M.E.3
  • 40
    • 77955355939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hirnparenchym-Sonographie bei depressiven und nicht-depressiven Huntington-Patienten
    • Krogias C., Saft C., Strassburger K., Gold R., Norra C., Juckel G., Ninphius D. Hirnparenchym-Sonographie bei depressiven und nicht-depressiven Huntington-Patienten. Nervenarzt 2008, 79(Suppl. 4):372.
    • (2008) Nervenarzt , vol.79 , Issue.SUPPL. 4 , pp. 372
    • Krogias, C.1    Saft, C.2    Strassburger, K.3    Gold, R.4    Norra, C.5    Juckel, G.6    Ninphius, D.7
  • 42
    • 0019991784 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral metabolism and atrophy in Huntington's disease determined by 18FDG and computed tomographic scan
    • Kuhl D.E., Phelps M.E., Markham C.H., et al. Cerebral metabolism and atrophy in Huntington's disease determined by 18FDG and computed tomographic scan. Ann. Neurol. 1982, 12:425-434.
    • (1982) Ann. Neurol. , vol.12 , pp. 425-434
    • Kuhl, D.E.1    Phelps, M.E.2    Markham, C.H.3
  • 43
    • 77955404541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Substantia nigra hyperechogenicity in Huntington's disease
    • abstract
    • Lambeck J., Niesen W., Zucker B. Substantia nigra hyperechogenicity in Huntington's disease. Akt. Neurologie. 2008, 35(Suppl. 1):S152. abstract.
    • (2008) Akt. Neurologie. , vol.35 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Lambeck, J.1    Niesen, W.2    Zucker, B.3
  • 44
    • 0022946353 scopus 로고
    • Brain Energy and Dopaminergic Function in Huntington's disease measured in vivo using Positron Emission Tomography
    • Leeders K.L., Frackowiak R.S.J., Quinn N., Marsden C.D. Brain Energy and Dopaminergic Function in Huntington's disease measured in vivo using Positron Emission Tomography. Movement Disorders 1986, 1:69-77.
    • (1986) Movement Disorders , vol.1 , pp. 69-77
    • Leeders, K.L.1    Frackowiak, R.S.J.2    Quinn, N.3    Marsden, C.D.4
  • 45
    • 0036720678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal study evaluating neuropsychological changes in so-called asymptomatic carriers of the Huntington's disease mutation after 1 year
    • Lemiere J., Decruyenaere M., Evers-Kiebooms G., et al. Longitudinal study evaluating neuropsychological changes in so-called asymptomatic carriers of the Huntington's disease mutation after 1 year. Acta Neurol. Scand. 2002, 106:131-141.
    • (2002) Acta Neurol. Scand. , vol.106 , pp. 131-141
    • Lemiere, J.1    Decruyenaere, M.2    Evers-Kiebooms, G.3
  • 46
    • 49449101795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mental health and quality of life after genetic testing for Huntington disease: A long-term effect study in Germany
    • Licklederer C., Wolff G., Barth J. Mental health and quality of life after genetic testing for Huntington disease: A long-term effect study in Germany. Am. J. Med. Genet. 2008, 146A:2078-2085.
    • (2008) Am. J. Med. Genet. , vol.146 A , pp. 2078-2085
    • Licklederer, C.1    Wolff, G.2    Barth, J.3
  • 47
    • 0001891547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The neurobiology of Huntington's disease
    • WP Saunders, London, P.S. Harper (Ed.)
    • MacMillan J.C., Quarrell O.W.J. The neurobiology of Huntington's disease. Huntington's disease 1996, 317-357. WP Saunders, London. Second Edition. P.S. Harper (Ed.).
    • (1996) Huntington's disease , pp. 317-357
    • MacMillan, J.C.1    Quarrell, O.W.J.2
  • 48
    • 33644531897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain imaging and cognitive dysfunctions in Huntington's disease
    • Montoya A., Price B.H., Menear M., Lepade M. Brain imaging and cognitive dysfunctions in Huntington's disease. J. Psychiatry Neursci. 2006, 31:21-29.
    • (2006) J. Psychiatry Neursci. , vol.31 , pp. 21-29
    • Montoya, A.1    Price, B.H.2    Menear, M.3    Lepade, M.4
  • 49
    • 0034847765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Juvenile onset Huntington's Disease-Clinical and research perspectives
    • Nance M.A., Myers R.H. Juvenile onset Huntington's Disease-Clinical and research perspectives. Ment. Retard. Dev. Disabil. Res. Rev. 2001, 7:153-157.
    • (2001) Ment. Retard. Dev. Disabil. Res. Rev. , vol.7 , pp. 153-157
    • Nance, M.A.1    Myers, R.H.2
  • 50
    • 0029952851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lenticular nucleus lesion in idiopathic dystonia detected by transcranial sonography
    • Naumann M., Becker G., Toyka K.V., Supprian T., Rainers K. Lenticular nucleus lesion in idiopathic dystonia detected by transcranial sonography. Neurology 1996, 47:1284-1290.
    • (1996) Neurology , vol.47 , pp. 1284-1290
    • Naumann, M.1    Becker, G.2    Toyka, K.V.3    Supprian, T.4    Rainers, K.5
  • 54
    • 62149136286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional imaging in Huntington's disease
    • Paulsen J.S. Functional imaging in Huntington's disease. Exp. Neurol. 2009, 216:272-277.
    • (2009) Exp. Neurol. , vol.216 , pp. 272-277
    • Paulsen, J.S.1
  • 55
    • 27744438097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Executive dysfunction in early stages of Huntington's disease is associated with striatal and insular atrophy: A neuropsychological and voxel-based morphometric study
    • Peinemann A., Schuller S., Pohl C., Jahn T., Windl A., Kassubek J. Executive dysfunction in early stages of Huntington's disease is associated with striatal and insular atrophy: A neuropsychological and voxel-based morphometric study. J. Neurol. Sci. 2005, 239:11-19.
    • (2005) J. Neurol. Sci. , vol.239 , pp. 11-19
    • Peinemann, A.1    Schuller, S.2    Pohl, C.3    Jahn, T.4    Windl, A.5    Kassubek, J.6
  • 56
    • 53049084348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The current clinical management of Huntington's disease
    • Phillips W., Shannon K.M., Barker R.A. The current clinical management of Huntington's disease. Mov. Disord. 2008, 23:1491-1504.
    • (2008) Mov. Disord. , vol.23 , pp. 1491-1504
    • Phillips, W.1    Shannon, K.M.2    Barker, R.A.3
  • 58
    • 0002476699 scopus 로고
    • The clinical neurology of Huntington's disease
    • WB Saunders, London, P. Harper (Ed.)
    • Quarrel O., Harper P.S. The clinical neurology of Huntington's disease. Huntington's disease 1991, 37-80. WB Saunders, London. P. Harper (Ed.).
    • (1991) Huntington's disease , pp. 37-80
    • Quarrel, O.1    Harper, P.S.2
  • 62
    • 72449159190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progress in premanifest and manifest diagnostics in Huntington's disease
    • Saft C., Kosinski C.M., Landwehrmeyer G.B. Progress in premanifest and manifest diagnostics in Huntington's disease. Akt. Neurol. 2009, 36:506-523.
    • (2009) Akt. Neurol. , vol.36 , pp. 506-523
    • Saft, C.1    Kosinski, C.M.2    Landwehrmeyer, G.B.3
  • 64
    • 0028901275 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the ventricular system in adults by transcranial duplex sonography
    • Seidel G., Kaps M., Gerriets T., Hutzelmann A. Evaluation of the ventricular system in adults by transcranial duplex sonography. J. Neuroimaging. 1995, 5:105-108.
    • (1995) J. Neuroimaging. , vol.5 , pp. 105-108
    • Seidel, G.1    Kaps, M.2    Gerriets, T.3    Hutzelmann, A.4
  • 65
    • 0034967122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Depression and Huntington's disease: Prevalence, clinical manifestations, etiology and treatment
    • Slaughter J.R., Martens M.P., Slaughter K.A. Depression and Huntington's disease: Prevalence, clinical manifestations, etiology and treatment. CNS Spectr. 2001, 6:306-326.
    • (2001) CNS Spectr. , vol.6 , pp. 306-326
    • Slaughter, J.R.1    Martens, M.P.2    Slaughter, K.A.3
  • 66
    • 0029966943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Loss of disgust Perception of faces and emotions in Huntington's disease
    • Sprengelmeyer R., Young A.W., Calder A.J., et al. Loss of disgust Perception of faces and emotions in Huntington's disease. Brain 1996, 119:1647-1665.
    • (1996) Brain , vol.119 , pp. 1647-1665
    • Sprengelmeyer, R.1    Young, A.W.2    Calder, A.J.3
  • 67
    • 77955360391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bicaudate diameter-The most specific and simple CT parameter in the diagnosis of Huntington's disease
    • Stober T., Wussow W., Schimrigk K. Bicaudate diameter-The most specific and simple CT parameter in the diagnosis of Huntington's disease. Arch. Neurol. 1996, 53:1293-1296.
    • (1996) Arch. Neurol. , vol.53 , pp. 1293-1296
    • Stober, T.1    Wussow, W.2    Schimrigk, K.3
  • 68
    • 33846225133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Huntington's disease
    • Walker F.O. Huntington's disease. Lancet. 2007, 369:218-228.
    • (2007) Lancet. , vol.369 , pp. 218-228
    • Walker, F.O.1
  • 69
    • 0037435514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain parenchyma sonography discriminates Parkinson's disease and atypical parkinsonian syndromes
    • Walter U., Niehaus L., Probst T., Benecke R., Meyer B.U., Dressler D. Brain parenchyma sonography discriminates Parkinson's disease and atypical parkinsonian syndromes. Neurology 2003, 60:74-77.
    • (2003) Neurology , vol.60 , pp. 74-77
    • Walter, U.1    Niehaus, L.2    Probst, T.3    Benecke, R.4    Meyer, B.U.5    Dressler, D.6
  • 70
    • 3543098625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sonographic discrimination of corticobasal degeneration vs progressive supranuclear palsy
    • Walter U., Dressler D., Wolters A., Probst T., Grossmann A., Benecke R. Sonographic discrimination of corticobasal degeneration vs progressive supranuclear palsy. Neurology 2004, 63:504-509.
    • (2004) Neurology , vol.63 , pp. 504-509
    • Walter, U.1    Dressler, D.2    Wolters, A.3    Probst, T.4    Grossmann, A.5    Benecke, R.6
  • 71
    • 18844460367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sonographic detection of basal ganglia lesions in asymptomatic and symptomatic Wilson disease
    • Walter U., Krolikowski K., Tarnacke B., Benecke R., Czlonkowska A., Dressler D. Sonographic detection of basal ganglia lesions in asymptomatic and symptomatic Wilson disease. Neurology 2005, 64:1726-1732.
    • (2005) Neurology , vol.64 , pp. 1726-1732
    • Walter, U.1    Krolikowski, K.2    Tarnacke, B.3    Benecke, R.4    Czlonkowska, A.5    Dressler, D.6
  • 74
    • 0029895292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Striatal D1 and D2 dopamine receptor loss in asymptomatic mutation carriers of Huntington's disease
    • Weeks R.A., Picini P., Harding A.E., et al. Striatal D1 and D2 dopamine receptor loss in asymptomatic mutation carriers of Huntington's disease. Ann. Neurol. 1996, 40:49-54.
    • (1996) Ann. Neurol. , vol.40 , pp. 49-54
    • Weeks, R.A.1    Picini, P.2    Harding, A.E.3
  • 75
    • 77955394338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chorea
    • Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, New York, A. Ceballos-Baumann, B. Conrad (Eds.)
    • Weindl A., Conrad B. Chorea. Bewegungsstörungen 2005, 197-211. Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, New York. Second Edition. A. Ceballos-Baumann, B. Conrad (Eds.).
    • (2005) Bewegungsstörungen , pp. 197-211
    • Weindl, A.1    Conrad, B.2
  • 76
    • 12144288251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Venezuelan kindreds reveal that genetic and environmental factors modulate Huntington's disease age of onset
    • Wexler N.S., Lorimer J., Porter J., et al. Venezuelan kindreds reveal that genetic and environmental factors modulate Huntington's disease age of onset. PNAS (USA). 2004, 101:3498-3503.
    • (2004) PNAS (USA). , vol.101 , pp. 3498-3503
    • Wexler, N.S.1    Lorimer, J.2    Porter, J.3
  • 77
    • 0023690166 scopus 로고
    • NMDA receptor losses in putamen form patients with Huntington's disease
    • Young A.B., Greenamyre J.T., Hollingsworth Z., et al. NMDA receptor losses in putamen form patients with Huntington's disease. Science 1988, 241:981-983.
    • (1988) Science , vol.241 , pp. 981-983
    • Young, A.B.1    Greenamyre, J.T.2    Hollingsworth, Z.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.