Indicators of mineralocorticoid excess in the evaluation of primary aldosteronism

Hypertension Research

Volumn 33, Issue 8, 2010, Pages 850-856

  Balaş, Melania ^a,b   Zosin, Ioana ^b   Maser Gluth, Christiane ^c   Hermsen, Derik ^a   Cupisti, Kenko ^a   Schott, Matthias ^a   Schinner, Sven ^a   Knoefel, Wolfram T ^a   Scherbaum, Werner A ^a   Willenberg, Holger S ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL DÜSSELDORF   (Germany)

^b VICTOR BABES UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY   (Romania)

^c UNIVERSITY OF HEIDELBERG   (Germany)

Author keywords

adrenal; aldosterone; Conn syndrome; primary aldosteronism; SUSPPUP

Indexed keywords

ALDOSTERONE; AMLODIPINE; ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; CLONIDINE; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; ELECTROLYTE; HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE; MINERALOCORTICOID RECEPTOR; POTASSIUM; RENIN; SODIUM;

ALDOSTERONE BLOOD LEVEL; ALDOSTERONE URINE LEVEL; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE THERAPY; ARTICLE; CASE FINDING; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CLINICAL EVALUATION; CONTROLLED STUDY; ELECTROLYTE BLOOD LEVEL; ELECTROLYTE URINE LEVEL; ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION; FEMALE; HORMONE BLOOD LEVEL; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; MALE; PHYSICAL PARAMETERS; PLASMA RENIN ACTIVITY; POTASSIUM BLOOD LEVEL; PRIMARY HYPERALDOSTERONISM; RECEIVER OPERATING CHARACTERISTIC; SCREENING TEST; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SODIUM BLOOD LEVEL; SODIUM EXCRETION; SODIUM URINE LEVEL;

ADULT; AGED; ALDOSTERONE; BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; BLOOD PRESSURE; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYPERALDOSTERONISM; HYPERTENSION; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MINERALOCORTICOIDS; POTASSIUM; PREDICTIVE VALUE OF TESTS; RENIN; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SODIUM;

EID: 77955383418     PISSN: 09169636     EISSN: 13484214     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/hr.2010.76     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Funder JW, Carey RM, Fardella C, Gomez-Sanchez CE, Mantero F, Stowasser M, Young Jr WF, Montori VM. Case detection, diagnosis and treatment of patients with primary aldosteronism: an Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008; 93: 3266-3281.
2. Mulatero P, Stowasser M, Loh KC, Fardella CE, Gordon RD, Mosso L, Gomez-Sanchez CE, Veglio F, Young Jr WF. Increased diagnosis of primary aldosteronism, including surgically correctable forms, in centers from five continents. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004; 89: 1045-1050.
3. Gordon RD, Stowasser M, Tunny TJ, Klemm SA, Rutherford JC. High incidence of primary aldosteronism in 199 patients referred with hypertension. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 1994; 21: 315-318.
4. Ribeiro MJS, Figueiredo Neto JA, Memoria EV, Lopes Mde C, Faria Mdos S, Salgado Filho N, Oliveira TC. Prevalence of primary hyperaldosteronism in a systemic arterial hypertension league. Arq Bras Cardiol 2009; 92: 37-43.
5. Nishikawa T, Saito J, Omura M. Prevalence of primary aldosteronism: should we screen for primary aldosteronism before treating hypertensive patients with medication? Endocrine J 2007; 54: 487-495.
6. Rossi GP, Bernini G, Caliumi C, Desideri G, Fabris B, Ferri C, Ganzaroli C, Giacchetti G, Letizia C, Maccario M, Mallamaci F, Mannelli M, Mattarello MJ, Moretti A, Palumbo G, Parenti G, Porteri E, Semplicini A, Rizzoni D, Rossi E, Boscaro M, Pessina AC, Mantero F, PAPY Study Investigators. A prospective study of the prevalence of primary aldosteronism in 1125 hypertensive patients. J Am Coll Cardiol 2006; 48: 2293-2300.
7. Bernini G, Moretti A, Argenio G, Salvetti A. Primary aldosteronism in normokalemic patients with adrenal incidentalomas. Eur J Endocrinol 2002; 146: 523-529.
8. Young WF. Primary aldosteronism: renaissance of a syndrome. Clin Endocrinol 2007; 66: 607-618.
9. Seifarth C, Trenkel S, Schobel H, Hahn EG, Hensen J. Influence of antihypertensive medication on aldosterone and renin concentration in the differential diagnosis of essential hypertension and primary aldosteronism. Clin Endocrinol 2002; 57: 457-465.
10. Nishizaka MK, Pratt-Ubunama M, Zaman MA, Cofield S, Calhoun DA. Validity of plasma aldosterone-to-renin activity ratio in African American and white subjects with resistant hypertension. Am J Hypertens 2005; 18: 805-812.
11. Schwartz GL, Turner ST. Screening for primary aldosteronism in essential hypertension: diagnostic accuracy of the ratio of plasma aldosterone concentration to plasma renin activity. Clin Chem 2005; 51: 386-394.
12. Doi SAR, Abalkhail S, Al-Qudhaiby MM, Al-Humood K, Hafez MF, Al-Shoumer KAS. Optimal use and interpretation of the aldosterone renin ratio to detect aldosterone excess in hypertension. J Hum Hypertens 2006; 20: 482-489.
13. Gallay BJ, Ahmad S, Xu L, Toivola B, Davidson RC. Screening for primary aldosteronism without discontinuing hypertensive medications: plasma aldosterone-renin ratio. Am J Kidney Dis 2001; 37: 699-705.
14. Willenberg HS, Schinner S, Ansurudeen I. New mechanisms to control aldosterone synthesis. Horm Metab Res 2008; 40: 435-441.
15. Weinberger MH, Fineberg NS. The diagnosis of primary aldosteronism and separation of two major subtypes. Arch Intern Med 1993; 153: 2125-2129.
16. Young WF. Primary aldosteronism. Management issues. Ann NY Acad Sci 2002; 970: 61-76.
17. Seiler L, Rump L, Reincke M, Pavenstädt H, Borm K, Slawik M, Schulte-Mönting J, Beuschlein F. Diagnosis of primary aldosteronism: value of different screening parameters and influence of antihypertensive medication. Eur J Endocrinol 2004; 150: 329-337.
18. Abdelhamid S, Blomer R, Hommel G, Haack D, Lewicka S, Fiegel P, Krumme B. Urinary tetrahydroaldosterone as a screening method for primary aldosteronism: a comparative study. Am J Hypertens 2003; 16: 522-530.
19. Mourad JJ, Girerd X, Milliez P, Lopez-Sublet M, Lejeune S, Safar ME. Urinary aldosterone-to-active-renin ratio: a useful tool for predicting resolution of hypertension after adrenalectomy in patients with aldosterone-producing adenomas. Am J Hypertens 2008; 21: 742-747.
20. Bernini G, Moretti A, Orlandini C, Berti P, Miccoli P, Bardini M, Taurino C, Bernini M, Salvetti A. Plasma and urinary aldosterone to plasma renin activity ratio in the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism. J Hypertens 2008; 26: 981-988.
21. Willenberg HS, Kolentini C, Quinkler M, Cupisti K, Krausch M, Schott M, Scherbaum WA. The serum sodium to urinary sodium to (serum potassium)2 to urinary potassium (SUSPPUP) ratio in patients with primary aldosteronism. Eur J Clin Invest 2009; 39: 43-50.
22. Vecsei P, Abdelhamid S, Mittelstaedt GV, Lichtwald K, Haack D, Lewicka S. Aldosterone metabolites and possible aldosterone precursors in hypertension. J Steroid Biochem 1983; 19: 345-351.
23. Maser-Gluth C, Reincke M, Allolio B, Schulze E. Metabolism of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids in patients with adrenal incidentalomas. Eur J Clin Invest 2000; 30: 83-86.
24. Rossi G, Boscaro M, Ronconi V, Funder JW. Aldosterone as a cardiovascular risk factor. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2005; 16: 104-107.
25. Born-Frontsberg E, Reincke M, Beuschlein F, Quinkler M, Participants of German Conn's Registry. Tumor size of Conn's adenoma and comorbidities. Horm Metab Res 2009; 41: 785-788.
26. Schirpenbach C, Seiler L, Maser-Gluth C, Rü diger F, Nickel C, Beuschlein F, Reincke M. Confirmatory testing in normokalaemic primary aldosteronism: the value of the saline infusion test and urinary aldosterone metabolites. Eur J Endocrinol 2006; 154: 865-873.
27. Fardella CE, Mosso L, Gomez-Sanchez C, Cortes P, Soto J, Gomez L, Pinto M, Huete A, Oestreicher E, Foradori A, Montero J. Primary hyperaldosteronism in essential hypertensives: prevalence, biochemical profile and molecular biology. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000; 85: 1863-1867.
28. Jansen PM, Boomsma F, van den Meiracker AH, Dutch ARRAT investigators. Aldosterone-to-renin ratio as a screening test for primary aldosteronism-The Dutch ARRAT Study. Neth J Med 2008; 66: 220-228.
29. Campbell DJ, Nussberger J, Stowasser M, Jan Danser AH, Morganti A, Frandsen E, Menard J. Activity assays and immunoassays for plasma renin and prorenin: information provided and precautions necessary for accurate measurement. Clin Chem 2009; 55: 867-877.
30. Grim CE. Evolution of diagnostic criteria for primary aldosteronism: why is it more common in 'drug-resistant' hypertension today? Curr Hypertens Rep 2004; 6: 485-492.
31. Ho JT, Keogh JB, Bornstein SR, Ehrhart-Bornstein M, Lewis JG, Clifton PM, Torpy DJ. Moderate weight loss reduces renin and aldosterone but does not influence basal or stimulated pituitary-adrenal axis function. Horm Metab Res 2007; 39: 694-699.
32. Vinciguerra M. Aldosterone, but not increased Na+ influx or NF-kappaB activation, increases kidney-specific WNK1 gene expression in renal collecting duct cells. Horm Metab Res 2009; 41: 67-70.
33. Rayner B. Primary aldosteronism and aldosterone-associated hypertension. J Clin Pathol 2008; 61: 825-831.
34. Trenkel S, Seifarth C, Schobel H, Hahn EG, Hensen J. Ratio of serum aldosterone to plasma renin concentration in essential hypertension and primary aldosteronism. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2002; 110: 80-85.
35. Niizuma S, Nakahama H, Kamide K, Fukuchi K, Iwanaga Y, Nakata H, Yoshihara F, Horio T, Nakamura S, Kawano Y. The cutoff value of aldosterone-to-renin ratio for the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism in patients taking antihypertensive medicine. Clin Exp Hypertens 2008; 30: 640-647.
36. Mulatero P, Rabbia F, Milan A, Paglieri C, Morello F, Chiandussi L, Veglio F. Drug effects on aldosterone/plasma renin activity ratio in primary aldosteronism. Hypertension 2002; 40: 897-902.
37. Unger N, Lopez Schmidt I, Pitt C, Walz MK, Philipp T, Mann K, Petersenn S. Comparison of active renin concentration and plasma renin activity for the diagnosis of primary hyperaldosteronism in patients with an adrenal mass. Eur J Endocrinol 2004; 150: 517-523.