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Enabling technologies include techniques such as nonconventional heating, solid-phase assistance and new reactor designs. They allow carrying out syntheses faster and performing workup more efficiently. We first reviewed and defined enabling technologies for organic synthesis in: A. Kirschning, W. Solodenko, K. Mennecke, Chem. Eur. J. 2006, 12, 5972-5990.
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[1])
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[1]).
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11
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77955363346
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For All Reactions Described, Leaching Values Were Determined for Fe, Cr and Ni, Respectively, by Using ICP-OES Analysis: Average Values for Fe: 4.15 Ppm; Cr: 1.75 Ppm; Ni: 0.15 Ppm
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For all reactions described, leaching values were determined for Fe, Cr and Ni, respectively, by using ICP-OES analysis: Average values for Fe: 4.15 ppm; Cr: 1.75 ppm; Ni: 0.15 ppm.
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(Eds.: T. Wirth), Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, chapter 4.2
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0343145601
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for MagTrieve™;
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When two identical fixed-bed reactors are employed in a parallel setup, the flow can be switched to the second reactor once the oxidant inside the first flow reactor is exhausted. This reactor can then be reactivated; see also: R. Lee, D. Donald, Tetrahedron Lett. 1997, 38, 3857 - 3860 for MagTrieve™;
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Lee, R.1
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33947479742
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2. In an integrated, flow system the LC-online determination can be used to determine, when the oxidant is exhausted, and the reactor has to be exchanged
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2. In an integrated, flow system the LC-online determination can be used to determine, when the oxidant is exhausted, and the reactor has to be exchanged.
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77955377088
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[1])
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[1]).
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25
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77955365079
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It has to be noted, that the stream of reactants is rapidly heated within the first cm of the reactor until the solution reaches the desired temperature. After that first zone dispersion is kept to a minimum. Furthermore, the design of the inductor allowed maximum homogeneity of the magnetic field inside the flow reactor, which guarantees homogeneous heating conditions all through the reactor
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It has to be noted, that the stream of reactants is rapidly heated within the first cm of the reactor until the solution reaches the desired temperature. After that first zone dispersion is kept to a minimum. Furthermore, the design of the inductor allowed maximum homogeneity of the magnetic field inside the flow reactor, which guarantees homogeneous heating conditions all through the reactor.
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a) Androst-4-ene-3,17-dione (5), see: M. L. Almeida, P. Kocovsky, J.-E. Bäckvall, J. Org. Chem. 1996, 61, 6587-6590;
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0001387337
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b) 3-phenylpropiolaldehyde (7), see: M. Noro, T. Masuda, A. S. Ichimura, N. Koga, H. Iwamura, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1994, 116, 6179;
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32
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77955394802
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3-phenylpropenai
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c) 3-phenylpropenai
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33
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0000642474
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see: A. Gangloff, T. M. Judge, H. Paul, J. Org. Chem. 1990, 4, 3679-3682;
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Gangloff, A.1
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34
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77955398437
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2-methoxybenzonitrile
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d.) 2-methoxybenzonitrile
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36
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77955376014
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3,4-dimethoxybenzonitrile
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e) 3,4-dimethoxybenzonitrile
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37
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0000424614
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see: S. Murahashi, T. Naota, N. J Nakajima, J. Org. Chem. 1986, 51, 898-901;
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Murahashi, S.1
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38
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77955370435
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2-phenylchrornen-4-oňe
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f) 2-phenylchrornen-4-oňe
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-
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39
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77955362245
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see: S. Cui, X. Lin, Y. Wang, Org. Lett. 2006, 8, 3315-3318.
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Cui, S.1
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