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Volumn 14, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 1032-1036

Risk assessment of potentially genotoxic impurities within the framework of quality by design

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DESIGN SPACES; DETECTION METHODS; GENOTOXIC IMPURITIES; MULTI VARIATE ANALYSIS; POTENTIAL IMPACTS; QUALITY BY DESIGNS; TOXICOLOGICAL TESTING;

EID: 77955347744     PISSN: 10836160     EISSN: 1520586X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/op900338g     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (31)

References (22)
  • 4
    • 55849151593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EMEA Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use, CPMP/SWP/5199: London, England.
    • Guideline on the Limits of Genotoxic Impurities; EMEA Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use, CPMP/SWP/5199: London, England, 2006.
    • (2006) Guideline on the Limits of Genotoxic Impurities
  • 5
    • 77955411749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subpart B: Food Additive Safety, Section 170.39: Threshold of Regulation for Substances Used in Food-Contact Articles, Revised April 1, 2007
    • Title 21, Food and Drugs; Office of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration: Washington, DC,; Chapter 1, Vol.
    • Subpart B: Food Additive Safety, Section 170.39: Threshold of Regulation for Substances Used in Food-Contact Articles, Revised April 1, 2007. Code of Federal Regulations; Title 21, Food and Drugs; Office of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration: Washington, DC, 2007; Chapter 1, Vol. 3.
    • (2007) Code of Federal Regulations , vol.3
  • 12
    • 77955392664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The approach described in this paper is likely similar to others industry wide. In designing this methodology, focus was directed at generating strong process understanding through the use of QbD whereby robust control points can be identified, thus ensuring patient safety.
    • The approach described in this paper is likely similar to others industry wide. In designing this methodology, focus was directed at generating strong process understanding through the use of QbD whereby robust control points can be identified, thus ensuring patient safety.
  • 13
  • 14
    • 77955342764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The following are definitions for observed and potential impurities. Observed impurity: impurity detected in isolated batches of starting material, intermediate, or API. Potential impurity: impurity seen during process, but not detected in starting material, intermediate, or API
    • The following are definitions for observed and potential impurities. Observed impurity: impurity detected in isolated batches of starting material, intermediate, or API. Potential impurity: impurity seen during process, but not detected in starting material, intermediate, or API
  • 15
    • 77955351017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alternatively, one could perform the appropriate genotoxicity assays on these higher-risk PGIs prior to conducting further studies. If negative in these assays, no further work would be required. If positive, however, agencies would likely require their specification in the API. Under our approach, if the PGI is ultimately deemed noncritical, specification in the API would not be necessary, thus avoiding longer-term low-level detection requirements during commercial production.
    • Alternatively, one could perform the appropriate genotoxicity assays on these higher-risk PGIs prior to conducting further studies. If negative in these assays, no further work would be required. If positive, however, agencies would likely require their specification in the API. Under our approach, if the PGI is ultimately deemed noncritical, specification in the API would not be necessary, thus avoiding longer-term low-level detection requirements during commercial production.
  • 16
    • 77955374688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For discussions on the mechanistic pathway of nitroaromatic hydrogenation chemistry, please see
    • For discussions on the mechanistic pathway of nitroaromatic hydrogenation chemistry, please see
  • 18
    • 77955385600 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The design spaces for the crystallization and isolation procedures were evaluated separately.
    • The design spaces for the crystallization and isolation procedures were evaluated separately.
  • 19
    • 77955369252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For information on multiple regression analysis, please see
    • For information on multiple regression analysis, please see


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.