Microindentation test for assessing the mechanical properties of silicone rubber exposed to a simulated polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell environment

Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology

Volumn 6, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 0410171-0410179

  Tan, Jinzhu ^a   Chao, Y J ^b   Li, Xiaodong ^b   Van Zee, J W ^b  

^a NANJING TECH UNIVERSITY   (China)

^b The Department of Mechanical Engineering   (United States)

Author keywords

DMA; Environment; Fuel cell; Mechanical properties; Microindentation; Silicone rubber material

Indexed keywords

ACIDIC ENVIRONMENT; BEFORE AND AFTER; COMPRESSIVE LOADS; DMA; ELASTOMERIC MATERIALS; ELECTROCHEMICAL PERFORMANCE; GASKET MATERIALS; HERTZ CONTACT MODEL; HUMID AIR; INDENTATION DEFORMATION; INDENTATION LOAD; LOADING AND UNLOADING; MECHANICAL DEGRADATION; MICRO INDENTATION; MICRO-INDENTATION TESTS; MICROINDENTATION METHOD; PEM FUEL CELL; POLYMER ELECTROLYTE MEMBRANE FUEL CELLS; SILICONE RUBBER; SIMULATED ENVIRONMENT; TEST SAMPLES; TWO-TEMPERATURE;

BIOMECHANICS; CHEMICAL STABILITY; DEGRADATION; DYNAMIC ANALYSIS; DYNAMIC MECHANICAL ANALYSIS; ELASTIC MODULI; ELASTOMERS; END EFFECTORS; GASKETS; MACHINERY; MATERIALS PROPERTIES; POLYELECTROLYTES; PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL CELLS (PEMFC); RUBBER; SILICONES; UNLOADING;

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES;

EID: 77955296373     PISSN: 1550624X     EISSN: 15516989     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1115/1.3008030     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. ASTM D412, 1998, Standard Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic Elasomers-Tension.
2. ASTM D6147, 1997, Test Method for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic Elastomer-Determination of Force Decay (Stress Relaxation) in Compression.
3. ASTM D2240, 2005, Standard Test Method for Rubber Property - Durometer Hardness.
4. Giannakopoulos, A. E., and Triantafyllou, A., 2007, "Spherical Indentation of Incompressible Rubber-Like Materials," J. Mech. Phys. Solids, 55, pp. 1196-1211.
5. Li, X., An, Y. H., Wu, Y. D., Song, Y. C., Chao, Y. J., and Chien, C. H., 2007, "Microindentation Test for Assessing the Mechanical Properties of Cartilaginous Tissues," J. Biomed. Mater. Res., Part B: Appl. Biomater., 80B, pp. 25-31.
6. Petit, F., Vandeneede, V., and Cambier, F., 2007, "Relevance of Instrumented Microindentation for the Assessment of Hardness and Young's Modulus of Brittle Materials," Mater. Sci. Eng., A, 456(1-2), pp. 252-260.
7. Boersma, A., Soloukhin, V. A., Brokken-Zijp, J. C. M., and With, G. D., 2004, "Load and Depth Sensing Indentation as a Tool to Monitor a Gradient in the Mechanical Properties Across a Polymer Coating: A Study of Physical and Chemical Aging Effects," J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys., 42, pp. 1628-1639.
8. Kohl, J. G., and Bolstes, R. N., 2001, "A Study on the Elastic Modulus of Silicone Duplex or Bi-Layer Coatings Using Micro-Indentation," Prog. Org. Coat., 41, pp. 135-141.
9. Li, Z., Brokken-Zijp, J. C. M., and With, G. D., 2004, "Determination of the Elastic Moduli of Silicone Rubber Coatings and Films Using Depth-Sensing Indentation," Polymer, 45, pp. 5403-5406.
10. Scott, O. N., Begley, M. R., Komaragiri, U., and Mackin, T. J., 2004, "Indentation of Freestanding Circular Elastomer Films Using Spherical Indenters," Acta Mater., 52(16), pp. 4877-4885.
11. Begley, M. R., and Mackin, T. J., 2004, "Spherical Indentation of Freestanding Circular Thin Films in the Membrane Regime," J. Mech. Phys. Solids, 52(9), pp. 2005-2023.
12. Lim, Y. Y., and Chaudhri, M. M., 2006, "Indentation of Elastic Solids With a Rigid Vickers Pyramidal Indenter," Mech. Mater., 38, pp. 1213-1228.
13. Vriend, N. M., and Kren, A. P., 2004, "Determination of the Viscoelastic Properties of Elastomeric Materials by the Dynamic Indentation Method," Polym. Test., 23, pp. 369-375.
14. Gupta, S., Carrillo, F., Li, C., Pruitt, L., and Puttlitz, C., 2007, "Adhesive Forces Significantly Affect Modulus Determination of Soft Polymeric Materials in Nanoindentation," Mater. Lett., 61, pp. 448-451.
15. Yin, Y., Ling, S. F., and Liu, Y., 2004, "A Dynamic Indentation Method for Characterizing Soft Incompressible Viscoelastic Materials," Mater. Sci. Eng., A, 379, pp. 334-340.
16. Mina, M. F., Ania, F., Balta Calleja, F. J., and Asano, T., 2004, "Microhardness Studies of PMMA/Natural Rubber Blends," J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 91(1), pp. 205-210.
17. Lim, Y. Y., and Chaudhri, M. M., 2004, "Indentation of Elastic Solids With Rigid Cones," Philos. Mag., 84(27), pp. 2877-2903.
18. Lim, Y. Y., and Chaudhri, M. M., 2003, "Experimental Investigations of the Normal Loading of Elastic Spherical and Conical Indenters on to Elastic Flats," Philos. Mag., 83(30), pp. 3427-3462.
19. Zhu, S., Chan, C., and Mai, Y., 2004, "Micromechanical Properties on the Surface of PVC/SBR Blends Spatially Resolved by a Nanoindentation Technique," Polym. Eng. Sci., 44(3), pp. 609-614.
20. Busfield, J. J. C., and Thomas, A. G., 1999, "Indentation Tests on Elastomer Blocks," Rubber Chem. Technol., 72(5), pp. 876-894.
21. Vanlandingham, M. R., Chang, N. K., White, C. C., and Chang, S. H., 2005, "Viscoelastic Characterization Polymers Using Instrumented Indentation. I. Quasi-Static Testing," J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys., 43(14), pp. 1794-1811.
22. Tan, J., Chao, Y. J., Li, X., and Van Zee, J. W., 2007, "Degradation of Silicone Rubber Under Compression in a Simulated PEM Fuel Cell Environment," J. Power Sources, 172, pp. 782-789.
23. Schulze, M., Knori, T., Schneider, A., and Gulzow, E., 2004, "Degradation of Sealings for PEFC Test Cells During Fuel Cell Operation," J. Power Sources, 127(1-2), pp. 222-229.
24. Dillard, D. A., Gao, S., Ellis, M. W., Lesko, J. J., Dillard, J. G., Sayre, J., and Vijayendran, B., 2004, "Seals and Sealants in PEM Fuel Cell Environments: Material, Design and Durability Challenges," Second International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology, Rochester, NY, pp. 553-560.
25. Mark, J., Ngai, K., Graessley, W., Mandelkern, L., Samulski, E., Koenig, J., and Wignall, G., 2004, Physical Properties of Polymers, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
26. Ferry, J. D., 1961, Viscoelastic Properties of Polymers, Wiley, New York.
27. Mennard, K. P., 1999, Dynamic Mechanical Analysis: A Practical Introduction, CRC, New York.
28. Johnson, K. L., 1985, Contact Mechanics, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
29. Tan, J., Chao, Y. J., Van Zee, J. W., and Lee, W. K., 2007, "Degradation of Elastic Gasket Materials in PEM Fuel Cells," Mater. Sci. Eng., A, 445-446, pp. 669-675.
30. Li, X., and Bhushan, B., 2002, "A Review of Nanoindentation Continuous Stiffness Measurement Technique and Its Applications," Mater. Charact., 48, pp. 11-36.
31. Bhushan, B., and Li, X., 2003, "Nanomechanical Characterization of Solid Surfaces and Thin Films," Int. Mater. Rev., 48(3), pp. 125-164.
32. Oliver, W. C., and Pharr, G. M., 1992, "An Improved Technique for Determining Hardness and Elastic-Modulus Using Load and Displacement Sensing Indentation Experiments," J. Mater. Res., 7(6), pp. 1564-1580.