메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 16, Issue 5, 2010, Pages 426-431

Predicting warfarin dose

Author keywords

algorithm; CYP2C9; pharmacogenetics; prediction; VKORC1; warfarin

Indexed keywords

WARFARIN;

EID: 77955269724     PISSN: 10705287     EISSN: 15316971     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/MCP.0b013e32833b1c6c     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (11)

References (62)
  • 1
    • 45949103309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacology and management of the vitamin K antagonists: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines (8th Edition)
    • DOI 10.1378/chest.08-0670
    • Ansell J, Hirsh J, Hylek E, et al. Pharmacology and management of the vitamin K antagonists: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines (8th Edition). Chest 2008; 133:160S-198S. (Pubitemid 351892967)
    • (2008) Chest , vol.133 , Issue.6 SUPPL. 6
    • Ansell, J.1    Hirsh, J.2    Hylek, E.3    Jacobson, A.4    Crowther, M.5    Palareti, G.6
  • 2
    • 4644332692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Frequency and causes of overanticoagulation and underanticoagulation in patients treated with warfarin
    • Wittkowsky AK, Devine EB. Frequency and causes of overanticoagulation and underanticoagulation in patients treated with warfarin. Pharmacotherapy 2004; 24:1311-1316.
    • (2004) Pharmacotherapy , vol.24 , pp. 1311-1316
    • Wittkowsky, A.K.1    Devine, E.B.2
  • 3
    • 77955273266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Warfarin (Coumadin1) prescribing information
    • January
    • Warfarin (Coumadin1) prescribing information. Food and Drug Administration, January 2010.
    • (2010) Food and Drug Administration
  • 4
    • 21844479850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Warfarin maintenance dosing patterns in clinical practice: Implications for safer anticoagulation in the elderly population
    • Garcia D, Regan S, Crowther M, et al. Warfarin maintenance dosing patterns in clinical practice: implications for safer anticoagulation in the elderly population. Chest 2005; 127:2049-2056.
    • (2005) Chest , vol.127 , pp. 2049-2056
    • Garcia, D.1    Regan, S.2    Crowther, M.3
  • 5
    • 0032481644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acetaminophen and other risk factors for excessive warfarin anticoagulation
    • Hylek EM, Heiman H, Skates SJ, et al. Acetaminophen and other risk factors for excessive warfarin anticoagulation. J Am Med Assoc 1998; 279:657-662.
    • (1998) J Am Med Assoc , vol.279 , pp. 657-662
    • Hylek, E.M.1    Heiman, H.2    Skates, S.J.3
  • 6
    • 0027097571 scopus 로고
    • Aging and the anticoagulant response to warfarin therapy
    • Gurwitz JH, Avorn J, Ross-Degnan D, et al. Aging and the anticoagulant response to warfarin therapy. Ann Intern Med 1992; 116:901-904.
    • (1992) Ann Intern Med , vol.116 , pp. 901-904
    • Gurwitz, J.H.1    Avorn, J.2    Ross-Degnan, D.3
  • 7
    • 1542782670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of pharmacogenetics and clinical factors to predict the maintenance dose of warfarin
    • Gage BF, Eby C, Milligan PE, et al. Use of pharmacogenetics and clinical factors to predict the maintenance dose of warfarin. Thromb Haemost 2004; 91:87-94.
    • (2004) Thromb Haemost , vol.91 , pp. 87-94
    • Gage, B.F.1    Eby, C.2    Milligan, P.E.3
  • 8
    • 0021249057 scopus 로고
    • Flexible induction dose regimen for warfarin and prediction of maintenance dose
    • Fennerty A, Dolben J, Thomas P, et al. Flexible induction dose regimen for warfarin and prediction of maintenance dose. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1984; 288:1268-1270.
    • (1984) Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) , vol.288 , pp. 1268-1270
    • Fennerty, A.1    Dolben, J.2    Thomas, P.3
  • 9
    • 0037329142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized trial of initial warfarin dosing based on simple clinical criteria
    • Shine D, Patel J, Kumar J, et al. A randomized trial of initial warfarin dosing based on simple clinical criteria. Thromb Haemost 2003; 89:297-304.
    • (2003) Thromb Haemost , vol.89 , pp. 297-304
    • Shine, D.1    Patel, J.2    Kumar, J.3
  • 10
    • 0033608466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of polymorphisms in the cytochrome P450 CYP2C9 with warfarin dose requirement and risk of bleeding complications
    • Aithal GP, Day CP, Kesteven PJ, Daly AK. Association of polymorphisms in the cytochrome P450 CYP2C9 with warfarin dose requirement and risk of bleeding complications. Lancet 1999; 353:717-719.
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.353 , pp. 717-719
    • Aithal, G.P.1    Day, C.P.2    Kesteven, P.J.3    Daly, A.K.4
  • 11
    • 0037012465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between CYP2C9 genetic variants and anticoagulation-related outcomes during warfarin therapy
    • Higashi MK, Veenstra DL, Kondo LM, et al. Association between CYP2C9 genetic variants and anticoagulation-related outcomes during warfarin therapy. J Am Med Assoc 2002; 287:1690-1698.
    • (2002) J Am Med Assoc , vol.287 , pp. 1690-1698
    • Higashi, M.K.1    Veenstra, D.L.2    Kondo, L.M.3
  • 12
    • 40449120615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic determinants of response to warfarin during initial anticoagulation
    • Schwarz UI, Ritchie MD, Bradford Y, et al. Genetic determinants of response to warfarin during initial anticoagulation. N Engl J Med 2008; 358:999-1008.
    • (2008) N Engl J Med , vol.358 , pp. 999-1008
    • Schwarz, U.I.1    Ritchie, M.D.2    Bradford, Y.3
  • 13
    • 11244332058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A polymorphism in the VKORC1 gene is associated with an interindividual variability in the dose-anticoagulant effect of warfarin
    • DAndrea G, DAmbrosio RL, Di PP, et al. A polymorphism in the VKORC1 gene is associated with an interindividual variability in the dose-anticoagulant effect of warfarin. Blood 2005; 105:645-649.
    • (2005) Blood , vol.105 , pp. 645-649
    • Dandrea, G.1    Dambrosio, R.L.2    Di, P.P.3
  • 14
    • 21144448879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of VKORC1 haplotypes on transcriptional regulation and warfarin dose
    • Rieder MJ, Reiner AP, Gage BF, et al. Effect of VKORC1 haplotypes on transcriptional regulation and warfarin dose. N Engl J Med 2005; 352:2285-2293.
    • (2005) N Engl J Med , vol.352 , pp. 2285-2293
    • Rieder, M.J.1    Reiner, A.P.2    Gage, B.F.3
  • 15
    • 0028210729 scopus 로고
    • Impaired (S)-warfarin metabolism catalysed by the R144C allelic variant of CYP2C9
    • Rettie AE, Wienkers LC, Gonzalez FJ, et al. Impaired (S)-warfarin metabolism catalysed by the R144C allelic variant of CYP2C9. Pharmacogenetics 1994; 4:39-42.
    • (1994) Pharmacogenetics , vol.4 , pp. 39-42
    • Rettie, A.E.1    Wienkers, L.C.2    Gonzalez, F.J.3
  • 16
    • 1142274548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of the gene for vitamin K epoxide reductase
    • Li T, Chang CY, Jin DY, et al. Identification of the gene for vitamin K epoxide reductase. Nature 2004; 427:541-544.
    • (2004) Nature , vol.427 , pp. 541-544
    • Li, T.1    Chang, C.Y.2    Jin, D.Y.3
  • 17
    • 10744228888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutations in VKORC1 cause warfarin resistance and multiple coagulation factor deficiency type 2
    • Rost S, Fregin A, Ivaskevicius V, et al. Mutations in VKORC1 cause warfarin resistance and multiple coagulation factor deficiency type 2. Nature 2004; 427:537-541.
    • (2004) Nature , vol.427 , pp. 537-541
    • Rost, S.1    Fregin, A.2    Ivaskevicius, V.3
  • 18
    • 23644437525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Common VKORC1 and GGCX polymorphisms associated with warfarin dose
    • Wadelius M, Chen LY, Downes K, et al. Common VKORC1 and GGCX polymorphisms associated with warfarin dose. Pharmacogenomics J 2005; 5:262-270.
    • (2005) Pharmacogenomics J , vol.5 , pp. 262-270
    • Wadelius, M.1    Chen, L.Y.2    Downes, K.3
  • 19
    • 42149188553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CYP4F2 genetic variant alters required warfarin dose
    • Caldwell MD, Awad T, Johnson JA, et al. CYP4F2 genetic variant alters required warfarin dose. Blood 2008; 111:4106-4112.
    • (2008) Blood , vol.111 , pp. 4106-4112
    • Caldwell, M.D.1    Awad, T.2    Johnson, J.A.3
  • 20
    • 63449117825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Genome-wide association study confirms VKORC1, CYP2C9, and CYP4F2 as principal genetic determinants of warfarin dose
    • Takeuchi F, McGinnis R, Bourgeois S, et al. A Genome-wide association study confirms VKORC1, CYP2C9, and CYP4F2 as principal genetic determinants of warfarin dose. PLoS Genet 2009; 5:e1000433.
    • (2009) PLoS Genet , vol.5
    • Takeuchi, F.1    McGinnis, R.2    Bourgeois, S.3
  • 21
    • 51649110496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A genome-wide scan for common genetic variants with a large influence on warfarin maintenance dose
    • Cooper GM, Johnson JA, Langaee TY, et al. A genome-wide scan for common genetic variants with a large influence on warfarin maintenance dose. Blood 2008; 112:1022-1027.
    • (2008) Blood , vol.112 , pp. 1022-1027
    • Cooper, G.M.1    Johnson, J.A.2    Langaee, T.Y.3
  • 22
    • 70349571987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic and environmental factors determining clinical outcomes and cost of warfarin therapy: A prospective study
    • Jorgensen AL, Al-Zubiedi S, Zhang JE, et al. Genetic and environmental factors determining clinical outcomes and cost of warfarin therapy: a prospective study. Pharmacogenet Genom 2009; 19:800-812.
    • (2009) Pharmacogenet Genom , vol.19 , pp. 800-812
    • Jorgensen, A.L.1    Al-Zubiedi, S.2    Zhang, J.E.3
  • 23
    • 59649117935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The largest prospective warfarin-treated cohort supports genetic forecasting
    • Wadelius M, Chen LY, Lindh JD, et al. The largest prospective warfarin-treated cohort supports genetic forecasting. Blood 2009; 113:784-792.
    • (2009) Blood , vol.113 , pp. 784-792
    • Wadelius, M.1    Chen, L.Y.2    Lindh, J.D.3
  • 24
    • 51749118719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of race/ethnicity on the efficacy of warfarin: Potential implications for prevention of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation
    • Shen AY, Chen W, Yao JF, et al. Effect of race/ethnicity on the efficacy of warfarin: potential implications for prevention of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation. CNS Drugs 2008; 22:815-825.
    • (2008) CNS Drugs , vol.22 , pp. 815-825
    • Shen, A.Y.1    Chen, W.2    Yao, J.F.3
  • 25
    • 56549125038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacogenetics of warfarin: Development of a dosing algorithm for Brazilian patients
    • Perini JA, Struchiner CJ, Silva-Assuncao E, et al. Pharmacogenetics of warfarin: development of a dosing algorithm for Brazilian patients. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2008; 84:722-728.
    • (2008) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.84 , pp. 722-728
    • Perini, J.A.1    Struchiner, C.J.2    Silva-Assuncao, E.3
  • 26
    • 44949234553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 on warfarin dose, anticoagulation attainment and maintenance among European-Americans and African-Americans
    • Limdi NA, Arnett DK, Goldstein JA, et al. Influence of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 on warfarin dose, anticoagulation attainment and maintenance among European-Americans and African-Americans. Pharmacogenomics 2008; 9:511-526.
    • (2008) Pharmacogenomics , vol.9 , pp. 511-526
    • Limdi, N.A.1    Arnett, D.K.2    Goldstein, J.A.3
  • 27
    • 42449136621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dosing algorithm for warfarin using CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genotyping from a multiethnic population: Comparison with other equations
    • Wu AH, Wang P, Smith A, et al. Dosing algorithm for warfarin using CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genotyping from a multiethnic population: comparison with other equations. Pharmacogenomics 2008; 9:169-178.
    • (2008) Pharmacogenomics , vol.9 , pp. 169-178
    • Wu, A.H.1    Wang, P.2    Smith, A.3
  • 28
    • 40749123052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Warfarin pharmacogenetics: CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genotypes predict different sensitivity and resistance frequencies in the Ashkenazi and Sephardi Jewish populations
    • Scott SA, Edelmann L, Kornreich R, Desnick RJ. Warfarin pharmacogenetics: CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genotypes predict different sensitivity and resistance frequencies in the Ashkenazi and Sephardi Jewish populations. Am J Hum Genet 2008; 82:495-500.
    • (2008) Am J Hum Genet , vol.82 , pp. 495-500
    • Scott, S.A.1    Edelmann, L.2    Kornreich, R.3    Desnick, R.J.4
  • 29
    • 37349123273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors influencing warfarin dose requirements in African-Americans
    • Momary KM, Shapiro NL, Viana MA, et al. Factors influencing warfarin dose requirements in African-Americans. Pharmacogenomics 2007; 8:1535-1544.
    • (2007) Pharmacogenomics , vol.8 , pp. 1535-1544
    • Momary, K.M.1    Shapiro, N.L.2    Viana, M.A.3
  • 30
    • 33947587270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Warfarin and cytochrome P450 2C9 genotype: Possible ethnic variation in warfarin sensitivity
    • Kealey C, Chen Z, Christie J, et al. Warfarin and cytochrome P450 2C9 genotype: possible ethnic variation in warfarin sensitivity. Pharmacogenomics 2007; 8:217-225.
    • (2007) Pharmacogenomics , vol.8 , pp. 217-225
    • Kealey, C.1    Chen, Z.2    Christie, J.3
  • 31
    • 33749239835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A warfarin-dosing model in Asians that uses single-nucleotide polymorphisms in vitamin K epoxide reductase complex and cytochrome P450 2C9
    • Tham LS, Goh BC, Nafziger A, et al. A warfarin-dosing model in Asians that uses single-nucleotide polymorphisms in vitamin K epoxide reductase complex and cytochrome P450 2C9. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2006; 80:346-355.
    • (2006) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.80 , pp. 346-355
    • Tham, L.S.1    Goh, B.C.2    Nafziger, A.3
  • 32
    • 23044440450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genetic polymorphism and patient characteristics upon warfarin dose requirements: Proposal for a new dosing regimen
    • Sconce EA, Khan TI, Wynne HA, et al. The impact of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genetic polymorphism and patient characteristics upon warfarin dose requirements: proposal for a new dosing regimen. Blood 2005; 106:2329-2333.
    • (2005) Blood , vol.106 , pp. 2329-2333
    • Sconce, E.A.1    Khan, T.I.2    Wynne, H.A.3
  • 33
    • 34547138943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of genetic factors for warfarin dose prediction
    • Caldwell MD, Berg RL, Zhang KQ, et al. Evaluation of genetic factors for warfarin dose prediction. Clin Med Res 2007; 5:8-16.
    • (2007) Clin Med Res , vol.5 , pp. 8-16
    • Caldwell, M.D.1    Berg, R.L.2    Zhang, K.Q.3
  • 34
    • 35748965297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimal initial dose adjustment of warfarin in orthopedic patients
    • Lenzini PA, Grice GR, Milligan PE, et al. Optimal initial dose adjustment of warfarin in orthopedic patients. Ann Pharmacother 2007; 41:1798-1804.
    • (2007) Ann Pharmacother , vol.41 , pp. 1798-1804
    • Lenzini, P.A.1    Grice, G.R.2    Milligan, P.E.3
  • 35
    • 34548822941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic-based dosing in orthopedic patients beginning warfarin therapy
    • Millican EA, Lenzini PA, Milligan PE, et al. Genetic-based dosing in orthopedic patients beginning warfarin therapy. Blood 2007; 110:1511-1515.
    • (2007) Blood , vol.110 , pp. 1511-1515
    • Millican, E.A.1    Lenzini, P.A.2    Milligan, P.E.3
  • 36
    • 31344451857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Different contributions of polymorphisms in VKORC1 and CYP2C9 to intra-and inter-population differences in maintenance dose of warfarin in Japanese, Caucasians and African-Americans
    • Takahashi H, Wilkinson GR, Nutescu EA, et al. Different contributions of polymorphisms in VKORC1 and CYP2C9 to intra-and inter-population differences in maintenance dose of warfarin in Japanese, Caucasians and African-Americans. Pharmacogenet Genom 2006; 16:101-110.
    • (2006) Pharmacogenet Genom , vol.16 , pp. 101-110
    • Takahashi, H.1    Wilkinson, G.R.2    Nutescu, E.A.3
  • 37
    • 36549030324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized trial of genotypeguided versus standard warfarin dosing in patients initiating oral anticoagulation
    • Anderson JL, Horne BD, Stevens SM, et al. Randomized trial of genotypeguided versus standard warfarin dosing in patients initiating oral anticoagulation. Circulation 2007; 116:2563-2570.
    • (2007) Circulation , vol.116 , pp. 2563-2570
    • Anderson, J.L.1    Horne, B.D.2    Stevens, S.M.3
  • 38
    • 36148985283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contribution of age, body weight, and CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genotype to the anticoagulant response to warfarin: Proposal for a new dosing regimen in Chinese patients
    • Miao L, Yang J, Huang C, Shen Z. Contribution of age, body weight, and CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genotype to the anticoagulant response to warfarin: proposal for a new dosing regimen in Chinese patients. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2007; 63:1135-1141.
    • (2007) Eur J Clin Pharmacol , vol.63 , pp. 1135-1141
    • Miao, L.1    Yang, J.2    Huang, C.3    Shen, Z.4
  • 39
    • 34347403221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimation of warfarin maintenance dose based on VKORC1 (-1639 G>A) and CYP2C9 genotypes
    • Zhu Y, Shennan M, Reynolds KK, et al. Estimation of warfarin maintenance dose based on VKORC1 (-1639 G>A) and CYP2C9 genotypes. Clin Chem 2007; 53:1199-1205.
    • (2007) Clin Chem , vol.53 , pp. 1199-1205
    • Zhu, Y.1    Shennan, M.2    Reynolds, K.K.3
  • 40
    • 47949086046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of pharmacogenetic and clinical factors to predict the therapeutic dose of warfarin
    • Gage BF, Eby C, Johnson JA, et al. Use of pharmacogenetic and clinical factors to predict the therapeutic dose of warfarin. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2008; 84:326-331.
    • (2008) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.84 , pp. 326-331
    • Gage, B.F.1    Eby, C.2    Johnson, J.A.3
  • 41
    • 60849097257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimation of the warfarin dose with clinical and pharmacogenetic data
    • The International Warfarin Pharmacogenetics Consortium
    • The International Warfarin Pharmacogenetics Consortium. Estimation of the warfarin dose with clinical and pharmacogenetic data. N Engl J Med 2009; 360:753-764.
    • (2009) N Engl J Med , vol.360 , pp. 753-764
  • 42
    • 33646459330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of sequence variations in factor VII, gamma-glutamyl carboxylase and vitamin K epoxide reductase complex genes on warfarin dose requirement
    • Herman D, Peternel P, Stegnar M, et al. The influence of sequence variations in factor VII, gamma-glutamyl carboxylase and vitamin K epoxide reductase complex genes on warfarin dose requirement. Thromb Haemost 2006; 95:782-787.
    • (2006) Thromb Haemost , vol.95 , pp. 782-787
    • Herman, D.1    Peternel, P.2    Stegnar, M.3
  • 43
    • 77951758756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation and comparison of pharmacogenetics-based warfarin dosing algorithms for application of pharmacogenetic testing
    • Roper N, Storer B, Bona R, Fang M. Validation and comparison of pharmacogenetics-based warfarin dosing algorithms for application of pharmacogenetic testing. J Mol Diagn 2010; 12:283-291.
    • (2010) J Mol Diagn , vol.12 , pp. 283-291
    • Roper, N.1    Storer, B.2    Bona, R.3    Fang, M.4
  • 44
    • 39449086981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CYP2C9 genotype-guided warfarin prescribing enhances the efficacy and safety of anticoagulation: A prospective randomized controlled study
    • Caraco Y, Blotnick S, Muszkat M. CYP2C9 genotype-guided warfarin prescribing enhances the efficacy and safety of anticoagulation: a prospective randomized controlled study. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2007; 83:460-470.
    • (2007) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.83 , pp. 460-470
    • Caraco, Y.1    Blotnick, S.2    Muszkat, M.3
  • 45
    • 27744485315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Prospective, randomized pilot trial of model-based warfarin dose initiation using CYP2C9 genotype and clinical data
    • Hillman MA, Wilke RA, Yale SH, et al. A Prospective, randomized pilot trial of model-based warfarin dose initiation using CYP2C9 genotype and clinical data. Clin Med Res 2005; 3:137-145.
    • (2005) Clin Med Res , vol.3 , pp. 137-145
    • Hillman, M.A.1    Wilke, R.A.2    Yale, S.H.3
  • 46
    • 20144387370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective dosing of warfarin based on cytochrome P-450 2C9 genotype
    • Voora D, Eby C, Linder MW, et al. Prospective dosing of warfarin based on cytochrome P-450 2C9 genotype. Thromb Haemost 2005; 93:700-705.
    • (2005) Thromb Haemost , vol.93 , pp. 700-705
    • Voora, D.1    Eby, C.2    Linder, M.W.3
  • 47
    • 77953745542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative performance of genebased warfarin dosing algorithms in a multiethnic population
    • Lubitz SA, Scott SA, Rothlauf EB, et al. Comparative performance of genebased warfarin dosing algorithms in a multiethnic population. J Thromb Haemost 2010; 8:1018-1026.
    • (2010) J Thromb Haemost , vol.8 , pp. 1018-1026
    • Lubitz, S.A.1    Scott, S.A.2    Rothlauf, E.B.3
  • 48
    • 0038750759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of 10-mg and 5-mg warfarin initiation nomograms together with low-molecular-weight heparin for outpatient treatment of acute venous thromboembolism. A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial
    • Kovacs MJ, Rodger M, Anderson DR, et al. Comparison of 10-mg and 5-mg warfarin initiation nomograms together with low-molecular-weight heparin for outpatient treatment of acute venous thromboembolism. A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med 2003; 138: 714-719.
    • (2003) Ann Intern Med , vol.138 , pp. 714-719
    • Kovacs, M.J.1    Rodger, M.2    Anderson, D.R.3
  • 49
    • 67649888318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A 10 mg warfarin initiation nomogram is safe and effective in outpatients starting oral anticoagulant therapy for venous thromboembolism
    • Monkman K, Lazo-Langner A, Kovacs MJ. A 10 mg warfarin initiation nomogram is safe and effective in outpatients starting oral anticoagulant therapy for venous thromboembolism. Thromb Res 2009; 124:275-280.
    • (2009) Thromb Res , vol.124 , pp. 275-280
    • Monkman, K.1    Lazo-Langner, A.2    Kovacs, M.J.3
  • 51
    • 65449125050 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relative contribution of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genotypes and early INR response to the prediction of warfarin sensitivity during initiation of therapy
    • Li C, Schwarz UI, Ritchie MD, et al. Relative contribution of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genotypes and early INR response to the prediction of warfarin sensitivity during initiation of therapy. Blood 2009; 113:3925-3930.
    • (2009) Blood , vol.113 , pp. 3925-3930
    • Li, C.1    Schwarz, U.I.2    Ritchie, M.D.3
  • 52
    • 0017726993 scopus 로고
    • Predicting patients warfarin requirements
    • Routledge PA, Davies DM, Bell SM, et al. Predicting patients warfarin requirements. Lancet 1977; 2:854-855.
    • (1977) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 854-855
    • Routledge, P.A.1    Davies, D.M.2    Bell, S.M.3
  • 53
    • 0021970460 scopus 로고
    • Multicenter evaluation of six methods for predicting warfarin maintenance-dose requirements from initial response
    • Sawyer WT, Poe TE, Canaday BR, et al. Multicenter evaluation of six methods for predicting warfarin maintenance-dose requirements from initial response. Clin Pharm 1985; 4:440-446.
    • (1985) Clin Pharm , vol.4 , pp. 440-446
    • Sawyer, W.T.1    Poe, T.E.2    Canaday, B.R.3
  • 55
    • 13444250994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Initiation of warfarin therapy in elderly medical inpatients: A safe and accurate regimen
    • Siguret V,Gouin I, Debray M, et al. Initiation of warfarin therapy in elderly medical inpatients: a safe and accurate regimen. Am J Med 2005; 118:137-142.
    • (2005) Am J Med , vol.118 , pp. 137-142
    • Siguret Vgouin, I.1    Debray, M.2
  • 56
    • 67949086757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting warfarin maintenance dose in patients with venous thromboembolism based on the response to a standardized warfarin initiation nomogram
    • Lazo-Langner A, Monkman K, Kovacs MJ. Predicting warfarin maintenance dose in patients with venous thromboembolism based on the response to a standardized warfarin initiation nomogram. J Thromb Haemost 2009; 7: 1276-1283.
    • (2009) J Thromb Haemost , vol.7 , pp. 1276-1283
    • Lazo-Langner, A.1    Monkman, K.2    Kovacs, M.J.3
  • 57
    • 73049115063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prediction of the warfarin maintenance dose after completion of the 10 mg initiation nomogram: Do we really need genotyping?
    • Le Gal G, Carrier M, Tierney S, et al. Prediction of the warfarin maintenance dose after completion of the 10 mg initiation nomogram: do we really need genotyping? J Thromb Haemost 2010; 8:90-94.
    • (2010) J Thromb Haemost , vol.8 , pp. 90-94
    • Le Gal, G.1    Carrier, M.2    Tierney, S.3
  • 58
    • 34548087267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of age, CYP2C9 genotype and concomitant medication on the rate of rise for prothrombin time during the first 30 days of warfarin therapy
    • Wilke RA, Berg RL, Vidaillet HJ, et al. Impact of age, CYP2C9 genotype and concomitant medication on the rate of rise for prothrombin time during the first 30 days of warfarin therapy. Clin Med Res 2005; 3:207-213.
    • (2005) Clin Med Res , vol.3 , pp. 207-213
    • Wilke, R.A.1    Berg, R.L.2    Vidaillet, H.J.3
  • 59
    • 71649099370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cost-effectiveness of genotype-guided warfarin dosing for patients with atrial fibrillation
    • Patrick AR, Avorn J, Choudhry NK. Cost-effectiveness of genotype-guided warfarin dosing for patients with atrial fibrillation. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2009; 2:429-436.
    • (2009) Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes , vol.2 , pp. 429-436
    • Patrick, A.R.1    Avorn, J.2    Choudhry, N.K.3
  • 60
    • 70349111152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cost-effectiveness of genotypeguided warfarin therapy for anticoagulation in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation
    • Leey JA, McCabe S, Koch JA, Miles TP. Cost-effectiveness of genotypeguided warfarin therapy for anticoagulation in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation. Am J Geriatr Pharmacother 2009; 7:197-203.
    • (2009) Am J Geriatr Pharmacother , vol.7 , pp. 197-203
    • Leey, J.A.1    McCabe, S.2    Koch, J.A.3    Miles, T.P.4
  • 61
    • 58749095297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cost-effectiveness of using pharmacogenetic information in warfarin dosing for patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation
    • Eckman MH, Rosand J, Greenberg SM, Gage BF. Cost-effectiveness of using pharmacogenetic information in warfarin dosing for patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Ann Intern Med 2009; 150:73-83.
    • (2009) Ann Intern Med , vol.150 , pp. 73-83
    • Eckman, M.H.1    Rosand, J.2    Greenberg, S.M.3    Gage, B.F.4
  • 62
    • 67349185332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic testing before anticoagulation? A systematic review of pharmacogenetic dosing of warfarin
    • Kangelaris KN, Bent S, Nussbaum RL, et al. Genetic testing before anticoagulation? A systematic review of pharmacogenetic dosing of warfarin. J Gen Intern Med 2009; 24:656-664.
    • (2009) J Gen Intern Med , vol.24 , pp. 656-664
    • Kangelaris, K.N.1    Bent, S.2    Nussbaum, R.L.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.