Using international human rights law to better protect victims of trafficking: The prohibitions on slavery, servitude, forced labor, and debt bondage

The Theory and Practice of International Criminal Law: Essays in Honor of M. Cherif Bassiouni

Volumn , Issue , 2008, Pages 397-430

  Gallagher, Anne ^a  

^a NONE

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EID: 77954878596     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1163/ej.9789004166318.i-448     Document Type: Chapter

References (15)

1. For a detailed account of slavery and the slave-trade during the 18th and 19th centuries, see JAMES WALVIN, BLACK IVORY: A HISTORY OF BRITISH SLAVERY (1992).
2. J.H.W. VERZIJL, INTERNATIONAL LAW IN HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE 238-60 (1976).
3. M. Cherif Bassiouni, Enslavement as an International Crime, 23 N.Y.U. J. INT'L L. & POL. 445 (1991).
4. See also Nina Lassen, Slavery and Slavery-like Practices: United Nations Standards and Implementation, 57 NORDIC J. INT'L LAW 197, 197-98 (1988) [hereinafter Lassen].
5. Ethan A. Nadelmann, Global Prohibition Regimes: the Evolution of Norms in International Society, 44 INT'L ORG. 479, 493, 497 (1990).
6. International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, G.A. Res. 2200 (XXI) art. 10, U.N. GAOR, 21st Sess., Supp. No. 16, U.N. Doc. A/6316 (Dec. 16, 1966) [hereinafter ICCPR].Statute of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) art. 5, S.C. Res. 827, U.N. Doc. S/Res/827 (Nov. 3, 1993).
7. Statute of the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) art. 3, S.C. Res. 955, U.N. Doc. S/RES/955 (Nov. 8, 1994).
8. Agreement for and Statute of the Special Court for Sierra Leone art. 2 (Jan. 16, 2002) available at http://www.sc-sl.org/scsl-statute.html.
9. Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court arts. 5(1)(b), 5(2), 6, U.N.
10. Doc. A/CONF. 183/9 (July 17, 1998) available at www.un.org/law/icc/statute/ romefra. htm [hereinafter Rome Statute].
11. M. Cherif Bassiouni, International Crimes: Jus Cogens and Obligations Erga Omnes, 59 Law & Contemp. Probs. 63 (1996).
12. Report of the Special Rapporteur on Violence Against Women, Its Causes and Consequences, U.N. Doc. E/CN.4/1997/47 (Feb. 12, 1997).
13. International Labour Conference (ILO), Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work, 86th Sess., Geneva, June 18, 1998, 37 I.L.M. 1233.
14. International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights art. 6, Dec. 16, 1966, 993 U.N.T.S. 3. The Covenant also refers, in its Article 7, to the entitlement of everyone to "just and favorable conditions of work."
15. Iverson v. Norway, 1963 Y.B. EUR. CONV. HUM. RTS. 278, 328.