Comparative evaluation of sediment trap and 234Th-derived POC fluxes from the upper oligotrophic waters of the Gulf of Mexico and the subtropical northwestern Pacific Ocean

Marine Chemistry

Volumn 121, Issue 1-4, 2010, Pages 132-144

  Hung, Chin Chang ^a,b   Xu, Chen ^a   Santschi, Peter H ^a   Zhang, Sai Jin ^a   Schwehr, Kathleen A ^a   Quigg, Antonietta ^a   Guo, Laodong ^c   Gong, Gwo Ching ^b   Pinckney, James L ^d   Long, Richard A ^d   Wei, Ching Ling ^e  

^a TEXAS A AND M UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b NATIONAL TAIWAN OCEAN UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

^c UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MISSISSIPPI   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA   (United States)

^e NATIONAL TAIWAN UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

Author keywords

234Th POC ratios; Diatoms; East China Sea; Gulf of Mexico; Haptophytes; Northwestern Pacific Ocean; POC flux; Sediment traps

Indexed keywords

BACTERIUM; BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTION; BIOMASS; CARBON FLUX; COMPARATIVE STUDY; DIATOM; OLIGOTROPHIC ENVIRONMENT; PARTICULATE ORGANIC CARBON; PHYTOPLANKTON; SEDIMENT TRAP; THORIUM ISOTOPE;

ATLANTIC OCEAN; EAST CHINA SEA; GULF OF MEXICO; PACIFIC OCEAN; PACIFIC OCEAN (NORTHWEST);

BACILLARIOPHYTA; HAPTOPHYCEAE;

EID: 77954759692     PISSN: 03044203     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.marchem.2010.03.011     Document Type: Article

References (81)

1. Antia A.N. Particle-associated dissolved elemental fluxes: revising the stochiometry of mixed layer export. Biogeosci. 2005, 2:189-204.
2. Armstrong R.A., Lee C., Hedges J.I., Honjo S., Wakeham S.G. A new, mechanistic model for organic carbon fluxes in the ocean based on the quantitative association of POC with ballast minerals. Deep Sea Research II 2001, 49:219-236.
3. 234Th measurements. Deep-Sea Res. 1996, 43:1133-1154.
4. Barber R.T. Picoplankton do some heavy lifting. Science 2007, 315:777-778.
5. Baskaran M., Murphy D.J., Santschi P.H., Orr J.C., Schink D.R. A method for rapid in situ extraction of Th, Pb and Ra isotopes from large volumes of seawater. Deep-Sea Res. 1993, 40:849-865.
6. Behrenfeld M.J., Falkowski P.G. Photosynthetic rates derived from satellite-based chlorophyll concentration. Limnol. Oceangr. 1997, 42:1-20.
7. 238U disequilibrium. Deep-Sea Res. 2001, 48:2595-2611.
8. Biggs D.C. Nutrients, plankton, and productivity in a warm-core ring in the western Gulf of Mexico. J. Geophys Res. 1992, 97(C2):2143-2154.
9. Bloesch J. Towards a new generation of sediment traps and a better measurement/understanding of settling particle flux in lakes and oceans: a hydrodynamical protocol. Aqu. Sci. 1996, 58:283-296.
10. Buesseler K.O. Do upper ocean sediment traps provide an accurate record of particle flux?. Nature 1991, 353:420-423.
11. Buesseler K.O. The decoupling of production and particulate export in the surface ocean. Glob. Biogeochem. Cycles 1998, 12:297-310.
12. 238U disequilibria. Deep-Sea Res. 1992, 39:1115-1137.
13. Buesseler K.O., Cochran J.K., Bacon M.P., Livingston H.D., Casso S.A., Hirschberg D., Hartman M.C., Fleer A.P. Determination of thorium isotopes in seawater by non-destructive and radiochemical procedures. Deep-Sea Res. 1992, 39:1103-1114.
14. Buesseler K.O., Andrews J.A., Hartman M.C., Belastock R., Chai F. Regional estimates of the export flux of particulate organic carbon derived from thorium-234 during the JGOFS EQPAC program. Deep-Sea Res. II 1995, 42:777-804.
15. 234Th as a POC flux proxy. Mar. Chem. 2006, 100:213-233.
16. Buesseler K.O., Antia A.N., Chen M., Fowler S.W., Gardner W.D., Gustafsson O., Harada K., Michaels A.F., Rutgers van der Loeff M., Sarin M., Steinberg D.K., Trull T. An assessment of the use of sediment traps for estimating upper ocean particle fluxes. J. Mar. Res. 2007, 65:345-416.
17. Burd A.B., Jackson G.A., Moran S.B. The role of the particle size spectrum in estimating POC fluxes from Th-234/U-238 disequilibrium. Deep-Sea Res. I 2007, 54:897-918.
18. Campbell L., Nolla H.A., Vaulot D. The importance of Prochlorococcus to community structure in the central North Pacific Ocean. Limnol. Oceanogr. 1994, 39:954-961.
19. Charette M.A., Moran S.B., Pike S.M., Smith J.N. Investigation the carbon cycle in the Gulf of Maine using the natural tracer thorium-234. J. Geophys. Res. 2001, 106:11553-11579.
20. 238U disequilibria. Arctic 2003, 56:32-44.
21. 238U disequilibria within the California Current. Limnol. Oceangr. 1985, 30:22-33.
22. Cochran J.K., Barnes C., Achman D., Hirschberg D.T. Thorium-234/Uranium-238 disequilibrium as an indicator of scavenging rates and particulate organic carbon fluxes in the Northeast Water Polynya, Greenland. J. Geophys. Res. 1995, 100(C3):4399-4410.
23. Cochran J.K., Buesseler K.O., Bacon M.P., et al. Short-lived thorium isotopes (Th-234, Th-228) as indicators of POC export and particle cycling in the Ross Sea, Southern Ocean. Deep-Sea Res. II 2000, 47:3451-3490.
24. 234Th in the Barents Sea. Mar. Chem. 2002, 80:11-26.
25. De La Rocha C.L., Passow U. Factors influencing the sinking of POC and the efficiency of the biological carbon pump. Deep-Sea Res. II 2007, 54:639-658.
26. Ding Y.-X., Chin W.-C., Rodriguez A., Hung C.-C., Santschi P.H., Verdugo P. Amphiphilic exopolymers from Sagitulla stellata induce self-assembly of DOM polymers and the formation of marine microgels. Mar. Chem. 2008, 112:11-19.
27. Ding Y.-X., Hung C.-C., Santschi P.H., Verdugo P., Chin W.-C. Spontaneous assembly of exopolymers from phytoplankton. Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences (TAO) 2009, 20(5):741-747.
28. Ducklow H.W., Steinberg D.K., Buesseler K.O. Upper ocean carbon export and the biological pump. Oceanography 2001, 14:50-58.
29. Feig Y.S., Porter K.G. The use of DAPI for identifying and counting aquatic microflora. Limnol. Oceanogr. 1980, 25:943-948.
30. Gardner W.D. Field assessment of sediment traps. J. Mar. Res. 1980, 38:41-52.
31. Gardner W.D., Richardson M.J., Carlson C.A., Hansell D., Mishonov A.V. Determining true particulate organic carbon: bottles, pumps and methodologies. Deep-Sea Res. II. 2003, 50:655-674.
32. Goldthwait S., Yen J., Brown J., Alldredge A. Quantification of marine snow fragmentation by swimming Euphausiids. Limnol. Oceangr. 2004, 49:940-952.
33. Guo L., Santschi P.H. Isotopic and elemental characterization of colloidal organic matter from the Chesapeake Bay and Galveston Bay. Mar. Chem. 1997, 59:1-15.
34. Guo L., Santschi P.H. Measurements of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in seawater by the high temperature combustion method. Acta Oceanol. Sin. 1997, 16(2):59-73.
35. 232Th in seawater from the Gulf of Mexico and off Cape Hatteras as measured by SIMS. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 1995, 133:117-128.
36. Guo L., Santschi P.H., Baskaran M. Interaction of thorium isotopes with colloidal organic matter in oceanic environments. Colloids Surf. A 1997, 120:255-271.
37. 234Th scavenging and its relationship to acid polysaccharide abundance in the Gulf of Mexico. Mar. Chem. 2002, 78:103-119.
38. Guo L., Chen M., Gueguen C. Control of Pa/Th ratio by particulate chemical composition in the ocean. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2002, 29(20):1960. 10.1029/2002GL015666.
39. 234 ratio of settling particles isolated using split flow-thin cell fractionation (SPLITT). Mar. Chem. 2006, 100:314-322.
40. Hobbie J.E., Daley R.J., Jasper S. Use of nuclepore filters for counting bacteria by fluorescence microscopy. Appl. Environ. Micorbiol. 1977, 33:1225-1228.
41. Hung C.-C., Gong G.C. Export flux of POC in the main stream of the Kuroshio. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2007, 34:L18606. 10.1029/2007GL030236.
42. Hung C.-C., Guo L., Schultz G.E., Pinckney, Santschi P.H. Production and flux of carbohydrate species in the Gulf of Mexico. Glob. Biogeochem. Cycles 2003, 17. 10.1029/2002GB001988.
43. Hung C.-C., Guo L., Santschi P.H., Alvarado-Quiroz N., Haye J.M. Distributions of carbohydrate species in the Gulf of Mexico. Mar. Chem. 2003, 81:119-135.
44. 234Th and sediment traps in the Gulf of Mexico. Geochem. J. 2004, 38:601-611.
45. Hung C.-C., Gong G.-C., Chung W.-C., Kuo W.-T., Lin F.-C. Enhancement of particulate organic carbon export flux induced by atmospheric forcing in the subtropical oligotrophic northwest Pacific Ocean. Mar. Chem. 2009, 113:19-24.
46. Hung, C.-C., Gwo-Ching Gong, G.-C., Santschi, P.H., in press. Ratios of POC/234Th in different size classes of sediment-trap-collected particles from different oceanic environments. J. Geophys. Res.
47. Jackson G.A A model of the formation of marine algal flocs by physical coagulation processes. Deep-Sea Res. A 1990, 37/8:1197-1211.
48. Jackson G.A. Effect of coagulation on a model planktonic food web. Deep-Sea Res. I 2001, 48:95-123.
49. Karl D.M., Knauer G.A., Martin J.H. Downward flux of particulate organic matter in the ocean - a particle decomposition paradox. Nature 1989, 332:438-441.
50. Ku T.L., Knauss K.G., Matthew G.G. Uranium in the open ocean: concentration and isotopic composition. Deep-Sea Res. 1977, 24:1005-1017.
51. 234Th-derived particulate organic carbon fluxes in the northern Barents Sea with comparison to drifting sediment trap fluxes. J. Mar. Syst. 2008, 73:103-113.
52. 234Th and new production. Deep-Sea Res. I 2008, 55:1484-1502.
53. Lee S., Fuhrman J.A. Relationships between biovolume and biomass of naturally derived marine bacterioplankton. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 1987, 53:1298-1303.
54. Lee C., Hedges J.I., Wakeham S.G., Zhu N. Effectiveness of poisons and preservatives in retarding bacterial activity in sediment trap material. Limnology and Oceanography 1992, 37:117-130.
55. Legendre L., LeFevre J. Microbial food webs and the export of biogenic carbon in ocean. Aquat. Microb. Ecol. 1995, 9:69-77.
56. 234Th ratios in the Mediterranean Sea and Northwest Atlantic: implications for POC export. Deep-Sea Res. I 2009, 56:599-613.
57. Li W.K.W. Primary productivity of prochlorophytes, cyanobacteria, and eukaryotic ultraphytoplankton: measurements from flow cytometric sorting. Limnol. Oceanogr. 1994, 39:169-175.
58. Mackey M., Mackey D., Kiggins H., Wright S. CHEMTAX-A program for estimating class abundances from chemical markers: application to HPLC measurements of phytoplankton. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 1996, 144:265-283.
59. Maiti K., Buesseler K., Benitez-Nelson C.R., Cochran J.K., Dai M., Dehairs F., Masque P., Miller L.A., Moran B., Morris P.J., Miquel J., Peine F., Planchon F., Rutgersvander Loeff M.P.H., Santschi P.H., Turnewitsch R., Waples J.T. Total and particulate thorium-234 results from GEOTRACES intercalibration cruises. 2010 Ocean Sciences Meeting, Feb. 22-26, Portland, Oregon 2010, Abstract CO23A-02.
60. Michaels A.F., Silver M.W. Primary production, sinking fluxes and the microbial food web. Deep-Sea Res. 1988, 35:473-490.
61. Moon-van der Staay S.Y., vanderStaay G.W.M., Guillou L., Vaulot D., Claustre H., Medlin L.K. Abundance and diversity of prymnesiophytes in the picoplankton equatorial Pacific Ocean inferred from 18S rDNA sequences. Limnol. Oceanogr. 2000, 45(1):98-109.
62. 238U disequilibrium provide an accurate record of the export flux of particulate organic carbon from the upper ocean?. Limnol. Oceanogr. 2003, 48:1018-1029.
63. 234Th approach. Deep-Sea Res. 1996, 43:1095-1132.
64. Neuer S., Davenport R., Freudenthal T., Wefer G., Llinas O., Rueda M.-J., Steinberg D.K., Karl D.M. Differences in the biological carbon pump at three subtropical ocean sites. Geophy. Res. Lett. 2002, 29:1885. 10.1029/2002GL015393.
65. 14C-labeled microalgal photosynthetic pigments. J. Plankton Res. 1996, 18:1867-1880.
66. 234Th complexation to marine organic matter. Limnol. Oceanogr. 2002, 47:367-377.
67. Richardson T., Jackson G.A. Small phytoplankton and carbon export from the surface ocean. Science 2007, 315:838-840.
68. Salter I., Lampitt R.S., Sanders R., Poulton A., Kemp A.E.S., Boorman B., Saw K., Pearce R. Estimating carbon, silica and diatom export from a natural fertilized phytoplankton bloom in the Southern Ocean using PELAGRA: a novel drifting sediment trap. Deep-Sea Res. II 2007, 54:2233-2259.
69. Santschi P.H., Guo L., Quigley M.S., Baskaran M., Walsh I. Boundary exchange and scavenging of radionuclides in continental margin waters of the Middle Atlantic Bight: implications for organic carbon fluxes. Cont. Shelf Res. 1999, 19:609-636.
70. 234Th and particulate organic carbon export flux by marine organisms. Geophy. Res. Lett. 2003, 30. 10.1029/2002GL015727.
71. Santschi P.H., Murray J.W., Baskaran M., Benitez-Nelson C.R., Guo L.D., Hung C.-C., Lamborg C., Moran S.B., Passow U., Roy-Barman M. Thorium speciation in seawater. Mar. Chem. 2006, 100:250-268.
72. 234Th sorption and export models in the water column: a review. Mar. Chem. 2006, 100:234-249.
73. Smith D.C., Simon M., Alldredge A., Azam F. Intense hydrolytic enzyme activity on marine aggregates and implications for rapid particle dissolution. Nature 1992, 359:139-142.
74. Smith D.C., Steward G.F., Long R.A., Azam F. Bacterial mediation of carbon fluxes during a phytoplankton bloom in a mesocosm. Deep-Sea Res. 1995, 42:75-97.
75. 234Th relationships in particles separated by settling velocity in the northwest Mediterranean Sea. Deep-Sea Res. II 2009, 56:1519-1532.
76. Wakeham S.G., Hedges J.I., Lee C., Peterson M.L., Hernes P. Compositions and transport of lipid biomarkers through the water column and surficial sediments of the equatorial Pacific Ocean. Deep-Sea Res. II 1997, 44:2131-2162.
77. Walsh I.D. Project CATSTIX: Camera, Transmissometer and Sediment Trap Integration Experiment. Ph.D. Dissertation 1990, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843.
78. Wormuth J.H., Ressler P.H., Cady R.B., Harris E.J. Zooplankton and micronekton in cyclones and anticyclones in the Northeast Gulf of Mexico. Gulf of Mexico Science 2000, 23-34.
79. Wright S., Thomas D., Marchant H., Higgins H., Mackey M., Mackey D. Analysis of phytoplankton of the Australian sector of the Southern Ocean: comparisons of microscopy and size frequency data with interpretations of pigment HPLC data using the CHEMTAX matrix factor-isolation program. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 1996, 144:285-298.
80. Xu, C., Santschi, P. H., Hung, C.-C., Zhang, S., Schwehr, K, A., Roberts, K.A., Guo, L.D., Gong, G.-C., Quigg, A., Long, R., Pinckney, J., Duan, S.W., Amon, R., Wei, C.-L., in press. Controls of Th-234 removal from the oligotrophic ocean by polyuronic acids and modified by microbial activity. Marine Chemistry.
81. 234Th (IV). Marine Chemistry 2008, 112:81-92.