메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 62, Issue 11, 2010, Pages 787-797

Female body image as a function of themes in rap music videos: A content analysis

Author keywords

African Americans; Body image; Content analysis; Rap music videos; Theme

Indexed keywords


EID: 77954690480     PISSN: 03600025     EISSN: 15732762     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11199-009-9656-y     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (37)

References (74)
  • 1
    • 0027193703 scopus 로고
    • Disordered eating attitudes and behaviors, psychological adjustment, and ethnic identity: A comparison of black and white female college students
    • Abrams, K. K., Allen, L. R., & Gray, J. J. (1993). Disordered eating attitudes and behaviors, psychological adjustment, and ethnic identity: a comparison of black and white female college students. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 14(1), 49-57.
    • (1993) International Journal of Eating Disorders , vol.14 , Issue.1 , pp. 49-57
    • Abrams, K.K.1    Allen, L.R.2    Gray, J.J.3
  • 3
    • 0013941871 scopus 로고
    • Intraclass correlation coefficient as a measure of reliability
    • Bartko, J. (1966). Intraclass correlation coefficient as a measure of reliability. Psychological Reports, 19, 3-11.
    • (1966) Psychological Reports , vol.19 , pp. 3-11
    • Bartko, J.1
  • 4
    • 0034368941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mirror of television: A comparison of black and white adolescents' body image
    • Botta, R. A. (2000). The mirror of television: a comparison of black and white adolescents' body image. Journal of Communication, 50, 144-159.
    • (2000) Journal of Communication , vol.50 , pp. 144-159
    • Botta, R.A.1
  • 6
    • 0027583764 scopus 로고
    • Sexual strategies theory: An evolutionary perspective on human mating
    • Buss, D. M., & Schmitt, D. P. (1993). Sexual strategies theory: an evolutionary perspective on human mating. Psychological Review, 100, 204-232.
    • (1993) Psychological Review , vol.100 , pp. 204-232
    • Buss, D.M.1    Schmitt, D.P.2
  • 7
    • 30544433859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cultivation revisited: Some genres have some effects have some effects on some viewers
    • Cohen, J., & Weimann, G. (2000). Cultivation revisited: some genres have some effects have some effects on some viewers. Communication Reports, 13, 99-114.
    • (2000) Communication Reports , vol.13 , pp. 99-114
    • Cohen, J.1    Weimann, G.2
  • 8
    • 0000537417 scopus 로고
    • Social stigma and self-esteem: The self-protective properties of stigma
    • Crocker, J., & Major, B. (1989). Social stigma and self-esteem: the self-protective properties of stigma. Psychological Review, 96, 608-630.
    • (1989) Psychological Review , vol.96 , pp. 608-630
    • Crocker, J.1    Major, B.2
  • 9
    • 32444449152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rap music and rap audiences: Controversial themes, psychological effects and political resistance
    • Dixon, T. L., & Brooks, T. (2002). Rap music and rap audiences: controversial themes, psychological effects and political resistance. African American Research Perspective, 8, 106-116.
    • (2002) African American Research Perspective , vol.8 , pp. 106-116
    • Dixon, T.L.1    Brooks, T.2
  • 10
    • 0031510289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obscenity law and sexually explicit rap music: Understanding the effects of sex, attitudes, and beliefs
    • Dixon, T. L., & Linz, D. G. (1997). Obscenity law and sexually explicit rap music: understanding the effects of sex, attitudes, and beliefs. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 25, 217-241.
    • (1997) Journal of Applied Communication Research , vol.25 , pp. 217-241
    • Dixon, T.L.1    Linz, D.G.2
  • 12
    • 84873018975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elliott, S. (2003, April 21). Blacks prefer TV fare with Black casts, but tastes of Black and White are converging. New York Times, pp. C12.
  • 13
    • 0011668928 scopus 로고
    • Consumption imagery in music television: A bi-cultural perspective
    • Englis, B. G., Solomon, M. R., & Olofosson, A. (1993). Consumption imagery in music television: a bi-cultural perspective. Journal of Advertising, XXII(4), 21-33.
    • (1993) Journal of Advertising , vol.XXII , Issue.4 , pp. 21-33
    • Englis, B.G.1    Solomon, M.R.2    Olofosson, A.3
  • 15
    • 0033084358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Television situation comedies: Female body images and verbal reinforcements
    • Fouts, G., & Burggraf, K. (1999). Television situation comedies: female body images and verbal reinforcements. Sex Roles, 40, 473-481.
    • (1999) Sex Roles , vol.40 , pp. 473-481
    • Fouts, G.1    Burggraf, K.2
  • 16
    • 0034178163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Television situation comedies: Female weight, male negative comments, and audience reactions
    • Fouts, G., & Burggraf, K. (2000). Television situation comedies: female weight, male negative comments, and audience reactions. Sex Roles, 42, 925-932.
    • (2000) Sex Roles , vol.42 , pp. 925-932
    • Fouts, G.1    Burggraf, K.2
  • 17
    • 0030356022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bad rap for rap: Bias in reactions to music lyrics
    • Fried, C. B. (1996). Bad rap for rap: bias in reactions to music lyrics. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 26, 2135-2146.
    • (1996) Journal of Applied Social Psychology , vol.26 , pp. 2135-2146
    • Fried, C.B.1
  • 18
    • 0031506062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stereotyping effect of black women's sexual rap on white audiences
    • Gan, S. L., Zillmann, D., & Mitrook, M. (1997). Stereotyping effect of black women's sexual rap on white audiences. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 19, 381-399.
    • (1997) Basic and Applied Social Psychology , vol.19 , pp. 381-399
    • Gan, S.L.1    Zillmann, D.2    Mitrook, M.3
  • 19
    • 0001770437 scopus 로고
    • Growing up with television: The cultivation perspective
    • J. Bryant and D. Zillmann (Eds.), Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum
    • Gerbner, G., Gross, L., Morgan, M., & Signorielli, N. (1994). Growing up with television: The cultivation perspective. In J. Bryant & D. Zillmann (Eds.), Media effects: Advances in theory and research (pp. 17-41). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
    • (1994) Media Effects: Advances in Theory and Research , pp. 17-41
    • Gerbner, G.1    Gross, L.2    Morgan, M.3    Signorielli, N.4
  • 20
    • 33747037588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethnicity and body dissatisfaction among women in the United States: A meta-analysis
    • Grabe, S., & Hyde, J. S. (2006). Ethnicity and body dissatisfaction among women in the United States: a meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 132(4), 622-640.
    • (2006) Psychological Bulletin , vol.132 , Issue.4 , pp. 622-640
    • Grabe, S.1    Hyde, J.S.2
  • 21
    • 0000019613 scopus 로고
    • Minorities and the mass media: 1970s to 1990s
    • J. Bryant and D. Zillmann (Eds.), Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum
    • Greenberg, B. S., & Brand, J. E. (1994). Minorities and the mass media: 1970s to 1990s. In J. Bryant & D. Zillmann (Eds.), Media effects: Advances in theory and research (pp. 273-314). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
    • (1994) Media Effects: Advances in Theory and Research , pp. 273-314
    • Greenberg, B.S.1    Brand, J.E.2
  • 23
    • 0000045598 scopus 로고
    • The question of media violence
    • J. Bryant and D. Zillmann (Eds.), Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum
    • Gunter, B. (1994). The question of media violence. In J. Bryant & D. Zillmann (Eds.), Media effects: Advances in theory and research (pp. 163-211). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
    • (1994) Media Effects: Advances in Theory and Research , pp. 163-211
    • Gunter, B.1
  • 24
    • 0042438951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Music and music videos
    • D. Zillman and P. Vorderer (Eds.), Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum
    • Hansen, C. H., & Hansen, R. D. (2000). Music and music videos. In D. Zillman & P. Vorderer (Eds.), Media Entertainment: The Psychology of Its Appeal (pp. 175-196). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
    • (2000) Media Entertainment: The Psychology of Its Appeal , pp. 175-196
    • Hansen, C.H.1    Hansen, R.D.2
  • 25
    • 84991170376 scopus 로고
    • Gender and ethnic differences in obesity-related behaviors and attitudes in a college sample
    • Harris, M. B., Walters, L. C., & Waschull, S. (1991). Gender and ethnic differences in obesity-related behaviors and attitudes in a college sample. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 21, 1545-1566.
    • (1991) Journal of Applied Social Psychology , vol.21 , pp. 1545-1566
    • Harris, M.B.1    Walters, L.C.2    Waschull, S.3
  • 26
    • 0031516782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between media exposure and eating disorders
    • Harrison, K., & Cantor, J. (1997). The relationship between media exposure and eating disorders. Journal of Communication, 47, 40-67.
    • (1997) Journal of Communication , vol.47 , pp. 40-67
    • Harrison, K.1    Cantor, J.2
  • 27
    • 84873000319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hawkins, R. P., & Pingree, S. (1982). Television's influence on social reality. In D. Pearl, L. Bouthilet, & J. Lazar (Eds.), Television and behavior: Ten years of scientific progress and implications for the eighties (DHHS Publications No. ADM 82-1196, Vol. 2, pp. 224-247). Washington, DC: U. S. Government Printing Office.
  • 29
    • 0030359735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Body type preferences and body characteristics associated with attractive and unattractive bodies by African American and Anglo Americans
    • Jackson, L. A., & McGill, O. D. (1996). Body type preferences and body characteristics associated with attractive and unattractive bodies by African American and Anglo Americans. Sex Roles, 35, 295-307.
    • (1996) Sex Roles , vol.35 , pp. 295-307
    • Jackson, L.A.1    McGill, O.D.2
  • 31
    • 0002642494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Man to man: A content analysis of sole-male images in male-audience magazines
    • Kolbe, R. H., & Albanese, P. J. (1996). Man to man: a content analysis of sole-male images in male-audience magazines. Journal of Advertising, 25, 1-20.
    • (1996) Journal of Advertising , vol.25 , pp. 1-20
    • Kolbe, R.H.1    Albanese, P.J.2
  • 32
    • 24144445434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gangstas, thugs, and hustlas: Identity and the code of the street in rap music
    • Kubrin, C. (2005). Gangstas, thugs, and hustlas: identity and the code of the street in rap music. Social Problems, 52, 360-378.
    • (2005) Social Problems , vol.52 , pp. 360-378
    • Kubrin, C.1
  • 33
    • 0035164771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cultural expectations of muscularity in men: The evolution of playgirl centerfolds
    • Leit, R. A., Pope, H. G., & Gray, J. J. (2001). Cultural expectations of muscularity in men: the evolution of playgirl centerfolds. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 29, 90-93.
    • (2001) International Journal of Eating Disorders , vol.29 , pp. 90-93
    • Leit, R.A.1    Pope, H.G.2    Gray, J.J.3
  • 35
    • 0032380150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of sex appeals in prime-time television commercials
    • Lin, C. A. (1998). Use of sex appeals in prime-time television commercials. Sex Roles, 38, 461-475.
    • (1998) Sex Roles , vol.38 , pp. 461-475
    • Lin, C.A.1
  • 36
    • 0004239464 scopus 로고
    • Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
    • MacKinnon, C. A. (1993). Only words. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • (1993) Only Words
    • Mackinnon, C.A.1
  • 37
    • 84872984395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Marsh, D. (1994, April). The sound and the furies. Playboy, p. 126.
  • 38
    • 0000135659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Forming inferences about some intraclass correlation coefficients
    • McGraw, K. O., & Wong, S. P. (1996). Forming inferences about some intraclass correlation coefficients. Psychological Methods, 1, 30-46.
    • (1996) Psychological Methods , vol.1 , pp. 30-46
    • McGraw, K.O.1    Wong, S.P.2
  • 44
    • 0010075253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of television images on black female's self perceptions of physical attractiveness
    • Perkins, K. (1996). The influence of television images on black female's self perceptions of physical attractiveness. Journal of Black Psychology, 22, 453-469.
    • (1996) Journal of Black Psychology , vol.22 , pp. 453-469
    • Perkins, K.1
  • 46
    • 21144480872 scopus 로고
    • Relationship between eating disorder characteristics and love and sex attitudes
    • Raciti, M., & Hendrick, S. S. (1992). Relationship between eating disorder characteristics and love and sex attitudes. Sex Roles, 27, 553-564.
    • (1992) Sex Roles , vol.27 , pp. 553-564
    • Raciti, M.1    Hendrick, S.S.2
  • 47
    • 0030523440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sexual outcasts: The perceived impact of body weight and gender on sexuality
    • Regan, P. C. (1996). Sexual outcasts: the perceived impact of body weight and gender on sexuality. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 26, 1803-1815.
    • (1996) Journal of Applied Social Psychology , vol.26 , pp. 1803-1815
    • Regan, P.C.1
  • 48
    • 33845675068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are black-white differences in females' body dissatisfaction decreasing? A meta-analytic review
    • Roberts, A., Cash, T. F., Feingold, A., & Johnson, B. T. (2006). Are black-white differences in females' body dissatisfaction decreasing? A meta-analytic review. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 74, 1121-1131.
    • (2006) Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , vol.74 , pp. 1121-1131
    • Roberts, A.1    Cash, T.F.2    Feingold, A.3    Johnson, B.T.4
  • 49
    • 33645612884 scopus 로고
    • Orality and technology-rap music and Afro-American cultural resistance
    • Rose, T. (1989). Orality and technology-rap music and Afro-American cultural resistance. Popular Music And Society, 13(4), 35-44.
    • (1989) Popular Music And Society , vol.13 , Issue.4 , pp. 35-44
    • Rose, T.1
  • 51
    • 0001903863 scopus 로고
    • Body image disturbances in eating disorders
    • T. F. Cash and T. Pruzinsky (Eds.), New York, NY: Guilford
    • Rosen, J. C. (1990). Body image disturbances in eating disorders. In T. F. Cash & T. Pruzinsky (Eds.), Body images: Development, deviance, and change (pp. 190-214). New York, NY: Guilford.
    • (1990) Body Images: Development, Deviance, and Change , pp. 190-214
    • Rosen, J.C.1
  • 52
    • 1542510095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Body image eating disturbances across ethnic groups: More similarities than differences
    • Shaw, H., Ramirez, L., Trost, A., Randall, R., & Stice, E. (2004). Body image eating disturbances across ethnic groups: more similarities than differences. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 18, 12-18.
    • (2004) Psychology of Addictive Behaviors , vol.18 , pp. 12-18
    • Shaw, H.1    Ramirez, L.2    Trost, A.3    Randall, R.4    Stice, E.5
  • 53
    • 0000777931 scopus 로고
    • The role of the mass media in promoting a thin standard of attractiveness for women
    • Silverstein, B., Perdue, L., Peterson, B., & Kelly, E. (1986). The role of the mass media in promoting a thin standard of attractiveness for women. Sex Roles, 14, 519-532.
    • (1986) Sex Roles , vol.14 , pp. 519-532
    • Silverstein, B.1    Perdue, L.2    Peterson, B.3    Kelly, E.4
  • 54
    • 0009002821 scopus 로고
    • Alienation, the self, and television: Psychological life in mass culture
    • Sipiora, M. P. (1991). Alienation, the self, and television: psychological life in mass culture. Humanistic Psychologist, 19, 158-169.
    • (1991) Humanistic Psychologist , vol.19 , pp. 158-169
    • Sipiora, M.P.1
  • 55
    • 0036104633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Violence in music videos: Examining the prevalence and context of physical aggression
    • Smith, S. L., & Boyson, A. (2002). Violence in music videos: examining the prevalence and context of physical aggression. Journal of Communication, 52, 61-83.
    • (2002) Journal of Communication , vol.52 , pp. 61-83
    • Smith, S.L.1    Boyson, A.2
  • 56
    • 0029067637 scopus 로고
    • Attitudes about overweight and dating among secondary school students
    • Sobal, J., Nicolopoulos, V., & Lee, J. (1995). Attitudes about overweight and dating among secondary school students. International Journal of Obesity, 19, 376-381.
    • (1995) International Journal of Obesity , vol.19 , pp. 376-381
    • Sobal, J.1    Nicolopoulos, V.2    Lee, J.3
  • 57
    • 0024385673 scopus 로고
    • Somatotypes revisited: Have the media changed our perception of the female body image?
    • Spillman, D. M., & Everington, C. (1989). Somatotypes revisited: have the media changed our perception of the female body image? Psychological Reports, 64, 887-890.
    • (1989) Psychological Reports , vol.64 , pp. 887-890
    • Spillman, D.M.1    Everington, C.2
  • 58
    • 0033112816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender differences in population versus media body sizes: A comparison over four decades
    • Spitzer, B. L., Henderson, K. A., & Zivian, M. T. (1999). Gender differences in population versus media body sizes: a comparison over four decades. Sex Roles, 40, 545-565.
    • (1999) Sex Roles , vol.40 , pp. 545-565
    • Spitzer, B.L.1    Henderson, K.A.2    Zivian, M.T.3
  • 61
    • 0037369503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Food messages on African American television shows
    • Tirodkar, M. A., & Jain, A. (2003). Food messages on African American television shows. American Journal of Public Health, 93, 439-441.
    • (2003) American Journal of Public Health , vol.93 , pp. 439-441
    • Tirodkar, M.A.1    Jain, A.2
  • 62
    • 84873013652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trial witness ties rap to violent act. (1993, July 10). Billboard, p. 71.
  • 63
    • 0039698118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Race and self-esteem: Meta-analyses comparing Whites, Blacks, Hispanics, Asians, and American Indians and comment on Gray-Little and Halfdahl (2000)
    • Twenge, J. M., & Crocker, J. (2002). Race and self-esteem: meta-analyses comparing Whites, Blacks, Hispanics, Asians, and American Indians and comment on Gray-Little and Halfdahl (2000). Psychological Bulletin, 128, 371-408.
    • (2002) Psychological Bulletin , vol.128 , pp. 371-408
    • Twenge, J.M.1    Crocker, J.2
  • 64
    • 0041707792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding the role of entertainment media in the sexual socialization of American youth: A review of empirical research
    • Ward, L. M. (2003). Understanding the role of entertainment media in the sexual socialization of American youth: a review of empirical research. Developmental Review, 23, 347-388.
    • (2003) Developmental Review , vol.23 , pp. 347-388
    • Ward, L.M.1
  • 65
    • 84883982934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An exploration of spectacular consumption: Gangsta rap as cultural commodity
    • Watts, E. K. (1997). An exploration of spectacular consumption: gangsta rap as cultural commodity. Communication Studies, 48(1), 42-58.
    • (1997) Communication Studies , vol.48 , Issue.1 , pp. 42-58
    • Watts, E.K.1
  • 67
    • 84873010920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wilson, B. J., Kunkel, D., Linz, D., Potter, J., Donnersetin, E., Smith, S. L., et al. (1998). Violence in television overall: University of California study. In National television violence study II (pp. 3-204). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • 72
    • 85190914126 scopus 로고
    • Serving self-relevant goals through social comparison
    • J. Suls and T. A. Wills (Eds.), Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum
    • Wood, J. V., & Taylor, K. L. (1991). Serving self-relevant goals through social comparison. In J. Suls & T. A. Wills (Eds.), Social comparison: Contemporary theory and research (pp. 23-50). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
    • (1991) Social Comparison: Contemporary Theory and Research , pp. 23-50
    • Wood, J.V.1    Taylor, K.L.2
  • 74
    • 84872990060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Zimmerman, K. (1992, March 16). Censure for censor bills. Variety, pp. 72-74.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.