Epidemic meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (EMRSA-15) variants detected in healthy and diseased individuals in India

Journal of Medical Microbiology

Volumn 59, Issue 7, 2010, Pages 815-821

  Nadig, Savitha ^a   Raju, Shilpa Ramachandra ^a   Arakere, Gayathri ^a  

^a INDIAN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE   (India)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CEFOTAXIME; CEFOXITIN; COTRIMOXAZOLE; ERYTHROMYCIN; FUSIDIC ACID; GENTAMICIN; LEVOFLOXACIN; METICILLIN; OFLOXACIN; OXACILLIN; PANTON VALENTINE LEUKOCIDIN; TETRACYCLINE; TOXIC SHOCK SYNDROME TOXIN 1;

ARTICLE; BACTERIAL STRAIN; BACTERIUM DETECTION; BACTERIUM ISOLATE; BACTERIUM ISOLATION; BRAIN ABSCESS; EPIDEMIC; GENE CASSETTE; GENETIC VARIABILITY; HUMAN; INDIA; MENINGITIS; METHICILLIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS; NONHUMAN; NOSE SMEAR; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SOFT TISSUE INFECTION;

CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; DISEASE OUTBREAKS; GENETIC VARIATION; HUMANS; INDIA; METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS; STAPHYLOCOCCAL INFECTIONS;

EID: 77954501901     PISSN: 00222615     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.017632-0     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Aires-de-Sousa, M., Correia, B., de Lencastre, H. & Multilaboratory Project Collaborators (2008). Changing patterns in frequency of recovery of five methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clones in Portuguese hospitals: surveillance over a 16-year period. J Clin Microbiol 46, 2912-2919.
2. Amorim, M. L., Faria, N. A., Oliveira, D. C., Vasconcelos, C., Cabeda, J. C., Mendes, A. C., Calado, E., Castro, A. P., Ramos, M. H. & other authors (2007). Changes in the clonal nature and antibiotic resistance profiles of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates associated with spread of the EMRSA-15 clone in a tertiary care Portuguese hospital. J Clin Microbiol 45, 2881-2889.
3. Arakere, G., Nadig, S., Swedberg, G., Macaden, R., Amarnath, S. & Raghunath, D. (2005). Genotyping of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains from two hospitals in Bangalore, South India. J Clin Microbiol 43, 3198-3202.
4. Broekema, N.M., Van, T. T.,Monson, T. A.,Marshall, S. A. &Warshauer, D. M. (2009). Comparison of cefoxitin and oxacillin disk diffusion methods for detection of mecA-mediated resistance in Staphylococcus aureus in a large-scale study. J ClinMicrobiol 47, 217-219.
5. Chambers, H. F. (2005). Community-associated MRSA - resistance and virulence converge. N Engl J Med 352, 1485-1487.
6. Chambers, H. F. & DeLeo, F. R. (2009). Waves of resistance: Staphylococcus aureus in the antibiotic era. Nat Rev Microbiol 7, 629-641.
7. CLSI (2009). Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, 19th Informational Supplement. M100-S19. Wayne, PA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute.
8. Cockfield, J. D., Pathak, S., Edgeworth, J. D. & Lindsay, J. A. (2007). Rapid determination of hospital-acquired meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus lineages. J Med Microbiol 56, 614-619.
9. Enright, M. C., Day, N. P. J., Davies, C. E., Peacock, S. J. & Spratt, B. G. (2000). Multilocus sequence typing for characterization of methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible clones of Staphylococcus aureus. J Clin Microbiol 38, 1008-1015.
10. Feng, Y., Chen, C., Su, L., Hu, S., Yu, J. & Chiu, C. (2008). Evolution and pathogenesis of Staphylococcus aureus: lessons learned from genotyping and comparative genomics. FEMS Microbiol Rev 32, 23-37.
11. Ghebremedhin, B., König, W., Witte, W., Hardy, K. J., Hawkey, P. M. & König, B. (2007). Subtyping of ST22-MRSA-IV (Barnim epidemic MRSA strain) at a university clinic in Germany from 2002 to 2005. J Med Microbiol 56, 365-375.
12. Gilot, P., Lina, G., Cochard, T. & Poutrel, B. (2002). Analysis of the genetic variability of genes encoding the RNA III-activating components Agric and TRAP in a population of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from cows with mastitis. J Clin Microbiol 40, 4060-4067. (Pubitemid 35285790)
13. Gordon, R. J. & Lowy, F. D. (2008). Pathogenesis of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection. Clin Infect Dis 46, S350-S359.
14. Holmes, A., Ganner, M., McGuane, S., Pitt, T. L., Cookson, B. D. & Kearns, A. M. (2005). Staphylococcus aureus isolates carrying Panton - Valentine leucocidin genes in England and Wales: frequency, characterization, and association with clinical disease. J Clin Microbiol 43, 2384-2390.
15. Hsu, L.-Y., Loomba-Chlebicka, N., Koh, Y.-L., Tan, T.-Y., Krishnan, P., Lin, R. T.-P., Tee, N. W.-S., Fisher, D. A. & Koh, T.-H. (2007). Evolving EMRSA-15 epidemic in Singapore hospitals. J Med Microbiol 56, 376-379.
16. Huletsky, A., Giroux, R., Rossbach, V., Gagnon, M., Vaillancourt, M., Bernier, M., Gagnon, F., Truchon, K., Bastien, M. & other authors (2004). New real time PCR assay for rapid detection of MRSA directly from specimens containing a mixture of staphylococci. J Clin Microbiol 42, 1875-1884.
17. International Working Group on the Classification of Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome Elements (2009). Classification of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec): guidelines for reporting novel SCCmec elements. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 53, 4961-4967.
18. Ito, T., Katayama, Y., Asada, K., Mori, N., Tsutsumimoto, K., Tiensasitorn, C. & Hiramatsu, K. (2001). Structural comparison of three types of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec integrated in the chromosome in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 45, 1323-1336.
19. Kondo, Y., Ito, T., Ma, X. X., Watanabe, S., Kreiswirth, B. N., Etienne, J. & Hiramatsu, K. (2007). Combination of multiplex PCRs for staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec type assignment: rapid identification system for mec, ccr, and major differences in junkyard regions. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 51, 264-274.
20. Krishna, B. V. S., Patil, A. B. & Chandrasekhar, M. R. (2004). Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections in a south Indian city. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 35, 371-374.
21. Labandeira-Rey, M., Couzon, F., Boisset, S., Brown, E. L., Bes, M., Benito, Y., Barbu, E. M., Vasquez, V., Höök, M. & other authors (2007). Staphylococcus aureus Panton - Valentine leukocidin causes necrotizing pneumonia. Science 315, 1130-1133. (Pubitemid 46328024)
22. Larsen, A. R., Goering, R., Stegger, M., Lindsay, J. A., Gould, K. A., Hinds, J., Sørum, M., Westh, H., Boye, K. & Skov, R. (2009). Two distinct clones of MRSA with the same USA300 PFGE profile - a potential pitfall for identification of USA300 CA-MRSA. J Clin Microbiol 47, 3765-3768.
23. Lina, G., Piemont, Y., Godail-Gamot, F., Bes, M., Peter, M. O., Gauduchon, V., Vandenesch, F. & Etienne, J. (1999). Involvement of Panton - Valentine leukocidin-producing Staphylococcus aureus in primary skin infections and pneumonia. Clin Infect Dis 29, 1128-1132.
24. Llarrull, L. I., Fisher, J. F. & Mobashery, S. (2009). Molecular basis and phenotype of methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and insights into new b-lactams that meet the challenge. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 53, 4051-4063.
25. Löffler, B., Hussain, M., Grundmeier, M., Brück, M., Holzinger, D., Varga, G., Roth, J., Kahl, B. C., Proctor, R. A. & Peters, G. (2010). Staphylococcus aureus Panton-Valentine leukocidin is a very potent cytotoxic factor for human neutrophils. PLoS Pathog 6, e1000715.
26. Mehrotra, M., Wang, G. & Johnson, W. M. (2000). Multiplex PCR for detection of genes for Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins, exfoliative toxins, toxic shock syndrome toxin 1, and methicillin resistance. J Clin Microbiol 38, 1032-1035. (Pubitemid 30140554)
27. Melter, O., Urbaskova, P., Jakubu, V., Mackova, B. & Zemlickova, H. (2006). Emergence of EMRSA-15 clone in hospitals throughout the Czech Republic. Euro Surveill 11, E060803-E060806.
28. Milheirico, C., Oliveira, D. C. & de Lencastre, H. (2007). Update to the multiplex PCR strategy for the assignment of mec element types in Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 51, 3374-3377.
29. Moore, P. C. & Lindsay, J. A. (2002). Molecular characterisation of the dominant UK methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains, EMRSA-15 and EMRSA-16. J Med Microbiol 51, 516-521.
30. Nadig, S., Namburi, P., Raghunath, D. & Arakere, G. (2006). Genotyping of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from Indian hospitals. Curr Sci 91, 1364-1369.
31. Naesens, R., Ronsyn, M., Druwé, P., Denis, O., Ieven, M. & Jeurissen, A. (2009). Central nervous system invasion by community-acquired meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J MedMicrobiol 58, 1247-1251.
32. Okuma, K., Iwakawa, K., Turnidge, J. D., Grubb, W. B., Bell, J. M., O'Brien, F. G., Coombs, G. W., Pearman, J. W., Tenover, F. C. & other authors (2002). Dissemination of new methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clones in the community. J Clin Microbiol 40, 4289-4294.
33. Oliveira, D. C. & de Lencastre, H. (2002). Multiplex PCR strategy for rapid identification of structural types and variants of the mec element in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 46, 2155-2161.
34. O'Neill, G. L., Murchan, S., Gil-Setas, A. & Aucken, H. M. (2001). Identification and characterization of phage variants of a strain of epidemic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (EMRSA-15). J Clin Microbiol 39, 1540-1548.
35. Popovich, K. J., Weinstein, R. A. & Hota, B. (2008). Are community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains replacing traditional nosocomial MRSA strains? Clin Infect Dis 46, 787-794.
36. Shibuya, Y., Hara, M., Higuchi, W., Takano, T., Iwao, Y. & Yamamoto, T. (2008). Emergence of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus USA300 clone in Japan. J Infect Chemother 14, 439-441.
37. Shopsin, B., Gomez, M., Montgomery, S. O., Smith, D. H., Waddington, M., Dodge, D. E., Bost, D. A., Riehman, M., Naidich, S. & Kreiswirth, B. N. (1999). Evaluation of protein A gene polymorphic region DNA sequencing for typing of Staphylococcus aureus strains. J Clin Microbiol 37, 3556-3563.
38. Tenover, F. C. & Goering, R. V. (2009). Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strain USA300: origin and epidemiology. J Antimicrob Chemother 64, 441-446.
39. Udo, E. E., Al-Sweih, N. & Noronha, B. (2006). Characterisation of non-multiresistant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (including EMRSA-15) in Kuwait hospitals. Clin Microbiol Infect 12, 262-269.
40. Veenakumari, H. B., Nagaraja, D., Nagarathna, S., Kulkarni, G. B., Praveen, C. S., Nadig, S. & Arakere, G. (2010). A variant epidemic meticillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus-15 (EMRSA-15) CST with meningitis - a rare occurrence with unusual presentation. Indian J Med Microbiol (in press).
41. Vindel, A., Cuevas, O., Cercenado, E., Marcos, C., Bautista, V., Castellares, C., Trincado, P., Boquete, T., Pérez-Vázquez, M. & other authors (2009). Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Spain: molecular epidemiology and utility of different typing methods. J Clin Microbiol 47, 1620-1627.
42. Voyich, J. M., Otto, M., Mathema, B., Braughton, K. R., Whitney, A. R., Welty, D., Long, R. D., Dorward, D. W., Gardner, D. J. & other authors (2006). Is Panton-Valentine leukocidin the major virulence determinant in community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus disease? J Infect Dis 194, 1761-1770.
43. Wannet, W. (2003). Virulent MRSA strains containing the Panton Valentine leukocidin gene in the Netherlands. Euro Surveill 7, 2173.
44. Wolter, D. J., Chatterjee, A., Varman, M. & Goering, R. V. (2008). Isolation and characterization of an epidemic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 15 variant in the central United States. J Clin Microbiol 46, 3548-3549.