Stress, marital satisfaction, and psychological distress among African Americans

Journal of Family Issues

Volumn 31, Issue 8, 2010, Pages 1081-1105

  Lincoln, Karen D ^a   Chae, David H ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b EMORY UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

African Americans; Financial strain; Marriage; Mental health; Unfair treatment

Indexed keywords

EID: 77954227462     PISSN: 0192513X     EISSN: 15525481     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0192513X10365826     Document Type: Article

References (69)

1. Adelman, P.K., Chadwick, K., & Baerger, D.R. (1996). Marital quality of Black and White adults over the life course. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 13, 361-384.
2. Allison, P. (2000). Multiple imputation for missing data: A cautionary tale. Sociological Methods & Research, 28, 301-309.
3. Banks, K.H., Kohn-Wood, L.P., & Spencer, M. (2006). An examination of the African American experience of everyday discrimination and symptoms of psychological distress. Community Mental Health Journal, 42, 555-570.
4. Barnes, L.L., Mendes D.e Leon, C.F., Wilson, R.S., Bienias, J.L., Bennett, D.A., & Evans, D.A. (2004). Racial differences in perceived discrimination in a community population of older Blacks and Whites. Journal of Aging and Health, 16, 315-337.
5. Billingsley, A. (1992). Climbing Jacob's ladder: The enduring legacy of African American families. New York: Simon & Schuster.
6. Bolger, N., Foster, M., Vinokur, A.D., & Ng, R. (1996). Close relationships and adjustment to a life crisis: The case of breast cancer. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70, 283-294.
7. Booth, A., & Amato, P.R. (1991). Divorce and psychological stress. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 32, 396-407.
8. Bratter, J.L., & Eschbach, K. (2005). Race/ethnic differences in nonspecific psychological distress: Evidence from the National Health Interview Survey. Social Science Quarterly, 86, 620-644.
9. Broudy, R., Brondolo, E., Coakley, V., Brady, N., Cassells, A., Tobin, J.N.,et al.(2006). Perceived ethnic discrimination in relation to daily moods and negative social interactions. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 30, 31-43.
10. Brown, S.L. (2000). Union transitions among cohabitors: The significance of relationship assessments and expectations. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 62, 833-846.
11. Bryant, C.M., Taylor, R.J., Lincoln, K.D., Chatters, L.M., & Jackson, J.S. (2008). Marital satisfaction among African Americans and Black Caribbeans: Findings from the National Survey of American Life. Family Relations, 57, 239-253.
12. Bumpass, L.L. (1998.). The changing significance of marriage in the United States. In K. O. Mason, N. Nilsuya, & M. Choe (Eds.), The changing family in comparative perspective: Asia and the United States (pp. 63-79). Honolulu, HI: East-West Center.
13. Clark-Nicolas, P., & Gray-Little, B. (1991). Effect of economic resources on marital quality in Black married couples. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 53, 645-655.
14. Cohen, J., Cohen, P., West, S., & Aiken, L. (2003). Applied multiple regression/ correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences (3rd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
15. Conger, R.D., Elder, G.H., Lorenz, F.O., Conger, K.J., Simons, R.L., Whitbeck, L.B.,et al.(1990). Linking economic hardship to marital quality and instability. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 52, 643-656.
16. Cutrona, C.E., Russell, D.W., Abraham, W.T., Gardner, K.T., Melby, J.N., Bryant, C.,et al.(2003). Neighborhood context and financial strain as predictors of marital interaction and marital quality in African American couples. Personal Relationships, 10, 389-409.
17. Feagin, J.R. (1991). The continuing significance of race: Antiblack discrimination in public places. American Sociological Review, 56, 101-116.
18. Harknett, K., & McLanahan, S.S. (2004). Racial and ethnic differences in marriage after the birth of a child. American Sociological Review, 69, 790-811.
19. Heeringa, S.G., Wagner, J., Torres, M., Duan, N., Adams, T., & Berglund, P. (2004). Sample designs and sampling methods for the Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Studies (CPES). International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 13, 221-240.
20. Horton, N.J., Lipsitz, S.R., & Parzen, M. (2003). A potential for bias when rounding in multiple imputation. American Statistician, 57, 220-232.
21. Horwitz, A.V., White, H.R., & Howell-White, S. (1996). Becoming married and mental health: A longitudinal study of a cohort of young adults. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 58, 895-907.
22. Hummer, R.A. (1996). Black-White differences in health and mortality: A review and a conceptual model. Sociological Quarterly, 37, 105-125.
23. Jackson, J.S., Torres, M., Caldwell, C.H., Neighbors, H.W., Nesse, R.M., Taylor, R.J.,et al.(2004). The National Survey of American Life: A study of racial, ethnic and cultural influences on mental disorders and mental health. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 13, 196-207.
24. Johnson, D.R. (1995). Assessing marital quality in longitudinal and life course studies. In J. C. Conoley & E. B. Werth (Eds.), Family assessment (pp. 155-202). Lincoln, NE: Buros Institute of Mental Measurements.
25. Kahn, J.R., & Pearlin, L.I. (2006). Financial strain over the life course and health among older adults. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 47, 17-31.
26. Kessler, R.C., Andres, G., Colpe, L.J., Hiripi, E., Mroczek, D.K., Normand, S.T.,et al.(2002). Short screening scales to monitor population prevalences and trends in non-specific psychological distress. Psychological Medicine, 32, 959-976.
27. Kessler, R.C., Barker, P.R., Colpe, L.J., Epstein, J.F., Gfroerer, J.C., Hiripi, E.,et al.(2003). Screening for serious mental illness in the general population. Archives of General Psychiatry, 60, 184-189.
28. Kessler, R.C., Mickelson, K.D., & Williams, D.R. (1999). The prevalence, distribution, and mental health correlates of perceived discrimination in the United States. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 40, 208-230.
29. Koball, H., Moiduddin, E., Henderson, J., Goesling, B., & Besculides, M. (2010). What do we know about the link between marriage and health? Journal of Family Issues, 31, 1019-1040.
30. Krieger, N., Waterman, P.D., Harman, C., Bates, L.M., Stoddard, A.M., Quinn, M.M.,et al.(2006). Social hazards on the job: Workplace abuse, sexual harassment, and racial discrimination-A study of Black, Latino, and White low-income women and men workers in the United States. International Journal of Health Services, 36, 51-85.
31. Liem, R., & Liem, J.H. (1988). The psychological effects of unemployment on workers and their families. Journal of Social Issues, 44, 87-105.
32. Lincoln, K.D. (2007). Financial strain, negative interactions and mastery: Pathways to mental health among older African Americans. Journal of Black Psychology, 33, 439-462.
33. Lincoln, K.D., Chatters, L.M., & Taylor, R.J. (2005). Social support, traumatic events and depressive symptoms among African Americans. Journal of Marriage and Family, 67, 754-766.
34. Lincoln, K.D., Chatters, L.M., Taylor, R.J., & Jackson, J.S. (2007). Profiles of depressive symptoms among African Americans and Caribbean Blacks. Social Science & Medicine, 65, 200-213.
35. Lincoln, K.D., Taylor, R.J., & Jackson, J.S. (2008). Romantic relationships among unmarried African Americans and Caribbean Blacks: Findings from the National Survey of American Life. Family Relations, 57, 254-266.
36. Logan, J.R., & Deane, G. (2003). Black diversity in metropolitan America. Albany, NY: Lewis Mumford Center for Comparative Urban and Regional Research, University of Albany.
37. Lynch, J.W., Kaplan, G.A., & Shema, S.J. (1997). Cumulative impact of sustained economic hardship on physical, cognitive, psychological, and social functioning. New England Journal of Medicine, 337, 1889-1895.
38. Marlowe, D., & Crowne, D.P. (1961). Social desirability and response to perceived situational demands. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 25, 109-115.
39. McClelland, G.H., & Judd, C.M. (1993). Statistical difficulties of detecting interactions and moderator effects. Psychological Bulletin, 114, 376-390.
40. McIlvane, J.M., Baker, T.A., & Mingo, C.A. (2008). Racial differences in arthritis-related stress, chronic life stress, and depressive symptoms among women with arthritis: A contextual perspective. Journals of Gerontology: Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 63, S320-S327.
41. McLoyd, V.C., Cauce, A.M., Takeuchi, D., & Wilson, L. (2000). Marital processes and parental socialization in families of color: A decade review of research. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 62, 1070-1093.
42. National Center for Health Statistics. (1998). Health, United States, 1998 with socioeconomic and health chartbook. Hyattsville, MD: Author.
43. Nunley, J.M. (2007). Inflation and other aggregate determinants of the trend in U.S. divorce rates since the 1960s (Working Paper No. 200717). Murfreesboro: Department of Economics and Finance Series, Middle Tennessee State University.
44. Parcel, T.L., & Menaghan, E.G. (1994). Parents' jobs and children's lives. New York: Aldine de Gruyter.
45. Pearlin, L.I., Aneshensel, C.S., & Leblanc, A.J. (1997). The forms and mechanisms of stress proliferation: The case of AIDS caregivers. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 38, 223-236.
46. Pearlin, L.I., Menaghan E.G., Lieberman, M.A., & Mullan, J.T. (1981). The stress process. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 22, 337-356.
47. Pearlin, L.I., Mullan, J.T., Semple, S.L., & Skaff, M.M. (1990). Caregiving and the stress process: An overview of concepts and measures. The Gerontologist, 30, 583-594.
48. Roth, P.L., Switzer, F.S., & Switzer, D.M. (1999). Missing data in multiple item scales: A Monte Carlo analysis of missing data techniques. Organizational Research Methods, 2, 211-232.
49. RTI International. (2004). SUDAAN (Version 9.0.0) [Computer software]. Research Triangle Park, NC: Author.
50. Rubin, D.B. (1987). Multiple imputation for nonresponse in surveys. New York: John Wiley.
51. Schafer, J.L. (1997). Analysis of incomplete multivariate data. New York: Chapman & Hall.
52. Schafer, J.L., & Graham, J.W. (2002). Missing data: Our view of the state of the art. Psychological Methods, 7, 147-177.
53. Schoen, R., Rogers, S.J., & Amato, P.R. (2006). Wives' employment and spouses' marital happiness: Assessing the direction of influence using longitudinal couple data. Journal of Family Issues, 27, 506-528.
54. Seltzer, J.A. (2000). Families formed outside of marriage. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 62, 1247-1268.
55. Simon, R.W. (2002). Revisiting the relationships among gender, marital status, and mental health. American Journal of Sociology, 107, 1065-1096.
56. Stephen, R., & Yinger, J. (2002). The color of credit: Mortgage discrimination, research methodology, and fair-lending enforcement. Cambridge: MIT Press.
57. Takeuchi, D.T., & Williams, D.R. (2003). Race, ethnicity, and mental health in society. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 44, 233-236.
58. Taylor, R.J., Tucker, M.B., Chatters, L.M., & Jayakody, R. (1997). Recent demographic trends in African American family structure. In R. J. Taylor, J. S. Jackson, & L. M. Chatters (Eds.), Family life in Black America (pp. 14-62). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
59. Taylor, T.R., Kamarch, T.W., & Shiffman, S. (2004). Validation of the Detroit Area Study Discrimination Scale in a community sample of older African American adults: The Pittsburgh Healthy Heart Project. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 11, 88-94.
60. Timmer, S., & Veroff, J. (2000). Family ties and the discontinuity of divorce in Black and White newlywed couples. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 62, 349-361.
61. Turner, M.A., Stephen, L.R., Galster, G.C., & Yinger, J. (2002). Discrimination in Metropolitan Housing Markets: National Results from Phase 1 of the HDS 2000. Washington, DC: Urban Institute. Retrieved March 19, 2007, from http://www.huduser.org/portal/publications/pdf/Phase1_Annex_1.pdf.
62. U.S. Bureau of the Census. (2001). Poverty 2000. Washington, DC: Author.
63. U.S. Bureau of the Census. (2005). We the people: Blacks in the United States (Census 2000 Special Report). Washington, DC: Author.
64. U.S. Bureau of the Census. (2008). Income, poverty, and health insurance coverage in the United States: 2007 (Current Population Reports). Washington, DC: Author.
65. U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. (2007, March). Walgreens sued for job bias against Blacks (Press release). Retrieved March 19, 2007, from http://www.eeoc.gov/press/3-7-07.html.
66. Waite, L., & Gallagher, M. (2000). The case for marriage: Why married people are healthier, happier, and better-off financially. New York: Doubleday.
67. Williams, D.R. (2000). Race and health in Kansas: Data, issues, directions. In A. R. Tarlov & R. F. St. Peter (Eds.), The society and population health reader (pp. 236-258). New York: New Press.
68. Williams, D.R., & Collins, C. (1995). U.S. socioeconomic and racial differences in health: Patterns and explanations. Annual Review of Sociology, 21, 349-386.
69. Williams, D.R., Yu, Y., Jackson, J., & Anderson, N.B. (1997). Racial differences in physical and mental health. Journal of Health Psychology, 2, 335-351.