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18
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0038689280
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21
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24
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0020445855
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33
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77953872018
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note
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2) were obtained and identified using the same procedure as CA-His dipeptides.
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34
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77953870773
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note
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Calculation of Log P and Log S of CA-His dipeptides: The partitioning coefficient, Log P, was calculated using ChemDraw Ultra (CambridgeSoft). Additionally, the aqueous solubility (Log S) was calculated using online-Log P/Log S calculation software, ALOGPS 2.1 (www.vcclab.org/lab/alogps/).
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38
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77953872673
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note
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516 nm (t = 0)] × 100. The negative control was a mixture of 0.1 mM methanolic DPPH solution (1480 μL) and 20 μL of methanol instead of the samples. All of the experiments were performed in triplicate and averaged.
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42
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77953869983
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note
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Determination of radical scavenging activity in various solvent systems: The %RSA of the selected antioxidants was also evaluated under different solvent systems such as tert-butanol, acetonitrile or acetate buffered methanol (pH 5.5). The DPPH solution with acetonitrile and tert-butanol was prepared in the same way as the aforementioned methanolic DPPH solution. The buffered methanolic DPPH solution was prepared in the mixture of pH 5.5 acetate buffer, making its final concentration 0.1 mM.
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43
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33646518792
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Amorati R., Pedulli G.F., Cabrini L., Zambonin L., and Landi L. J. Agric. Food Chem. 54 (2006) 2932
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Pedulli, G.F.2
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Zambonin, L.4
Landi, L.5
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45
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77953872613
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note
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20 Five independent measurements were performed, and each experiment was run in triplicate. The control experiment without antioxidant was repeated 10 times in order to define the oxidation curve in the lipid emulsified autoxidation system. The absorbance of the negative control reached approximately 1 (1.059-1.092) at 10 h, and continued to increase up to a value of approximately 2 (1.824-2.112) at 48 h before decreasing again. The antioxidative activity of the compounds was delineated in terms of the ability to restrict the early stage of the lipid peroxidation (Fig. 3) because alkylperoxyl radicals were spontaneously induced in air. The percentage of lipid peroxidation inhibition (%Pi) was calculated when the absorbance at 500 nm of the control (without antioxidant) reached approximately 1.
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47
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33748728249
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Wakisaka A., Abdoul-Carime H., Yamamoto Y., and Kiyozumi Y. J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 94 (1998) 369
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Wakisaka, A.1
Abdoul-Carime, H.2
Yamamoto, Y.3
Kiyozumi, Y.4
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48
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0021045099
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Noro T., Oda Y., Miyase T., Ueno A., and Fukushima S. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 31 (1983) 3984
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Noro, T.1
Oda, Y.2
Miyase, T.3
Ueno, A.4
Fukushima, S.5
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50
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12144261261
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Ihara N., Kurisawa M., Chung J.E., Uyama H., and Kobayashi S. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 66 (2005) 430
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Ihara, N.1
Kurisawa, M.2
Chung, J.E.3
Uyama, H.4
Kobayashi, S.5
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51
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77953871318
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note
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48 Sodium phosphate buffer (0.1 M, pH 7.5, 580 μL), 20 μL of xanthine oxidase from cow's milk obtained from Aldrich, and 200 μL of the 0.7 mM test samples were mixed in an Eppendorf tube at 25 °C for 15 min. Then, 400 μL of 0.15 mM xanthine solution was treated for 30 min at 25 °C, and was quenched by 100 μL of 1 N HCl. The absorbance of the reaction mixture was measured at 290 nm. Three independent measurements were performed, and each experiment was run in triplicate. The percentage of xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity was calculated when the absorbance at 290 nm of the control (without antioxidant) reached approximately 2.5 (2.547-2.558).
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