Lymph node mapping in patients with bladder cancer undergoing radical cystectomy and lymph node dissection to the level of the inferior mesenteric artery

BJU International

Volumn 106, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 199-205

  Jensen, Jørgen B ^a   Ulhøi, Benedicte P ^a   Jensen, Klaus M E ^a  

^a AARHUS UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Denmark)

Author keywords

bladder cancer; cystectomy; extended; lymphadenectomy; metastases

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BLADDER CANCER; CANCER STAGING; CYSTECTOMY; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; ILIAC ARTERY; INFERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY; INVASIVE CARCINOMA; LYMPH NODE DISSECTION; LYMPH NODE METASTASIS; LYMPHADENECTOMY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; CYSTECTOMY; EPIDEMIOLOGIC METHODS; FEMALE; HUMANS; LYMPH NODE EXCISION; LYMPH NODES; LYMPHATIC METASTASIS; MALE; MESENTERIC ARTERY, INFERIOR; MIDDLE AGED; NEOPLASM STAGING; URINARY BLADDER NEOPLASMS;

EID: 77953830339     PISSN: 14644096     EISSN: 1464410X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2009.09118.x     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Huang GJ, Stein JP. Open radical cystectomy with lymphadenectomy remains the treatment of choice for invasive bladder cancer. Curr Opin Urol 2007 17 : 369 375
2. Marshall VF, Whitmore WF. A technique for the extension of radical surgery in the treatment of vesical cancer. Cancer 1949 2 : 424 428
3. Leadbetter WF, Cooper JF. Regional gland dissection for carcinoma of the bladder; a technique for one-stage cystectomy, gland dissection, and bilateral uretero-enterostomy. J Urol 1950 63 : 242 260
4. Stein JP, Quek ML, Skinner DG. Lymphadenectomy for invasive bladder cancer: I: historical perspective and contemporary rationale. BJU Int 2006 97 : 227 231
5. Skinner DG. Management of invasive bladder cancer: a meticulous pelvic node dissection can make a difference. J Urol 1982 128 : 34 6
6. Stein JP. Lymphadenectomy in bladder cancer: how high is 'high enough'? Urol Oncol 2006 24 : 349 355
7. Leissner J, Ghoneim MA, Abol-Enein H et al. Extended radical lymphadenectomy in patients with urothelial bladder cancer: results of a prospective multicenter study. J Urol 2004 171 : 139 144
8. Abol-Enein H, El-Baz M, Abd El-Hameed MA, Abdel-Latif M, Ghoneim MA. Lymph node involvement in patients with bladder cancer treated with radical cystectomy: a patho-anatomical study - a single center experience. J Urol 2004 172 : 1818 1821
9. Vazina A, Dugi D, Shariat SF, Evans J, Link R, Lerner SP. Stage specific lymph node metastasis mapping in radical cystectomy specimens. J Urol 2004 171 : 1830 1834
10. Wiesner C, Salzer A, Thomas C et al. Cancer-specific survival after radical cystectomy and standardized extended lymphadenectomy for node-positive bladder cancer: prediction by lymph node positivity and density. BJU Int 2009 104 : 331 335
11. Jensen JB, Ulhøi BP, Jensen KM. Estimation of the true number of lymph nodes in lymphadenectomy specimens from radical cystectomy. Scand J Urol Nephrol 2009 43 : 288 292
12. Bochner BH, Herr HW, Reuter VE. Impact of separate versus en bloc pelvic lymph node dissection on the number of lymph nodes retrieved in cystectomy specimens. J Urol 2001 166 : 2295 2296
13. Stein JP, Penson DF, Cai J et al. Radical cystectomy with extended lymphadenectomy: evaluating separate package versus en bloc submission for node positive bladder cancer. J Urol 2007 177 : 876 882
14. Bochner BH, Cho D, Herr HW, Donat M, Kattan MW, Dalbagni G. Prospectively packaged lymph node dissections with radical cystectomy: evaluation of node count variability and node mapping. J Urol 2004 172 : 1286 1290
15. Fleischmann A, Thalmann GN, Markwalder R, Studer UE. Extracapsular extension of pelvic lymph node metastases from urothelial carcinoma of the bladder is an independent prognostic factor. J Clin Oncol 2005 23 : 2358 2365 (Pubitemid 46218729)
16. Lerner SP. The role and extent of pelvic lymphadenectomy in the management of patients with invasive urothelial carcinoma. Curr Treat Options Oncol 2009 10 : 267 274
17. Capitanio U, Suardi N, Shariat SF et al. Assessing the minimum number of lymph nodes needed at radical cystectomy in patients with bladder cancer. BJU Int 2009 103 : 1359 1362
18. Stein JP, Cai J, Groshen S, Skinner DG. Risk factors for patients with pelvic lymph node metastases following radical cystectomy with en bloc pelvic lymphadenectomy: concept of lymph node density. J Urol 2003 170 : 35 41
19. Poulsen AL, Horn T, Steven K. Radical cystectomy: extending the limits of pelvic lymph node dissection improves survival for patients with bladder cancer confined to the bladder wall. J Urol 1998 160 : 2015 2020
20. Steven K, Poulsen AL. Radical cystectomy and extended pelvic lymphadenectomy: survival of patients with lymph node metastasis above the bifurcation of the common iliac vessels treated with surgery only. J Urol 2007 178 : 1218 1224
21. Dhar NB, Klein EA, Reuther AM, Thalmann GN, Madersbacher S, Studer UE. Outcome after radical cystectomy with limited or extended pelvic lymph node dissection. J Urol 2008 179 : 873 878
22. Leissner J, Hohenfellner R, Thuroff JW, Wolf HK. Lymphadenectomy in patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder; significance for staging and prognosis. BJU Int 2000 85 : 817 823
23. Wishnow KI, Johnson DE, Ro JY, Swanson DA, Babaian RJ, von Eschenbach AC. Incidence, extent and location of unsuspected pelvic lymph node metastasis in patients undergoing radical cystectomy for bladder cancer. J Urol 1987 137 : 408 410
24. Mills RD, Turner WH, Fleischmann A, Markwalder R, Thalmann GN, Studer UE. Pelvic lymph node metastases from bladder cancer: outcome in 83 patients after radical cystectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy. J Urol 2001 166 : 19 23
25. Stein JP. The role of lymphadenectomy in patients undergoing radical cystectomy for bladder cancer. Curr Oncol Rep 2007 9 : 213 221
26. Horenblas S, Jansen L, Meinhardt W, de Hoefnagel CAJD, Nieweg OE. Detection of occult metastasis in squamous cell carcinoma of the penis using a dynamic sentinel node procedure. J Urol 2000 163 : 100 104
27. Liedberg F, Chebil G, Davidsson T, Gudjonsson S, Mansson W. Intraoperative sentinel node detection improves nodal staging in invasive bladder cancer. J Urol 2006 175 : 84 9
28. Brössner C, Pycha A, Toth A, Mian C, Kuber W. Does extended lymphadenectomy increase the morbidity of radical cystectomy? BJU Int 2004 93 : 64 6
29. El-Shazli S, Anwar H, Ramzy S, Al-Didi M. Extended lymphadenectomy to the lower paraaortic nodes during radical cystectomy. J Egypt Natl Canc Inst 2004 16 : 22 8