Alcohol as a risk factor for liver cirrhosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Drug and Alcohol Review

Volumn 29, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 437-445

  Rehm, Jürgen ^a,b,c   Taylor, Benjamin ^a,b   Mohapatra, Satya ^a   Irving, Hyacinth ^a   Baliunas, Dolly ^a,b   Patra, Jayadeep ^a   Roerecke, Michael ^a,b  

^a CENTRE FOR ADDICTION AND MENTAL HEALTH   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^c DRESDEN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Germany)

Author keywords

Alcohol; Liver cirrhosis; Meta analysis; Morbidity; Mortality

Indexed keywords

ALCOHOL LIVER CIRRHOSIS; ALCOHOLISM; ANIMAL; BIOASSAY; CASE CONTROL STUDY; CLINICAL TRIAL; COHORT ANALYSIS; COMPARATIVE STUDY; DRINKING BEHAVIOR; FEMALE; HUMAN; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; MALE; MULTICENTER STUDY; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR;

ALCOHOL DRINKING; ALCOHOLISM; ANIMALS; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; COHORT STUDIES; ENDPOINT DETERMINATION; FEMALE; HUMANS; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; LIVER CIRRHOSIS, ALCOHOLIC; MALE; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 77953808099     PISSN: 09595236     EISSN: 14653362     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1465-3362.2009.00153.x     Document Type: Review

References (62)

1. Rush B. An inquiry into the effects of ardent spirits upon the human body and mind: with an account of the means of preventing, and of the remedies for curing them, 8th edn. Reprint. Exeter: Richardson, 1785.
2. Rehm J, Mathers C, Popova S, Thavorncharoensap M, Teerawattananon Y, Patra J. Global burden of disease and injury and economic cost attributable to alcohol use and alcohol-use disorders. Lancet 2009;373:2223-33.
3. Rehm J, Room R, Graham K, Monteiro M, Gmel G, Sempos C. The relationship of average volume of alcohol consumption and patterns of drinking to burden of disease-an overview. Addiction 2003;98:1209-28.
4. Rehm J, Room R, Monteiro M, et al. Alcohol as a risk factor for global burden of disease. Eur Addict Res 2003;9:157-64.
5. Corrao G, Bagnardi V, Zambon A, Arico S. Exploring the dose-response relationship between alcohol consumption and the risk of several alcohol-related conditions: a meta-analysis. Addiction 1999;94:1551-73.
6. Corrao G, Bagnardi V, Zambon A, La Vecchia C. A metaanalysis of alcohol consumption and the risk of 15 diseases. Prev Med 2004;38:613-19.
7. Corrao G, Bagnardi V, Zambon A, Torchio P. Metaanalysis of alcohol intake in relation to risk of liver cirrhosis. Alcohol Alcohol 1998;33:381-92.
8. English D, Holman C, Milne E, et al. The quantification of drug caused morbidity and mortality in Australia 1995. Canberra: Commonwealth Department of Human Services and Health, 1995.
9. Lelbach WK. Quantitative aspects of drinking in alcoholic liver cirrhosis. In: Khanna HM, Israel Y, Kalant H, eds. Alcoholic liver pathology. Toronto, Canada: Toronto Addiction Research Foundation of Ontario, 1975:1-18.
10. Kamper-Jørgensen M, Grønbæk M, Tolstrup J, Becker U. Alcohol and cirrhosis: dose-response or threshold effect? J Hepatol 2004;41:25-30.
11. Lieber CS. Biochemical and molecular basis of alcoholinduced injury to liver and other tissues. N Engl J Med 1988;319:1639-50.
12. Neuman M. Cytokines-central factors in alcoholic liver disease. Alcohol Res Health 2003;27:307-16.
13. Szabo G, Mandrekar P. A recent perspective on alcohol, immunity, and host defense. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2009;33:220-32.
14. Zakhari S, Li T. Determinants of alcohol use and abuse: impact of quantity and frequency patterns on liver. Hepatology 2007;46:2032-9.
15. Lelbach W. Epidemiology of alcoholic liver disease. Prog Liver Dis 1976;5:515.
16. Rehm J, Baliunas D, Borges GLG, et al. The relation between different dimensions of alcohol consumption and burden of disease-an overview. Toronto: CAMH, 2009.
17. Shaper A, Wannamethee G, Walker M. Alcohol and mortality in British men: explaining the U-shaped curve. Lancet 1988;2:1267-73.
18. WHO. International guide for monitoring alcohol consumption and related harm. Geneva: WHO, Department of Mental Health and Substance Dependence, 2000.
19. Gutjahr E, Gmel G, Rehm J. The relation between average alcohol consumption and disease: an overview. Eur Addict Res 2001;7:117-27.
20. Gmel G, Gutjahr E, Rehm J. How stable is the risk curve between alcohol and all-cause mortality and what factors influence the shape? A precision-weighted hierarchical meta-analysis. Eur J Epidemiol 2003;18:631-42.
21. Greenland S, Longnecker MP. Methods for trend estimation from summarized dose-response data, with applications to meta-analysis. Am J Epidemiol 1992;135:1301-9.
22. Orsini NBR, Greenland S. Generalized least squares for trend estimation of summarized dose-response data. Stata J 2006;6:40-57.
23. Royston P, Sauerbrei W. Multivariable model-building: a pragmatic approach to regression analysis based on fractional polynomials for modelling continuous variables. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, 2008.
24. May S, Bigelow C. Modeling nonlinear dose-response relationships in epidemiologic studies: statistical approaches and practical challenges. Dose Response 2005;3:474-90.
25. Higgins JP, Thompson SG. Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis. Stat Med 2002;21:1539-58.
26. Egger M, Smith GD, Schneider M, Minder C. Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test. BMJ 1997;315:629-34.
27. Begg CB, Mazumdar M. Operating characteristics of a rank correlation test for publication bias. Biometrics 1994;50:1088-101.
28. Stata Corporation. Stata statistical software. Release 10.1. College Station: Stata Corporation, 2008.
29. Blackwelder WC, Yano K, Rhoads GG, Kagan A, Gordon T, Palesch Y. Alcohol and mortality: the Honolulu Heart Study. Am J Med 1980;68:164-9.
30. Klatsky AL, Friedman GD, Siegelaub AB. Alcohol and mortality. A ten-year Kaiser-Permanente experience. Ann Intern Med 1981;95:139-45.
31. Gordon T, Kannel WB. Drinking and mortality. The Framingham Study. Am J Epidemiol 1984;120:97-107.
32. Kono S, Ikeda M, Tokudome S, Nishizumi M, Kuratsune M. Alcohol and mortality: a cohort study of male Japanese physicians. Int J Epidemiol 1986;15:527-32.
33. Gordon T, Doyle JT. Drinking and mortality. The Albany Study. Am J Epidemiol 1987;125:263-70.
34. Garfinkel L, Boffetta P, Stellman SD. Alcohol and breast cancer: a cohort study. Prev Med 1988;17:686-93.
35. Boffetta P, Garfinkel L. Alcohol drinking and mortality among men enrolled in an American Cancer Society prospective study. Epidemiol 1990;1:342-8.
36. Corrao G, Arico S, Carle F, et al. A case-control study on alcohol consumption and the risk of chronic liver disease. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 1991;39:333-43.
37. Corrao G, Arico S, Lepore R, et al. Amount and duration of alcohol intake as risk factors of symptomatic liver cirrhosis: a case-control study. J Clin Epidemiol 1993;46:601-7.
38. Fuchs CS, Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA, et al. Alcohol consumption and mortality among women. N Engl J Med 1995;332:1245-50.
39. Becker U, Deis A, Sorensen T, et al. Prediction of risk of liver disease by alcohol intake, sex, and age: a prospective population study. Hepatology 1996;23:1025-9.
40. Bellentani S, Saccoccio G, Costa G, et al. Drinking habits as cofactors of risk for alcohol induced liver damage. Gut 1997;41:845-50.
41. Corrao G, Arico S, Zambon A, Torchio P, Di Orio F. Female sex and the risk of liver cirrhosis. Collaborative Groups for the Study of Liver Diseases in Italy. Scand J Gastroenterol 1997;32:1174-80.
42. Thun MJ, Peto R, Lopez AD, et al. Alcohol consumption and mortality among middle-aged and elderly U.S. adults. N Engl J Med 1997;337:1705-14.
43. Yuan JM, Ross RK, Gao YT, Henderson BE, Yu MC. Follow up study of moderate alcohol intake and mortality among middle aged men in Shanghai, China. BMJ 1997;314:18-23.
44. Becker U, Gronbaek M, Johansen D, Sorensen TI. Lower risk for alcohol-induced cirrhosis in wine drinkers. [see comment]. Hepatology 2002;35:868-75.
45. Klatsky AL, Friedman GD, Armstrong MA, Kipp H. Wine, liquor, beer, and mortality. Am J Epidemiol 2003;158:585-95.
46. Taylor B, Rehm J. Moderate alcohol consumption and diseases of the gastrointestinal system: a review of pathophysiological processes. Dig Dis 2005;23:177-80.
47. Taylor B, Rehm J, Gmel G. Moderate alcohol consumption and the gastrointestinal tract. Dig Dis 2005;23:170-6.
48. Rehm J, Irving H, Ye Y, Kerr WC, Bond J, Greenfield TK. Are lifetime abstainers the best control group in alcohol epidemiology? On the stability and validity of reported lifetime abstention. Am J Epidemiol 2008;168:866-71.
49. Klatsky AL. Invited commentary: never, or hardly ever? It could make a difference. Am J Epidemiol 2008;168: 872-5.
50. Rehm J, Irving H, Ye Y, Kerr WC, Bond J, Greenfield TK. Rehm et al. respond to 'Never, or Hardly Ever?'. Am J Epidemiol 2008;168:876-7.
51. Neuman MG, Monteiro M, Rehm J. Drug interactions between psychoactive substances and antiretroviral therapy in individuals infected with human immunodeficiency and hepatitis viruses. Subst Use Misuse 2006;41:1395-463.
52. Pequignot G, Tuyns AJ, Berta JL. Ascitic cirrhosis in relation to alcohol consumption. Int J Epidemiol 1978;7: 113-20.
53. Tuyns AJ, Pequignot G. Greater risk of ascitic cirrhosis in females in relation to alcohol consumption. Int J Epidemiol 1984;13:53-7.
54. Stokkeland K, Hilm G, Spak F, Franck J, Hultcrantz R. Different drinking patterns for women and men with alcohol dependence with and without alcoholic cirrhosis. Alcohol Alcohol 2008;43:39-45.
55. Hatton J, Burton A, Nash H, Munn E, Burgoyne L, Sheron N. Drinking patterns, dependency and life-time drinking history in alcohol-related liver disease. Addiction 2009;104:587-92.
56. Dawson DA, Li TK, Grant BF. A prospective study of risk drinking: at risk for what? Drug Alcohol Depend 2008;95:62-72.
57. Gronbaek M, Jensen MK, Johansen D, Sorensen TI, Becker U. Intake of beer, wine and spirits and risk of heavy drinking and alcoholic cirrhosis. Biol Res 2004;37:195-200.
58. Pelletier S, Vaucher E, Aider R, et al. Wine consumption is not associated with a decreased risk of alcoholic cirrhosis in heavy drinkers. Alcohol Alcohol 2002;37:618-21.
59. Rehm J, Room R, Monteiro M, Gmel G, Graham K, Rehn N, Sempos C, Frick U, Jernigan D. Comparative quantification of health risks. Global and regional burden of disease attributable to selected major risk factors. In: Ezzati M, Lopez AD, Rodgers A, Murray CJL, eds. Alcohol use. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2004:959-1108. ISBN 92 4 158031 3.
60. Single E, Robson L, Xie X, et al. The costs of substance abuse in Canada. Ottawa: Canadian Centre on Substance Abuse, 1996. ISBN: 1-896323-18-9.
61. Hockertz S, Emmendorffer A, Scherer G, et al. Acute effects of smoking and high experimental exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) on the immune system. Cell Biol Toxicol 1994;10:177-90.
62. Manchikanti L, Singh A. Therapeutic opioids: a ten-year perspective on the complexities and complications of the escalating use, abuse, and nonmedical use of opioids. Pain Physician 2008;11:S63-S88.