The health and socioeconomic impacts of major multi-sport events: Systematic review (1978-2008)

BMJ (Online)

Volumn 340, Issue 7758, 2010, Pages 1229-

  McCartney, Gerry ^a   Thomas, Sian ^b   Thomson, Hilary ^a   Scott, John ^c   Hamilton, Val ^d   Hanlon, Phil ^e   Morrison, David S ^e   Bond, Lyndal ^a  

^a MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL   (United Kingdom)

^b Sandside   (United Kingdom)

^c NHS GREATER GLASGOW AND CLYDE   (United Kingdom)

^d Aundorach House   (United Kingdom)

^e UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CHILD HEALTH CARE; DRUG USE; ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT; HEALTH SERVICE; HUMAN; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; RECREATION; SOCIOECONOMICS; SPORTING EVENT; SPORTS MEDICINE; SUICIDE; SYSTEMATIC ERROR; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW;

COMMERCE; EMIGRATION AND IMMIGRATION; EMPLOYMENT; ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH; EXERCISE; HEALTH PROMOTION; HEALTH STATUS; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMANS; POLICE; RECREATION; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS; SPORTS; TRANSPORTATION; VOLUNTARY WORKERS;

EID: 77953708823     PISSN: None     EISSN: 17561833     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.c2369     Document Type: Article

References (76)

1. London candidate file. London 2012 Ltd, 2004.
2. People Place Passion. Glasgow 2014 Commonwealth Games candidate city file. 2007.
3. TheScottishGovernment.Glasgow 2014 - delivering a lasting legacy for Scotland. A consultation paper. 2008. www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2008/02/ 14115955/0.
4. Department for Culture, Media and Sport. Before, during and after. Making the most of the London 2012 Games. 2008. www.culture.gov.uk/images/ publications/2012LegacyActionPlan.pdf.
5. Dahlgren G, Whitehead M. Policies and strategies to promote social equity in health. Institute of Futures Studies, 1991.
6. Weed M, Coren E, Fiore J, Mansfield L, Wellard I, Chatziefstathiou D, et al. A systematic review of the evidence base for developing a physical activity and health legacy from the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games. Department of Health, 2009.
7. Wintour P. We would not have bid for games during recession, says Jowell. Guardian 13 November 2008. www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2008/nov/13/olympics2012- recession.
8. BrownA,MasseyJ.Literature review: the impact of major sporting events. Manchester Institute for Popular Culture, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2001.
9. Horne J. The four "knowns" of sports mega-events. Leisure Studies 2007;26:81-96.
10. McCartney G. A systematic review of the health impact of major sporting events on the host population Glasgow. MRC Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, 2008.
11. Preuss H. The impact and evaluation of major sporting events. Routledge, 2007.
12. Effective Public Health Practice Project. Quality assessment tool for quantitative studies. Effective Public Health Practice Project, 1998. http://nccmt.ca/uploads/registry/QATool.pdf.
13. Dixon-Woods M, Shaw RL, Agarwal S, Smith JA. The problem of appraising qualitative research. Qual Saf Health Care 2004;13:223-5.
14. Weightman A, Ellis S, Cullum A, Sander L, Turley R. Grading evidence and recommendations for public health interventions: developing and piloting a framework. Health Development Agency, 2005.
15. Popay J, Roberts H, Sowden A, Petticrew M, Arai L, Rodgers M, et al. Guidance on the conduct of narrative synthesis in systematic reviews. A product from the ESRC methods programme. Version 1. ESRC, 2006.
16. Shin EH. The Olympic Games and suicides: an analysis of the effects of the Seoul Olympiad on social integration in Korea. Toward one world beyond all barriers, English ed. Seoul Olympic Sports Promotion Foundation, 2000.
17. Lee JT, Son JY, Cho YS. Benefits of mitigated ambient air quality due to transportation control on childhood asthma hospitalization during the 2002 summer Asian games in Busan, Korea. J Air WasteManage Assoc 2007;57:968-73.
18. Friedman MS, Powell KE, Hutwagner L, Graham LM, Teague WG. Impact of changes in transportation and commuting behaviors during the 1996 Summer Olympic Games in Atlanta on air quality and childhood asthma. JAMA 2001;285:897-905.
19. SimonHK, StegelmanM, Button T. A prospective evaluation of pediatric emergency care during the 1996 Summer Olympic Games in Atlanta, Georgia. Pediatr Emerg Care 1998;14:1-3.
20. IndigD, Thackway S, JormL, Salmon A, Owen T. Illicit drug-related harm during the Sydney 2000 Olympic Games: implications for public health surveillance and action. Addiction 2003;98:97-102.
21. MORI. The sports development impact of the Commonwealth Games 2002 - post-games research. Final report. Research study conducted for UK Sport in Greater Manchester, Blackburn, Congleton and Liverpool. MORI, 2004.
22. Truno E. Barcelona: city of sport. Centre d'Estudis Olimpics, 1995.
23. Brown A, Massey J, Porter C. The sports development impact of the 2002 Commonwealth Games: post games report. Manchester Institute for Popular Culture, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2004.
24. Newby L. To what extent have the Commonwealth Games accelerated the physical, social, and economic regeneration of East Manchester? University of Glasgow, 2003.
25. Institute of Social and Economic Research. Economic impact of the 2001 Special Olympics World Winter Games, Alaska. Institute of Social and Economic Research, University of Alaska Anchorage, 2002.
26. Kasimati E, Dawson P. Assessing the impact of the 2004 Olympic Games on the Greek economy: a small macroeconometric model. Econ Model 2009;26:139-46.
27. KPMG. Economic impact study of the Melbourne 2006 Commonwealth Games: post-event analysis. Office of Commonwealth Games Coordination, 2006.
28. Economics Research A. Community economic impact of the 1984 Olympic Games in Los Angeles and Southern California. ERA, 1984.
29. Hotchkiss JL, Moore RE, Zobay SM. Impact of the 1996 summer Olympic games on employment and wages in Georgia. Southern Econ J 2003;69:691-704.
30. Kim J-G, Rhee S-W, Yu J-C, Koo K-M, Hong J-D. Impact of the Seoul Olympic Games on national development. Korea Development Institute, 1989.
31. Greater London Authority. A lasting legacy for London? Assessing the legacy of the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games. GLA, 2007.
32. Lybbert TJ, Thilmany DD.Migration effects of Olympic siting: a pooled time series cross-sectional analysis of host regions. Ann Reg Sci 2000;34:405-20.
33. Pitts BG, Ayers EK. An analysis of visitor spending and economic scale on Amsterdam from the Gay Games V, 1998. International Journal of Sport Management 2001;2:134-51.
34. Tucker L. How does hosting the Olympic Games impact employment in the host city? Undergraduate student paper contest. Carleton College & the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis, 2006.
35. Smith A, Fox T. From "event-led" to "event-themed" regeneration: the 2002 Commonwealth Games legacy programme. Urban Stud 2007;44:1125-43.
36. Sterken E. Growth impact of major sporting events. European Sport Management Quarterly 2006;6:375-89.
37. Baade RA, Matheson V. Bidding for the Olympics: fool's gold? In: Barros CP, IbrahimoM, Szymanski SE, eds. Transatlantic sport: the comparative economics of North American and European sports. Edward Elgar, 2002.
38. Giesecke J, Madden J. The Sydney Olympics, seven years on: an expost dynamic CGE assessment. Centre of Policy Studies, Monash University, 2007.
39. Brunet F. Economy of the 1992 Barcelona Olympic Games. International Olympic Committee, 1993.
40. Preuss H. The economics of staging the Olympics: a comparison of the Games 1972-2008. Edward Elgar, 2006.
41. Searle G. Uncertain legacy: Sydney's Olympic stadiums. European Planning Studies 2002;10:845-60. (Pubitemid 35162156)
42. Veraros N, Kasimati E, Dawson P. The 2004 Olympic Games announcement and its effect on the Athens and Milan stock exchanges. Applied Economics Letters 2004;11:749-53. (Pubitemid 39338358)
43. Berman G, Brooks R, Davidson S. The Sydney Olympic Games announcement and Australian stock market reaction. Applied Economics Letters 2000;7:781-4.
44. O'Brien DJ. Strategic business leveraging of a mega sport event: the Sydney 2000 Olympic Games experience. CRC for Sustainable Tourism, 2005.
45. O'Brien D, Gardiner S. Creating sustainable mega event impacts: networking and relationship development through pre-event training. Sport Management Review 2006;9:25-47.
46. Mount J, Leroux C. Assessing the effects of a mega-event: a retrospective study of the impact of the Olympic Games on the Calgary business sector. Festival Management & Event Tourism 1994;2:15-23.
47. Potter CSJ. Assessing the impacts of transportation on ambient air quality: the 1996 Atlanta Olympics. Transportation Research Board, 1998.
48. Lee BK, Jun NY, Lee HK. Analysis of impacts on urban air quality by restricting the operation of passenger vehicles during Asian Game events in Busan, Korea. Atmos Environ 2005;39:2323-38.
49. Giuliano G. Changes in travel demand characteristics during the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics. Institute of Transportation Studies, University of California, 1986.
50. Hallenbeck ME. Traffic impacts during the Goodwill Games: final report, research project GC8719, task 29, Goodwill Games traffic impacts. Washington State Department of Transportation, Planning and Research, and Public Transportation Division, in cooperation with the US Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, 1991.
51. Hensher DABA. Going for gold at the Sydney Olympics: how did transport perform? Institute of Transport Studies, Australian Key Centre in Transport Management, the University of Sydney and Monash University, 2001.
52. Fidell S, Pearsons K, Tabachnick BG, Howe R. Effects on sleep disturbance of changes in aircraft noise near three airports. J Acoust Soc Am 2000;107:2535-47. (Pubitemid 30304901)
53. Lumsdon L. An evaluation of the motivations, expectations and experiences of volunteers prior to and during the XVII Commonwealth Games, Manchester, UK, 25th July-4th August 2002. Report 2: qualitative analysis. Manchester Metropolitan University and UK Sport, 2003.
54. Downward PM, Ralston R. The sports development potential of sports event volunteering: insights from the XVII Manchester Commonwealth Games. European Sport Management Quarterly 2006;6:333-51.
55. Kemp S. The hidden workforce: volunteers' learning in the Olympics. Journal of European Industrial Training 2002;26:109-16.
56. Decker SH, Varano SP, Greene JR. Routine crimein exceptional times: the impact of the 2002 Winter Olympics on citizen demand for police services. J CrimJustice 2007;35:89-101.
57. Halifax Plc. House prices in East End rise after Olympic win (press release). 2007. www.easier.com/32562-house-prices-in-east-end-rise-afterolympic- win.html.
58. Hiller HH, Moylan D. Mega-events and community obsolescence: redevelopment versus rehabilitation in Victoria Park East. Can J Urban Res 1999;8:47-81. (Pubitemid 29456669)
59. Hopkins E,Nackerud L. An analysis of Atlanta's ordinance prohibiting urban camping: passage and early implementation. Journal of Social Distress and the Homeless 1999;8:269-89.
60. Owen K. The Sydney 2000 Olympics and urban entrepreneurialism: local variations in urban governance. Aust Geogr Stud 2002;40:323-36.
61. Waitt G. The Olympic spirit and civic boosterism: the Sydney 2000 Olympics. Tourism Geographies 2001;3:249-78.
62. Kolstad A, Rundmo T, Svarva K. The consequences of the Olympic Games on the host city residents' value system. Corpus, Psyche et Societas 1995;2:85-94.
63. Hargreaves JER. Freedom for Catalonia? Catalan nationalism, Spanish identity and the Barcelona Olympic Games. CambridgeUniversity Press, 2000.
64. Spilling OR. Mega-event as strategy for regional development: the case of the 1994 Lillehammer Winter Olympics. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development 1996;8:321-44.
65. Teigland J.Mega-events and impacts on tourism: the predictions and realities of the Lillehammer Olympics. Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal 1999;17:305-17.
66. Kang Y-S, Perdue R. Long-term impact of a mega-event on international tourism to the host country: a conceptual model and the case of the 1988 Seoul Olympics. Journal of International Consumer Marketing 1994;6:205-25.
67. Northwest Regional Development Agency. Commonwealth Games benefits study. Final report. Faber Maunsell, 2004.
68. Athanasopoulos G, Hyndman RJ. Modelling and forecasting Australian domestic tourism. Tourism Management 2008;29:19-31. (Pubitemid 47535087)
69. State of Utah Governor's Office of Planning and Budget. 2002 Olympic Winter Games. Economic, demographic and fiscal impacts. State of Utah Governor's Office of Planning and Budget, 2000.
70. Centre on Housing Rights and Evictions. Fair play for housing rights: mega-events, Olympic Games and housing rights - opportunities for the Olympic Movement and others. 2007. www.sheltercentre.org/library/ fairplay+housing+rights+mega +events+olympic+games+housing+rights+opportunities+olympic +movement+others.
71. Preuss H. Problematizing arguments of the opponents of Olympic Games. In: Barney RK, Wamsley KG, Martyn SG,MacDonald GH, eds. Global and cultural critique: problematizing the Olympic Games. Centre for Olympic Studies, University of Western Ontario, 1998:197-218.
72. Crompton JL. Economic impact analysis of sports facilities and events: eleven sources of misapplication. Journal of Sport Management 9:14-35.
73. MurphyNM, Bauman A.Mass sporting and physical activity events - are they "bread and circuses" or public health interventions to increase population levels of physical activity? J Phys Act Health 2007;4:193-202.
74. New Economics Foundation. Fool's gold: how the 2012 Olympics is selling East London short, and a 10 point plan for a more positive legacy. New Economics Foundation, 2008.
75. Vila G, Gavalda J. The Barcelona Model under scrutiny: social risks of urban transformation. International Sociological Association, 2006.
76. Connell JP, Kubisch AC, Schorr LB, Weiss CH. New approaches to evaluating community initiatives. Vol. 1. Concepts, methods and contexts. Aspen Institute, 1995.