Fine-scale population structure and sex-biased dispersal in bobcats (Lynx rufus) from southern Illinois

Canadian Journal of Zoology

Volumn 88, Issue 6, 2010, Pages 536-545

  Croteau, Emily K ^a,b   Heist, Edward J ^a   Nielsen, Clayton K ^a  

^a SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b MURRAY STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALGORITHM; AUTOCORRELATION; BAYESIAN ANALYSIS; DISPERSAL; FELID; GENE FLOW; GENETIC MARKER; GENETIC STRUCTURE; PHILOPATRY; POPULATION STRUCTURE; RELATEDNESS; SEX-RELATED DIFFERENCE; STATISTICAL APPLICATION;

ILLINOIS; UNITED STATES;

LYNX; LYNX RUFUS; MAMMALIA;

EID: 77953573200     PISSN: 00084301     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1139/Z10-024     Document Type: Article

References (79)

1. Anderson, E.M., and Lovallo, M.J. 2003. Bobcat and lynx. In Wild mammals of North America: biology, conservation, and management. Edited by G.A. Feldhamer, B.C. Thompson, and J.A. Chapman. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Md. pp. 758-786.
2. Bailey, T.N. 1974. Social organization in a bobcat population. J. Wildl. Manage. 38(3): 435-446. doi:10.2307/3800874.
3. TM pour la génétique des populations. Laboratoire Génome, Populations, Interactions, CNRS UMR 5000 Université de Montpelier II, Montpelier, France. Available from http://www.genetix.univ-montp2.fr/genetix/genetix.htm [accessed 15 March 2008].
4. Benson, J.F., Chamberlain, M.J., and Leopold, B.D. 2004. Land tenure and occupation of vacant home ranges by bobcats (Lynx rufus). J. Mammal. 85(5): 983-988. doi:10.1644/BWG-132.
5. Benson, J.F., Chamberlain, M.J., and Leopold, B.D. 2006. Regulation of space use in a solitary felid: population density or prey availability? Anim. Behav. 71(3): 685-693. doi:10.1016/j. anbehav.2005.08.005.
6. Biek, R., Akamine, N., Schwartz, M.K., Ruth, T.K., Murphy, K.M., and Poss, M. 2006. Genetic consequences of sex-biased dispersal in a solitary carnivore: Yellowstone cougars. Biol. Lett. 2(2): 312-315. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2005.0437. PMID:17148391.
7. Blouin, M.S., Parsons, M., Lacaille, V., and Lotz, S. 1996. Use of microsatellite loci to classify individuals by relatedness. Mol. Ecol. 5(3): 393-401. doi:10.1016/S0169-5347(03)00225-8. PMID:8688959.
8. Campbell, V., and Strobeck, C. 2006. Fine-scale genetic structure and dispersal in Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis) within Alberta, Canada. Can. J. Zool. 84(8): 1112-1119. doi:10.1139/Z06-099.
9. Carmichael, L.E., Clark, W., and Strobeck, C. 2000. Development and characterization of microsatellite loci from lynx (Lynx canadensis), and their use in other felids. Mol. Ecol. 9(12): 2197-2199. doi:10.1046/j.1365-294X.2000.105323.x. PMID: 11123651.
10. Chamberlain, M.J., Leopold, B.D., and Conner, M.L. 2003. Space use, movements, and habitat selection of adult bobcats (Lynx rufus) in central Mississippi. Am. Midl. Nat. 149(2): 395-405. doi:10.1674/0003 0031(2003)149[0395:SUMAHS]2.0.CO;2.
11. Cockburn, A., Scott, M.P., and Scotts, D.J. 1985. Inbreeding avoidance and male-biased natal dispersal in Antechinus spp. (Marsupialia: Dasyuridae). Anim. Behav. 33(3): 908-915. doi:10.1016/ S0003-3472(85)80025-7.
12. Crowe, D.M. 1975. Aspects of aging, growth, and reproduciton of bobcats from Wyoming. J. Mammal. 56(1): 177-198. doi:10.2307/1379615. PMID:1113039.
13. Diefenbach, D.R., Hansen, L.A., Warren, R.J., and Conroy, M.J. 2006. Spatial organization of a reintroduced population of bobcats. J. Mammal. 87(2): 394-401. doi:10.1644/05-MAMM-A-114R1.1.
14. Dobson, F.S. 1982. Competition for mates and predominant juvenile male dispersal in mammals. Anim. Behav. 30(44): 1183-1192. doi:10.1016/S0003-3472(82)80209-1.
15. Evanno, G., Regnaut, S., and Goudet, J. 2005. Detecting the number of clusters of individuals using the software STRUCTURE: a simulation study. Mol. Ecol. 14(8): 2611-2620. doi:10.1111/j.1365-294X.2005.02553.x. PMID:15969739.
16. Faircloth, B.C., Reid, A., Valentine, T., Eo, S.H., Terhune, T.M., Glenn, T.C., Palmer, W.E., Nairn, C.J., and Carroll, J.P. 2005. Tetranucleotide, trinucleotide, and dinucleotide loci from the bobcat (Lynx rufus). Mol. Ecol. Notes, 5(2): 387-389. doi:10. 1111/j.1471-8286.2005.00936.x.
17. Ferreras, P., Delibes, M., Palomares, F., Fedriani, J.M., Calzada, J., and Revilla, E. 2004. Proximate and ultimate causes of dispersal in the Iberian lynx Lynx pardinus. Behav. Ecol. 15(1): 31-40. doi:10.1093/beheco/arg097.
18. Gandon, S. 1999. Kin competition, the cost of inbreeding and the evolution of dispersal. J. Theor. Biol. 200(4): 345-364. doi:10.1006/jtbi.1999.0994. PMID:10525395.
19. Goodnight, K.F., and Queller, D.C. 1999. Computer software for performing likelihood tests of pedigree relationship using ge-netic markers. Mol. Ecol. 8(7): 1231-1234. doi:10.1046/j.1365-294x.1999.00664.x. PMID:10447863.
20. Goodnight, K.F., Queller, D.C., and Poznanasky, T. 2004. Kinship. Version 1.3.1 [computer program]. Goodnight Software, Dallas, Texas. Available from http://www.gsoftnet.us/GSoft.html [ac-cessed 23 July 2009].
21. Goudet, J., Perrin, N., and Waser, P. 2002. Tests for sex-biased dispersal using bi-parentally inherited genetic markers. Mol. Ecol. 11(6): 1103-1114. doi:10.1046/j.1365-294X.2002.01496.x.PMID:12030985.
22. Greenwood, P.J. 1980. Mating systems, philopatry and dispersal in birds and mammals. Anim. Behav. 28(4): 1140-1162. doi:10.1016/S0003-3472(80)80103-5.
23. Hamilton, W.D. 1964a. The genetical evolution of social behaviour. I. J. Theor. Biol. 7(1): 1-16. doi:10.1016/0022-5193(64) 90038-4. PMID:5875341.
24. Hamilton, W.D. 1964b. The genetical evolution of social behaviour. II. J. Theor. Biol. 7(1): 17-57. doi:10.1016/0022- 5193(64)90039-6. PMID:5875340.
25. Hamilton, W.D., and May, R.M. 1977. Dispersal in stable habitats. Nature (London), 269(5629): 578-581. doi:10.1038/269578a0.
26. Janečka, J.E., Blankenship, T.L., Hirth, D.H., Tewes, M.E., Kilpatrick, C.W., and Grassman, L.I., Jr. 2006. Kinship and social structure of bobcats (Lynx rufus) inferred from microsatellite radio-telemetry data. J. Zool. (Lond.), 269(4): 494-501. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2006.00099.x.
27. Janečka, J.E., Blankenship, T.L., Hirth, D.H., Kilpatrick, C.W., Tewes, M.E., and Grassman, L.I., Jr. 2007. Evidence for male-biased dis-persal in bobcats Lynx rufus using relatedness analysis. Wildl. Biol. 13(1): 38-47. doi:10.2981/0909-6396(2007)13[38:EFMDIB]2.0. CO;2.
28. Kamler, J.F., and Gipson, P.S. 2000. Home range, habitat selection, and survival of bobcats, Lynx rufus, in a prairie ecosystem in Kansas. Can. Field-Nat. 114(3): 388-394.
29. Kamler, J.F., Gipson, P.S., and Snyder, T.R. 2000. Dispersal characteristics of young bobcats from northeastern Kansas. Southwest. Nat. 45(4): 543-546. doi:10.2307/3672608.
30. Kitchings, J.T., and Story, J.D. 1984. Movement and dispersal of bobcats in east Tennessee. J. Wildl. Manage. 48(3): 957-961. doi:10.2307/3801447.
31. Knick, S.T. 1990. Ecology of bobcats relative to exploitation and a prey decline in southeastern Idaho. Wildl. Monogr. 108: 1-42.
32. Knick, S.T., and Bailey, T.N. 1986. Long-distance movements by two bobcats from southeastern Idaho. Am. Midl. Nat. 116(1): 222-223. doi:10.2307/2425959.
33. Kolowski, J.M., and Nielsen, C.K. 2008. Using Penrose distance to identify potential risk of wildlife-vehicle collisions. Biol. Conserv. 141(4): 1119-1128. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2008.02.011.
34. Larivière, S., and Walton, L.R. 1997. Lynx rufus. Mamm. Species No. 563. pp. 1-8. doi:10.2307/3504533.
35. Larrucea, E.S., Serra, G., Jaeger, M.N., and Barrett, R.H. 2007. Censusing bobcats using remote cameras. West. N. Am. Nat. 67(4): 538-548. doi:10.3398/1527-0904(2007)67[538:CBURC]2.0.CO;2.
36. Lawson Handley, L.J., and Perrin, N. 2007. Advances in our understanding of mammalian sex-biased dispersal. Mol. Ecol. 16(8): 1559-1578. doi:10.1111/j.1365-294X.2006.03152.x. PMID:17402974.
37. Lehmann, L., and Perrin, N. 2003. Inbreeding avoidance through kin recognition: choosy females boost male dispersal. Am. Nat. 162(5): 638-652. doi:10.1086/378823. PMID:14618541.
38. Lovallo, M.J., and Anderson, E.M. 1996. Bobcat (Lynx rufus) home range size and habitat use in northwest Wisconsin. Am. Midl. Nat. 135(2): 241-252. doi:10.2307/2426706.
39. Luman, D., Joselyn, M., and Suloway, L. 1996. Critical trends assessment project land cover database of Illinois, 1995. Illinois Natural History Survey, Springfield.
40. Mantel, N.A. 1967. The detection of disease clustering and a generalized regression approach. Cancer Res. 27(2): 209-220. PMID:6018555.
41. McCord, C.M., and Cardoza, J.E. 1982. Bobcat and lynx. In Wild mammals of North America: biology, management, and economics. Edited by J.A. Chapman, and G.A. Feldhammer. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Md. pp. 728-756.
42. Menotti-Raymond, M.A., and O'Brien, S.J. 1995. Evolutionary onservation of ten microsatellite loci in four species of Felidae. J. Hered. 86(4): 319-322. PMID:7658003.
43. Menotti-Raymond, M.A., David, V.A., Lyons, L.A., Schäffer, A.A., Tomlin, J.F., Hutton, M.K., and O'Brien, S.J. 1999. A genetic linkage map of microsatellites in the domestic cat (Felis catus). Genomics, 57(1): 9-23. doi:10.1006/geno.1999.5743. PMID: 0191079.
44. Millions, D.G., and Swanson, B.J. 2007. Impact of natural and artificial barriers to dispersal on the population structure of bobcats. J. Wildl. Manage. 71(1): 96-102.
45. Motro, U. 1991. Avoiding inbreeding and sibling competition: the evolution of sexual dimorphism for dispersal. Am. Nat. 137(1): 108-115. doi:10.1086/285148.
46. Moyer, M.A., McCown, J.W., Eason, T.H., and Oli, M.K. 2006. Does genetic relatedness influence space use pattern? A test on Florida black bears. J. Mammal. 87(2): 255-261. doi:10.1644/05-MAMM-A-192R1.1.
47. Neely, R.D., and Heister, C.G. 1987. The natural resources of llinois: introduction and guide. Ill. Nat. Hist. Surv. Spec. Publ. No. 6.
48. Nielsen, C.K., and Woolf, A. 2001a. Spatial organization of bobcats Lynx rufus in southern Illinois. Am. Midl. Nat. 146(1): 43-52. doi:10.1674/0003-0031(2001)146[0043:SOOBLR]2.0.CO;2.
49. Nielsen, C.K., and Woolf, A. 2001b. Bobcat habitat use relative to human dwellings in southern Illinois. In Current bobcat research and implications for management. Edited by A. Woolf, C.K. Nielsen, and R.D. Bluett. Illinois Department of Natural Resources, Springfield.
50. Nielsen, C.K., and Woolf, A. 2002a. Habitat - relative abundance relationship of bobcats in southern Illinois. Wildl. Soc. Bull. 30(1): 222-230.
51. Nielsen, C.K., and Woolf, A. 2002b. Survival of unexploited bobcats in southern Illinois. J. Wildl. Manage. 66(3): 833-838. doi:10.2307/3803147.
52. Nielsen, C.K., and Woolf, A. 2003. Dispersal of juvenile male bobcats (Lynx rufus) in southern Illinois. Trans. Ill. State Acad. Sci. 96: 313-318.
53. Peakall, R., and Smouse, P.E. 2006. GENALEX 6: genetic analysis in Excel. Population genetic software for teaching and research. Mol. Ecol. Notes, 6(1): 288-295. doi:10.1111/j.1471-8286.2005.01155.x.
54. Peakall, R., Smouse, P.E., and Huff, D.R. 1995. Evolutionary implications of allozyme and RAPD variation in diploid populations of dioecious buffalograss Buchloe dactyloides. Mol. Ecol.4(2): 135-147. doi:10.1111/j.1365-294X.1995.tb00203.x.
55. Peakall, R., Ruibal, M., and Lindenmayer, D.B. 2003. Spatial auto-correlation analysis offers new insights into gene flow in the Australian bush rat, Rattus fuscipes. Evolution, 57(5): 1182-1195.doi:10.1111/j.0014-3820.2003.tb00327.x.PMID: 12836834.
56. Perrin, N., and Mazalov, V., V. 1999. Dispersal and inbreeding avoidance. Am. Nat. 154(3): 282-292. doi:10.1086/303236. PMID:10506544.
57. Perrin, N., and Mazalov, V. 2000. Local competition, inbreeding and the evolution of sex-biased dispersal. Am. Nat. 154(3): 115-127. doi:10.1086/303296.
58. Pritchard, J.K., and Wen, W. 2007. Documentation for structure software: version 2.2. Available from http://pritch.bsd.uchicago.edu/software/structure22/readme.pdf [accessed 23 July 2009].
59. Pritchard, J.K., Stephens, M., and Donnelly, P. 2000. Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data. Genetics, 155 (2): 945-959. doi:10.1111/j.1471-8286.2007.01758.x. PMID: 10835412.
60. Prugnolle, F., and de Meeus, T. 2002. Inferring sex-biased dispersal from population genetic tools: a review. Heredity, 88(3): 161- 165. doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800060. PMID:11920116.
61. Queller, D.C., and Goodnight, K.F. 1989. Estimating relatedness using genetic markers. Evolution, 43(2): 258-275. doi:10.2307/2409206.
62. Ratnayeke, S., Tuskan, G.A., and Pelton, M.R. 2002. Genetic relatedness and female spatial organization in a solitary carnivore, the raccoon, Procyon lotor. Mol. Ecol. 11(6): 1115-1124. doi:10.1046/j.1365-294X.2002.01505.x. PMID:12030986.
63. Rice, W.R. 1989. Analyzing tables of statistical tests. Evolution, 43(1): 223-225. doi:10.2307/2409177.
64. Riley, S.P.D., Pollinger, J.P., Sauvajot, R.M., York, E.C., Bromley, C., Fuller, T.K., and Wayne, R.K. 2006. A southern California freeway is a physical and social barrier to gene flow in carni-vores. Mol. Ecol. 15(7): 1733-1741. doi:10.1111/j.1365-294X. 2006.02907.x. PMID:16689893.
65. Roy Nielsen, C.L., and Nielsen, C.K. 2007. Multiple paternity and relatedness in southern Illinois raccoons (Procyon lotor). J. Mammal. 88(2): 441-447. doi:10.1644/06-MAMM-A-126R2.1.
66. Rueness, E.K., Stenseth, N.C., O'Donoghue, M., Boutin, S., Ellegren, H., and Jakobsen, K.S. 2003. Ecological and genetic spatial structuring in the Canadian lynx. Nature (London), 425(6953): 69-72. doi:10.1038/nature01942. PMID:12955141.
67. Sandell, M. 1989. The mating tactics and spacing patterns of soli-tary carnivores. In Carnivore behaviour, ecology, evolution. Edi-ted by J.L. Gittleman. Chapman and Hall, London. pp. 164-182.
68. Shields, W.M. 1987. Dispersal and mating systems: investigating their causal connections. In Mammalian dispersal patterns. Edi-ted by D.B. Chepko-Sade and Z.T. Halpin. University of Chi-cago Press, Chicago. pp. 3-26.
69. Smouse, P.E., and Peakall, R. 1999. Spatial autocorrelation analysis of individual multiallele and multilocus genetic structure. Heredity, 82(5): 561-573. doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6885180. PMID: 10383677.
70. Støen, O.G., Bellemain, E., Sæb1/2, S., and Swenson, J.E. 2005. Kin-related spatial structure in brown bears Ursus arctos. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 59(2): 191-197. doi:10.1007/s00265-005-0024-9.
71. Tucker, S.A., Clark, W.R., and Gosselink, T.E. 2008. Space use and habitat selection by bobcats in the fragmented landscape of south-central Iowa. J. Wildl. Manage. 72(5): 1114-1124. doi:10.2193/2007-291.
72. van Oosterhout, C., Weetman, D., and Hutchinson, W.F. 2006. Estimation and adjustment of microsatellite null alleles in nonequilibrium populations. Mol. Ecol. Notes, 6(1): 255-256. doi:10.1111/j.1471-8286.2005.01082.x.
73. White, G.C., and Garrott, R.A. 1990. Analysis of wildlife radio-tracking data. Academic Press, San Diego.
74. Wolff, J.O. 1993. What is the role of adults in mammalian juvenile dispersal? Oikos, 68(1): 173-176. doi:10.2307/3545324.
75. Wolff, J.O. 1994. More on juvenile dispersal in mammals. Oikos, 71(2): 349-352. doi:10.2307/3546284.
76. Woolf, A., and Nielsen, C.K. 2002. The bobcat in Illinois. Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale.
77. Woolf, A., Nielsen, C.K., Weber, T., and Gibbs-Kieninger, T.J. 2002. Statewide modeling of bobcat, Lynx rufus, habitat in Illi-nois, USA. Biol. Conserv. 104(2): 191-198. doi:10.1016/S0006- 3207(01)00164-1.
78. Worton, B.J. 1989. Kernel methods for estimating the utilization distribution in home-range studies. Ecology, 70(1): 164-168. doi:10.2307/1938423.
79. Zimmermann, F., Breitenmoser-Wursten, C., and Breitenmoser, U. 2005. Natal dispersal of Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) in Switzer-land. J. Zool. (Lond.), 267(4): 381-395. doi:10.1017/ S0952836905007545.