Core muscle activation during Swiss ball and traditional abdominal exercises

Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy

Volumn 40, Issue 5, 2010, Pages 265-276

  Escamilla, Rafael F ^a,b   Lewis, Clare ^b   Bell, Duncan ^b   Bramblet, Gwen ^b   Daffron, Jason ^b   Lambert, Steve ^b   Pecson, Amanda ^b   Imamura, Rodney ^b   Paulos, Lonnie ^a   Dreanws, James R ^c,d  

^a Andrews Paulos Research and Education Institute   (United States)

^b CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c AMERICAN SPORTS MEDICINE INSTITUTE   (United States)

^d The Andrews Institute   (United States)

Author keywords

Crunch; EMG; Low back pain; Lumbar spine; Rectus abdominis; Sit up

Indexed keywords

EID: 77953449912     PISSN: 01906011     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2519/jospt.2010.3073     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Allison GT, Morris SL, Lay B. Feedforward responses of transversus abdominis are directionally specifc and act asymmetrically: implications for core stability theories. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2008;38:228-237. http://dx.doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2008.2703
2. Axler C T, McGill SM. Low back loads over a variety of abdominal exercises: searching for the safest abdominal challenge. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1997;29:804-811.
3. Balady G, Berra K, La G. Physical ftness testing and interpretation. In: American College of Sports Medicine. ACSM's Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription. Baltimore, MD: Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins; 2000.
4. Basmajian J V, Blumenstein R. Electrode Placement in EMG Biofeedback. Baltimore, MD: Williams and Wilkins; 1980.
5. Behm DG, Leonard AM, Young WB, Bonsey WA, MacKinnon SN. Trunk muscle electromyographic activity with unstable and unilateral exercises. J Strength Cond Res. 2005;19:193-201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1519/1533-4287 (2005) 19<193:TMEAWU>2.0. CO;2
6. Beim GM, Giraldo JL, Pincivero DM, Borror MJ, Fu FH. Abdominal strengthening exercises: a comparative EMG study. J Sport Rehab. 1997;6:11-20.
7. Cholewicki J, Van Vliet JJ. Relative contribution of trunk muscles to the stability of the lumbar spine during isometric exertions. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). 2002;17:99-105.
8. Cosio-Lima LM, Reynolds KL, Winter C, Paolone V, Jones MT. Efects of physioball and conventional foor exercises on early phase adaptations in back and abdominal core stability and balance in women. J Strength Cond Res. 2003;17:721-725.
9. Cresswell AG, Blake PL, Thorstensson A. The efect of an abdominal muscle training program on intra-abdominal pressure. Scand J Rehabil Med. 1994;26:79-86.
10. Cresswell AG, Grundstrom H, Thorstensson A. Observations on intra-abdominal pressure and patterns of abdominal intra-muscular activity in man. Acta Physiol Scand. 1992;144:409-418.
11. DiGiovine N, Jobe F, Pink P, Perry J. An electromyographic analysis of the upper extremity in pitching. J Shoulder and Elbow Surg. 1992;1:15-25.
12. Ekstrom RA, Donatelli RA, Carp KC. Electromyographic analysis of core trunk, hip, and thigh muscles during 9 rehabilitation exercises. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2007;37:754-762. http://dx.doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2007.2471
13. Escamilla RF, Babb E, DeWitt R, et al. Electromyographic analysis of traditional and nontraditional abdominal exercises: implications for rehabilitation and training. Phys Ther. 2006;86:656-671.
14. Escamilla RF, McTaggart MS, Fricklas EJ, et al. An electromyographic analysis of commercial and common abdominal exercises: implications for rehabilitation and training. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2006;36:45-57 http://dx.doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2006.2054
15. Freeman S, Karpowicz A, Gray J, McGill S. Quantifying muscle patterns and spine load during various forms of the push-up. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2006;38:570-577 http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.000018931708635.1b
16. Grenier SG, McGill SM. Quantifcation of lumbar stability by using 2 diferent abdominal activation strategies. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2007;88:54-62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. apmr.2006.10.014
17. Halpern AA, Bleck EE. Sit-up exercises: an electromyographic study. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1979; 172-178.
18. Hewett TE, Lindenfeld TN, Riccobene JV, Noyes FR. The efect of neuromuscular training on the incidence of knee injury in female athletes. A prospective study. Am J Sports Med. 1999;27:699-706.
19. Hodges PW. Is there a role for transversus abdominis in lumbo-pelvic stability? Man Ther. 1999;4:74-86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1054 /math.1999.0169
20. Juker D, McGill S, Kropf P, Stefen T. Quantitative intramuscular myoelectric activity of lumbar portions of psoas and the abdominal wall during a wide variety of tasks. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1998;30:301-310. (Pubitemid 28095948)
21. Kavcic N, Grenier S, McGill SM. Quantifying tissue loads and spine stability while performing commonly prescribed low back stabilization exercises. Spine. 2004;29:2319-2329.
22. Lehman GJ, MacMillan B, MacIntyre I, Chivers M, Fluter M. Shoulder muscle EMG activity during push up variations on and of a Swiss ball. Dyn Med. 2006;5:7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1476-5918-5-7
23. Marshall PW, Murphy BA. Core stability exercises on and of a Swiss ball. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2005;86:242-249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2004. 05.004
24. McGill S, Juker D, Kropf P. Appropriately placed surface EMG electrodes refect deep muscle activity (psoas, quadratus lumborum, abdominal wall) in the lumbar spine. J Biomech. 1996;29:1503-1507.
25. McGill SM. Distribution of tissue loads in the low back during a variety of daily and rehabilitation tasks. J Rehabil Res Dev. 1997;34:448-458.
26. McGill SM. Low back stability: from formal description to issues for performance and rehabilitation. Exerc Sport Sci Rev. 2001;29:26-31.
27. McGill SM, Grenier S, Kavcic N, Cholewicki J. Coordination of muscle activity to assure stability of the lumbar spine. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2003;13:353-359.
28. Mori A. Electromyographic activity of selected trunk muscles during stabilization exercises using a gym ball. Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol. 2004;44:57-64.
29. Myer GD, Chu DA, Brent JL, Hewett TE. Trunk and hip control neuromuscular training for the prevention of knee joint injury. Clin Sports Med. 2008;27:425-448, ix. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csm.2008.02.006
30. Nachemson AL. The lumbar spine: an orthopaedic challenge. Spine. 1976;1:59-71.
31. Ng JK, Kippers V, Richardson CA. Muscle fbre orientation of abdominal muscles and suggested surface EMG electrode positions. Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1998;38:51-58.
32. Norwood J T, Anderson GS, Gaetz MB, Twist PW. Electromyographic activity of the trunk stabilizers during stable and unstable bench press. J Strength Cond Res. 2007;21:343-347. http://dx.doi.org/10.1519/R-17435.1
33. Richardson CA, Snijders CJ, Hides JA, Damen L, Pas MS, Storm J. The relation between the transversus abdominis muscles, sacroiliac joint mechanics, and low back pain. Spine. 2002;27:399-405.
34. Santaguida PL, McGill SM. The psoas major muscle: a three-dimensional geometric study. J Biomech. 1995;28:339-345.
35. Sternlicht E, Rugg S, Fujii LL, Tomomitsu K F, Seki MM. Electromyographic comparison of a stability ball crunch with a traditional crunch. J Strength Cond Res. 2007;21:506-509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1519/R-20436.1
36. Vera-Garcia FJ, Grenier SG, McGill SM. Abdominal muscle response during curl-ups on both stable and labile surfaces. Phys Ther. 2000;80:564-569.
37. Zazulak B T, Hewett TE, Reeves N P, Goldberg B, Cholewicki J. Defcits in neuromuscular control of the trunk predict knee injury risk: a prospective biomechanical-epidemiologic study. Am J Sports Med. 2007;35:1123-1130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546507301585