An electromyographic analysis of commercial and common abdominal exercises: Implications for rehabilitation and training

Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy

Volumn 36, Issue 2, 2006, Pages 45-57

  Escamilla, Rafael F ^a   McTaggart, Michael S C ^b   Fricklas, Ethan J ^b   DeWitt, Ryan ^a   Kelleher, Peter ^a   Taylor, Marcus K ^c   Hreljac, Alan ^a   Moorman III, Claude T ^b  

^a CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b DUKE UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^c NAVAL MEDICAL CENTER SAN DIEGO   (United States)

Author keywords

EMG; Low back pain; Lumbar spine; Rectus abdominis; Sit up

Indexed keywords

ABDOMINAL PRESSURE; ABDOMINAL WALL MUSCULATURE; ADULT; ARM MUSCLE; ARTICLE; BIOMECHANICS; BODY FAT; CONTROLLED STUDY; ELECTRODE; ELECTROMYOGRAPHY; EXERCISE; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; LATISSIMUS DORSI MUSCLE; LOW BACK PAIN; LUMBAR SPINE; MACHINE; MALE; MUSCLE CONTRACTION; MUSCLE STRENGTH; NORMAL HUMAN; PECTORALIS MAJOR MUSCLE; RECTUS FEMORIS MUSCLE; TRAINING; TRICEPS BRACHII MUSCLE;

EID: 31544444989     PISSN: 01906011     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2519/jospt.2006.36.2.45     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Andersson EA, Ma Z, Thorstensson A. Relative EMG levels in training exercises for abdominal and hip flexor muscles. Scand J Rehabil Med. 1998;30:175-183.
2. Andersson EA, Nilsson J, Ma Z, Thorstensson A. Abdominal and hip flexor muscle activation during various training exercises. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1997;75:115-123.
3. Axler CT, McGill SM. Low back loads over a variety of abdominal exercises: searching for the safest abdominal challenge. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1997;29:804-811.
4. Balady GJ, Franklin BA, Whaley MH, Howley ET. ACSM's Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2000.
5. Basmajian J, Blumenstein R. Electrode Placement in EMG Biofeedback. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins; 1980.
6. Beim GM, Giraldo JL, Pincivero DM, Borror MJ, Fu FH. Abdominal strengthening exercises: a comparative EMG study. J Sport Rehab. 1997;6:11-20.
7. Clark KM, Holt LE, Sinyard J. Electromyographic comparison of the upper and lower rectus abdominis during abdominal exercises. J Strength Cond Res. 2003;17:475-483.
8. Cram JR, Kasman GS. Introduction to Surface Electromyography. Gaithersburg, MD: Aspen Publishers, Inc; 1998.
9. Cresswell AG, Grundstrom H, Thorstensson A. Observations on intra-abdominal pressure and patterns of abdominal intra-muscular activity in man. Acta Physiol Scand. 1992;144:409-418.
10. Cresswell AG, Blake PL, Thorstensson A. The effect of an abdominal muscle training program on intraabdominal pressure. Scand J Rehabil Med. 1994;26:79-86.
11. Daggfeldt K, Thorstensson A. The role of intraabdominal pressure in spinal unloading. J Biomech. 1997;30:1149-1155.
12. Demont RG, Lephart SM, Giraldo JL, Giannantonio FP, Yuktanandana P, Fu FH. Comparison of two abdominal training devices with an abdominal crunch using strength and EMG measurements. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 1999;39:253-258.
13. Gardner-Morse MC, Stokes IA. The effects of abdominal muscle coactivation on lumbar spine stability. Spine. 1998;23:86-91; discussion 91-82.
14. Halpern AA, Bleck EE. Sit-up exercises: an electromyographic study. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1979;172-178.
15. Hodges PW, Richardson CA. Contraction of the abdominal muscles associated with movement of the lower limb. Phys Ther. 1997;77:132-142; discussion 142-134.
16. Juker D, McGill S, Kropf P, Steffen T. Quantitative intramuscular myoelectric activity of lumbar portions of psoas and the abdominal wall during a wide variety of tasks. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1998;30:301-310.
17. McGill S, Juker D, Kropf P. Appropriately placed surface EMG electrodes reflect deep muscle activity (psoas, quadratus lumborum, abdominal wall) in the lumbar spine. J Biomech. 1996;29:1503-1507.
18. Nachemson A. Lumbar intradiscal pressure. In: Jayson MIV, ed. The lumbar Spine and Back Pain. Edinburg, Scotland: Churchill Livingstone; 1987:191-203.
19. Nachemson AL. The lumbar spine: an orthopaedic challenge. Spine. 1976;1:59-71.
20. Ng JK, Kippers V, Richardson CA. Muscle fibre orientation of abdominal muscles and suggested surface EMG electrode positions. Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1998;38:51-58.
21. Ralston SH, Urquhart GD, Brzeski M, Sturrock RD. Prevalence of vertebral compression fractures due to osteoporosis in ankylosing spondylitis. BMJ. 1990;300:563-565.
22. Richardson CA, Snijders CJ, Hides JA, Damen L, Pas MS, Storm J. The relation between the transversus abdominis muscles, sacroiliac joint mechanics, and low back pain. Spine. 2002;27:399-405.
23. Santaguida PL, McGill SM. The psoas major muscle: a three-dimensional geometric study. J Biomech. 1995;28:339-345.
24. Sternlicht E, Rugg S. Electromyographic analysis of abdominal muscle activity using portable abdominal exercise devices and a traditional crunch. J Strength Cond Res. 2003;17:463-468.
25. Thomson KD. Estimation of loads and stresses in abdominal muscles during slow lifts. Proc Inst Mech Eng [H]. 1997;211:271-274.
26. Warden SJ, Wajswelner H, Bennell KL. Comparison of Abshaper and conventionally performed abdominal exercises using surface electromyography. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1999;31:1656-1664.
27. Willett GM, Hyde JE, Uhrlaub MB, Wendel CL, Karst GM. Relative activity of abdominal muscles during commonly prescribed strengthening exercises. J Strength Cond Res. 2001;15:480-485.