-
1
-
-
0019158017
-
The control of muscle tone, reflexes and movement: Robert Wartenberg lecture
-
Lance WW. The control of muscle tone, reflexes and movement: Robert Wartenberg lecture. Neurology 1980;30 : 1303-1313.
-
(1980)
Neurology
, vol.30
, pp. 1303-1313
-
-
Lance, W.W.1
-
2
-
-
0028534897
-
Spasticity: A review
-
Young RR. Spasticity: a review. Neurology 1994;44 : 512-520.
-
(1994)
Neurology
, vol.44
, pp. 512-520
-
-
Young, R.R.1
-
3
-
-
17744389202
-
Pathophysiology of spastic paresis I: Paresis and soft tissue changes
-
Gracies J-M. Pathophysiology of spastic paresis I: paresis and soft tissue changes. Muscle Nerve 2005;31 : 535-551.
-
(2005)
Muscle Nerve
, vol.31
, pp. 535-551
-
-
Gracies, J.-M.1
-
4
-
-
17744398218
-
Pathophysiology of spastic paresis II: Emergence of muscle overactivity
-
Gracies J-M. Pathophysiology of spastic paresis II: emergence of muscle overactivity. Muscle Nerve 2005;31 : 552-571.
-
(2005)
Muscle Nerve
, vol.31
, pp. 552-571
-
-
Gracies, J.-M.1
-
5
-
-
42149110195
-
Spasticity treatment with botulinum toxins
-
Ward AB. Spasticity treatment with botulinum toxins. J Neural Transm 2008;115 : 607-616.
-
(2008)
J Neural Transm
, vol.115
, pp. 607-616
-
-
Ward, A.B.1
-
6
-
-
75949150955
-
Preliminary trial of carisopodol in multiple sclerosis
-
Ashworth B. Preliminary trial of carisopodol in multiple sclerosis. Practitioner 1964;67 : 540-542.
-
(1964)
Practitioner
, vol.67
, pp. 540-542
-
-
Ashworth, B.1
-
7
-
-
0023130157
-
Inter-rater reliability of a modified Ashworth scale of muscle spasticity
-
Bohannon RW, Smith MB. Inter-rater reliability of a modified Ashworth scale of muscle spasticity. Phys Ther 1987;67 : 206-207.
-
(1987)
Phys Ther
, vol.67
, pp. 206-207
-
-
Bohannon, R.W.1
Smith, M.B.2
-
8
-
-
72949118894
-
Inter-rater reliability of the modified Ashworth Scale in assessing lower limb muscle spasticity
-
Ghotbi N, Ansari NN, Naghdi S, Hasson S, Jamshidpour B, Amiri S. Inter-rater reliability of the modified Ashworth Scale in assessing lower limb muscle spasticity. Brain Inj 2009;23 : 815-819.
-
(2009)
Brain Inj
, vol.23
, pp. 815-819
-
-
Ghotbi, N.1
Ansari, N.N.2
Naghdi, S.3
Hasson, S.4
Jamshidpour, B.5
Amiri, S.6
-
9
-
-
0001133133
-
A la recherché d'une technique de mesure de la spasticité
-
Tardieu G, Shentoub S, Delarue R. A la recherché d'une technique de mesure de la spasticité. Rev Neurol 1954;91 : 143-144.
-
(1954)
Rev Neurol
, vol.91
, pp. 143-144
-
-
Tardieu, G.1
Shentoub, S.2
Delarue, R.3
-
10
-
-
0141831077
-
Measures of muscle and joint performance in the lower limb of children with cerebral palsy
-
Fosang AL, Galea MP, McCoy AT, Rediggough DS, Story I. Measures of muscle and joint performance in the lower limb of children with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 2003;45 : 664-670.
-
(2003)
Dev Med Child Neurol
, vol.45
, pp. 664-670
-
-
Fosang, A.L.1
Galea, M.P.2
McCoy, A.T.3
Rediggough, D.S.4
Story, I.5
-
11
-
-
27144440377
-
Reliability of the modified Tardieu scale and the modified Ashworth scale in adult patients with severe brain injury: A comparison study
-
Mehrholz J, Wagner K, Meiner D et al. Reliability of the modified Tardieu scale and the modified Ashworth scale in adult patients with severe brain injury: a comparison study. Clin Rehabil 2005;19 : 751-759.
-
(2005)
Clin Rehabil
, vol.19
, pp. 751-759
-
-
Mehrholz, J.1
Wagner, K.2
Meiner, D.3
-
12
-
-
0024381755
-
Intrathecal baclofen for severe spinal spasticity
-
Penn RD, Savoy SM, Corcos D et al. Intrathecal baclofen for severe spinal spasticity. N Engl J Med 1989;32 : 1517-1521. (Pubitemid 19145803)
-
(1989)
New England Journal of Medicine
, vol.320
, Issue.23
, pp. 1517-1521
-
-
Penn, R.D.1
Savoy, S.M.2
Corcos, D.3
Latash, M.4
Gottlieb, G.5
Parke, B.6
Kroin, J.S.7
-
13
-
-
0030011469
-
Clinical assessment of spasticity in spinal cord injury: A multidimensional problem
-
Priebe MM, Sherwood AM, Thornby JI, Kharas NF, Markowski J. Clinical assessment of spasticity in spinal cord injury: a multidimensional problem. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1996;77 : 713-716.
-
(1996)
Arch Phys Med Rehabil
, vol.77
, pp. 713-716
-
-
Priebe, M.M.1
Sherwood, A.M.2
Thornby, J.I.3
Kharas, N.F.4
Markowski, J.5
-
14
-
-
0001804102
-
Pendulousness of the legs as a diagnostic test
-
Wartenberg R. Pendulousness of the legs as a diagnostic test. Neurology 1951;1 : 18-24.
-
(1951)
Neurology
, vol.1
, pp. 18-24
-
-
Wartenberg, R.1
-
16
-
-
67649514881
-
Spasticity, an impairment that is poorly defined and poorly measured
-
Malhotra S, Pandyan AS, Day CR, Jones PW, Hermens H. Spasticity, an impairment that is poorly defined and poorly measured. Clin Rehabil 2009;23 : 651-658.
-
(2009)
Clin Rehabil
, vol.23
, pp. 651-658
-
-
Malhotra, S.1
Pandyan, A.S.2
Day, C.R.3
Jones, P.W.4
Hermens, H.5
-
18
-
-
30144433783
-
Relationship between self- and clinically rated spasticity in spinal cord injury
-
Lechner HE, Frotzler A, Eser P. Relationship between self- and clinically rated spasticity in spinal cord injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2006;87 : 15-9.
-
(2006)
Arch Phys Med Rehabil
, vol.87
, pp. 15-19
-
-
Lechner, H.E.1
Frotzler, A.2
Eser, P.3
-
19
-
-
38949125506
-
Spasticity outcome measures in spinal cord injury: Psychometric properties and clinical utility
-
SCIRE Research Team
-
Hsieh JT, Wolfe DL, Miller WC, Curt A, SCIRE Research Team. Spasticity outcome measures in spinal cord injury: psychometric properties and clinical utility. Spinal Cord 2008;46 : 86-95.
-
(2008)
Spinal Cord
, vol.46
, pp. 86-95
-
-
Hsieh, J.T.1
Wolfe, D.L.2
Miller, W.C.3
Curt, A.4
-
20
-
-
0035149925
-
Pathophysiology of impairment in patients with spasticity and use of stretch as a treatment of spastic hypertonia
-
vi.
-
Gracies JM. Pathophysiology of impairment in patients with spasticity and use of stretch as a treatment of spastic hypertonia. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am 2001;12 : 747-768. vi.
-
(2001)
Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am
, vol.12
, pp. 747-768
-
-
Gracies, J.M.1
-
22
-
-
0028305174
-
Mechanisms of tizanidine action on spasticity
-
Milanov I, Georgiev D. Mechanisms of tizanidine action on spasticity. Acta Neurol Scand 1994;89 : 274-279.
-
(1994)
Acta Neurol Scand
, vol.89
, pp. 274-279
-
-
Milanov, I.1
Georgiev, D.2
-
24
-
-
39749201642
-
A practical overview of tizanidine use for spasticity secondary to multiple sclerosis, stroke, and spinal cord injury
-
Kamen L, Henney HR, Runyan JD. A practical overview of tizanidine use for spasticity secondary to multiple sclerosis, stroke, and spinal cord injury. Curr Med Res Opin 2008;24 : 425-439.
-
(2008)
Curr Med Res Opin
, vol.24
, pp. 425-439
-
-
Kamen, L.1
Henney, H.R.2
Runyan, J.D.3
-
25
-
-
7044237006
-
Oral antispastic drugs in nonprogressive neurologic diseases
-
Montane E, Vallano A, Laporte JR. Oral antispastic drugs in nonprogressive neurologic diseases. Neurology 2004;63 : 1357-1363.
-
(2004)
Neurology
, vol.63
, pp. 1357-1363
-
-
Montane, E.1
Vallano, A.2
Laporte, J.R.3
-
26
-
-
57749198823
-
Botulinum toxin type A with oral Baclofen versus oral Tizanidine: A nonrandomized pilot comparison in patients with cerebral palsy and spastic equinus foot deformity
-
Dai AI, Wasay M, Awan S. Botulinum toxin type A with oral Baclofen versus oral Tizanidine: a nonrandomized pilot comparison in patients with cerebral palsy and spastic equinus foot deformity. J Child Neurol 2008;23 : 1464-1466.
-
(2008)
J Child Neurol
, vol.23
, pp. 1464-1466
-
-
Dai, A.I.1
Wasay, M.2
Awan, S.3
-
27
-
-
0024508792
-
A double-blind, long-term study of tizanidine ('Sirdalud') in spasticity due to cerebrovascular lesions
-
Medici M, Pebet M, Ciblis D. A double-blind, long-term study of tizanidine ('Sirdalud') in spasticity due to cerebrovascular lesions. Curr Med Res Opin 1989;11 : 398-405.
-
(1989)
Curr Med Res Opin
, vol.11
, pp. 398-405
-
-
Medici, M.1
Pebet, M.2
Ciblis, D.3
-
28
-
-
0023851370
-
A multi-centre, double-blind trial of tizanidine, a new antispastic agent, in spasticity associated with hemiplegia
-
Bes A, Eyssette M, Pierrot-Deseilligny E, Rohmer F, Warter JM. A multi-centre, double-blind trial of tizanidine, a new antispastic agent, in spasticity associated with hemiplegia. Curr Med Res Opin 1989;10 : 709-718. (Pubitemid 18078762)
-
(1988)
Current Medical Research and Opinion
, vol.10
, Issue.10
, pp. 709-718
-
-
Bes, A.1
Eyssette, M.2
Pierrot-Deseilligny, E.3
Rohmer, F.4
Warter, J.M.5
-
29
-
-
61849133915
-
Effectiveness of botulinum toxin A for upper and lower limb in children with cerebral palsy: A summery of evidence
-
Lukban MB, Rosales RL, Dressler D. Effectiveness of botulinum toxin A for upper and lower limb in children with cerebral palsy: a summery of evidence. J Neural Transm 2009;116 : 319-333.
-
(2009)
J Neural Transm
, vol.116
, pp. 319-333
-
-
Lukban, M.B.1
Rosales, R.L.2
Dressler, D.3
-
30
-
-
37849017970
-
Botulinum toxin: Description of injection techniques and examination of controversies surrounding toxin diffusion
-
Lim EC-H, Seet RCS. Botulinum toxin: description of injection techniques and examination of controversies surrounding toxin diffusion. Acta Neurol Scand 2008;117 : 73-84.
-
(2008)
Acta Neurol Scand
, vol.117
, pp. 73-84
-
-
Ec-H, L.1
Seet, R.C.S.2
-
31
-
-
54049136489
-
Effect of simultaneous botulinum toxin injections into several muscles on impairment, activity, participation, and quality of life among stroke patients presenting with a stiff knee gait
-
Caty GD, Detrembleur C, Bleyenheuft C, Detombe T, Lejeune TM. Effect of simultaneous botulinum toxin injections into several muscles on impairment, activity, participation, and quality of life among stroke patients presenting with a stiff knee gait. Stroke 2008;39 : 2803-2808.
-
(2008)
Stroke
, vol.39
, pp. 2803-2808
-
-
Caty, G.D.1
Detrembleur, C.2
Bleyenheuft, C.3
Detombe, T.4
Lejeune, T.M.5
-
32
-
-
67651159120
-
Botulinum neurotoxins for post-stroke spasticity in adults: A systematic review
-
Elia AE, Filippini G, Calandrella D, Albanese A. Botulinum neurotoxins for post-stroke spasticity in adults: a systematic review. Mov Disord 2009;24 : 801-812.
-
(2009)
Mov Disord
, vol.24
, pp. 801-812
-
-
Elia, A.E.1
Filippini, G.2
Calandrella, D.3
Albanese, A.4
-
33
-
-
34447517183
-
Early physiotherapy after injection of botulinum toxin increases the beneficial effects on spasticity in patients with multiple sclerosis
-
Giovannelli M, Borriello G, Castri P, Prosperini L, Pozilli C. Early physiotherapy after injection of botulinum toxin increases the beneficial effects on spasticity in patients with multiple sclerosis. Clin Rehabil 2007;21 : 331-337.
-
(2007)
Clin Rehabil
, vol.21
, pp. 331-337
-
-
Giovannelli, M.1
Borriello, G.2
Castri, P.3
Prosperini, L.4
Pozilli, C.5
-
34
-
-
41349117660
-
The use of botulinum toxin for spasticity after spinal cord injury
-
Marciniak C, Rader L, Gagnon C. The use of botulinum toxin for spasticity after spinal cord injury. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2008;87 : 312-317.
-
(2008)
Am J Phys Med Rehabil
, vol.87
, pp. 312-317
-
-
Marciniak, C.1
Rader, L.2
Gagnon, C.3
-
35
-
-
59649116458
-
European consensus table on the use of botulinum toxin type A in adult spasticity
-
Wissel J, Ward A, Ertzgaard P et al. European consensus table on the use of botulinum toxin type A in adult spasticity. J Rehabil Med 2009;41 : 13-25.
-
(2009)
J Rehabil Med
, vol.41
, pp. 13-25
-
-
Wissel, J.1
Ward, A.2
Ertzgaard, P.3
-
36
-
-
33646672856
-
Focal spasticity therapy with botulinum toxin: Effects on function, activities of daily living and pain in 100 adult patients
-
Bergfeldt U, Borg K, Kullander K, Julin P. Focal spasticity therapy with botulinum toxin: effects on function, activities of daily living and pain in 100 adult patients. J Rehabil Med 2006;38 : 166-171.
-
(2006)
J Rehabil Med
, vol.38
, pp. 166-171
-
-
Bergfeldt, U.1
Borg, K.2
Kullander, K.3
Julin, P.4
-
37
-
-
77951214200
-
Long-term treatment of spasticity with botulinum toxin type A: An analysis of 1221 treatment in 137 patients
-
Mohammadi B, Balouch SA, Dengler R, Kollewe K. Long-term treatment of spasticity with botulinum toxin type A: an analysis of 1221 treatment in 137 patients. Neurol Res 2010;32 : 309-313.
-
(2010)
Neurol Res
, vol.32
, pp. 309-313
-
-
Mohammadi, B.1
Balouch, S.A.2
Dengler, R.3
Kollewe, K.4
-
38
-
-
33751021134
-
Safety and efficacy of botulinum toxin type A following long-term use
-
Naumann M, Albanese A, Heinen F, Molenaers G, Relja M. Safety and efficacy of botulinum toxin type A following long-term use. Eur J Neurol 2006;13 (Suppl. 4) 35:40.
-
(2006)
Eur J Neurol
, vol.13
, Issue.SUPPL. 4
, pp. 35-40
-
-
Naumann, M.1
Albanese, A.2
Heinen, F.3
Molenaers, G.4
Relja, M.5
-
39
-
-
67349087709
-
Prevalence of neutralizing antibodies in patients treated with botulinum toxin type A for spasticity
-
Müller K, Mix E, Saberi FA, Dressler D, Benecke R. Prevalence of neutralizing antibodies in patients treated with botulinum toxin type A for spasticity. J Neural Transm 2009;116 : 579-585.
-
(2009)
J Neural Transm
, vol.116
, pp. 579-585
-
-
Müller, K.1
Mix, E.2
Saberi, F.A.3
Dressler, D.4
Benecke, R.5
-
40
-
-
11144354648
-
Clinical impact of abtibody formation to Botulinum toxin A in children
-
Hermann J, Geth K, Mall V et al. Clinical impact of abtibody formation to Botulinum toxin A in children. Ann Neurol 2004;55 : 732-735.
-
(2004)
Ann Neurol
, vol.55
, pp. 732-735
-
-
Hermann, J.1
Geth, K.2
Mall, V.3
-
41
-
-
61749104220
-
Short form 36 assessed health-related quality of life after focal spasticity therapy
-
Bergfeldt U, Sköld C, Julin P. Short form 36 assessed health-related quality of life after focal spasticity therapy. J Rehabil Med 2009;41 : 279-281.
-
(2009)
J Rehabil Med
, vol.41
, pp. 279-281
-
-
Bergfeldt, U.1
Sköld, C.2
Julin, P.3
-
42
-
-
2942702313
-
The role of intrathecal baclofen therapy in the upper motor neuron syndrome
-
Francisco GE. The role of intrathecal baclofen therapy in the upper motor neuron syndrome. Eur Med Phys 2004;40 : 131-143.
-
(2004)
Eur Med Phys
, vol.40
, pp. 131-143
-
-
Francisco, G.E.1
-
43
-
-
0027524134
-
Intrathecal baclofen for intractable spasticity of spinal origin: Results of a long-term multicenter study
-
Coffey RJ, Cahill D, Steers W et al. Intrathecal baclofen for intractable spasticity of spinal origin: results of a long-term multicenter study. J Neurosurg 1993;78 : 226-232.
-
(1993)
J Neurosurg
, vol.78
, pp. 226-232
-
-
Coffey, R.J.1
Cahill, D.2
Steers, W.3
-
44
-
-
0036192175
-
Long-term intrathecal Baclofen infusion in supraspinal spasticity of adulthood
-
Dario A, Di Stefano MG, Grossi A, Casagrande F, Bono G. Long-term intrathecal Baclofen infusion in supraspinal spasticity of adulthood. Acta Neurol Scand 2002;105 : 83-7.
-
(2002)
Acta Neurol Scand
, vol.105
, pp. 83-87
-
-
Dario, A.1
Di Stefano, M.G.2
Grossi, A.3
Casagrande, F.4
Bono, G.5
-
45
-
-
85052610275
-
Intrathecal antispastic drug application with implantable pumps: Results of a 10 years follow-up study
-
Koulousakis A, Kuchta J. Intrathecal antispastic drug application with implantable pumps: results of a 10 years follow-up study. Acta Neurochir Suppl 2007;97 : 181-184.
-
(2007)
Acta Neurochir Suppl
, vol.97
, pp. 181-184
-
-
Koulousakis, A.1
Kuchta, J.2
-
46
-
-
11244331500
-
Treatment of spasticity with intrathecal Baclofen administration: Long-term follow-up, review of 40 patients
-
Plassat R, Perrouin Verbe PB, Menei P, Menegalli D, Mathé JF, Richard I. Treatment of spasticity with intrathecal Baclofen administration: long-term follow-up, review of 40 patients. Spinal Cord 2004;42 : 686-693.
-
(2004)
Spinal Cord
, vol.42
, pp. 686-693
-
-
Plassat, R.1
Perrouin Verbe, P.B.2
Menei, P.3
Menegalli, D.4
Mathé, J.F.5
Richard, I.6
-
47
-
-
70349224650
-
Surgical management of spastcity in persons with cerebral palsy
-
Lynn AK, Turner M, Chambers HG. Surgical management of spastcity in persons with cerebral palsy. PM R 2009;1 : 834-848.
-
(2009)
PMR
, vol.1
, pp. 834-848
-
-
Lynn, A.K.1
Turner, M.2
Chambers, H.G.3
|