Periodontal variables may predict sub-clinical atherosclerosis and systemic inflammation in young adults. A cross-sectional study

European Journal of Oral Implantology

Volumn 2, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 125-133

  Cairo, Francesco ^a   Nieri, Michele ^a   Gori, Anna Maria ^a   Rotundo, Roberto ^a   Castellani, Sergio ^a   Abbate, Rosanna ^a   Pini Prato, Giovan Paolo ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF FLORENCE   (Italy)

Author keywords

Atherosclerosis; C reactive protein; Carotid intima media thickness; Periodontal disease; Periodontal medicine

Indexed keywords

AUTACOID; C REACTIVE PROTEIN; CHOLESTEROL; TRIACYLGLYCEROL;

ADULT; ARTICLE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; BLOOD; CAROTID ARTERY DISEASE; CASE CONTROL STUDY; COMMON CAROTID ARTERY; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; ECHOGRAPHY; FEMALE; HUMAN; INFLAMMATION; INTIMA; MALE; PATHOLOGY; PERIODONTICS; PERIODONTITIS; PROGNOSIS; STATISTICAL MODEL; TOOTH PLAQUE; TUNICA MEDIA;

ADULT; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; CAROTID ARTERY DISEASES; CAROTID ARTERY, COMMON; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; CHOLESTEROL; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; DENTAL PLAQUE INDEX; FEMALE; HUMANS; INFLAMMATION; INFLAMMATION MEDIATORS; LINEAR MODELS; MALE; PERIODONTAL INDEX; PERIODONTITIS; PROGNOSIS; TRIGLYCERIDES; TUNICA INTIMA; TUNICA MEDIA; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 77953107407     PISSN: 17562406     EISSN: 17562414     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. Mustapha IZ, Debrey S, Oladubu M, Ugarte R. Markers of systemic bacterial exposure in periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Periodontol 2007;78:2289-2302
2. Paquette DW, Brodala N, Nichols TC. Cardiovascular disease, inflammation, and periodontal infection. Periodontol 2000 2007;44:113-126
3. Chiu B. Multiple infections in carotid atherosclerotic plaques. Am Heart J 1999;138:S534-S536
4. Haraszthy VI, Zambon JJ, Trevisan M, Zeid M, Genco RJ. Identification of periodontal pathogens in atheromatous plaques. J Periodontol 2000;71:1554-1560
5. Cairo F, Gaeta C, Dorigo W, Oggioni MR, Pratesi C, Pini Prato G, Pozzi G. Periodontal pathogens in atheromatous plaques. A controlled clinical and laboratory trial. J Periodontal Res 2004;39:442-446
6. Aimetti M, Romano F, Nessi F. Microbiologic analysis of periodontal pockets and carotid atheromatous plaques in advanced chronic periodontitis patients. J Periodontol 2007;78: 1718-1723
7. Brodala N, Merricks EP, Bellinger DA, Damrongsri D, Offenbacher S, Beck J et al. Porphyromonas gingivalis bacteremia induces coronary and aortic atherosclerosis in normocholesterolemic and hypercholesterolemic pigs. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2005;25:1446-1451
8. Li L, Messas E, Batista EL Jr, Levine RA, Amar S. Porphyromonas gingivalis infection accelerates the progression of atherosclerosis in a heterozygous apolipoprotein E-deficient murine model. Circulation 2002;105:861-867
9. Loos BG, Craandijk J, Hoek FJ, Wertheim-van Dillen PM, van der Velden U. Elevation of systemic markers related to cardiovascular diseases in the peripheral blood of periodontitis patients. J Periodontol 2000;71:1528-1534
10. Ebersole JL, Machen RL, Steffen MJ, Willmann DE. Systemic acute-phase reactants, C-reactive protein and haptoglobin in adult periodontitis. Clin Exp Immunol 1997;107:347-52
11. D'Aiuto F, Parkar M, Andreou G, Suvan J, Brett PM, Ready D, Tonetti MS. Periodontitis and systemic inflammation: control of the local infection is associated with a reduction in serum inflammatory markers. J Dent Res 2004;83:156-160
12. D'Aiuto F, Parkar M, Tonetti MS. Acute effects of periodontal therapy on bio-markers of vascular health. J Clin Periodontol 2007;34:124-129
13. Tonetti MS, D'Aiuto F, Nibali L, Donald A, Storry C, Parkar M et al. Treatment of periodontitis and endothelial function. N Engl J Med 2007;356:911-920
14. Cutler CW, Shinedling EA, Nunn M, Jotwani R, Kim BO, Nares S, Iacopino AM. Association between periodontitis and hyperlipidemia: cause or effect? J Periodontol 1999;70:1429-1434
15. Nibali L, D'Aiuto F, Griffiths G, Patel K, Suvan J, Tonetti MS. Severe periodontitis is associated with systemic inflammation and a dysmetabolic status: a case-control study. J Clin Periodontol 2007;34:931-937
16. Iacopino AM, Cutler CW. Pathophysiological relationships between periodontitis and systemic disease: recent concepts involving serum lipids. J Periodontol 2000;71:1375-1384
17. Ximénez-Fyvie LA, Haffajee AD, Socransky SS. Microbial composition of supra-and subgingival plaque in subjects with adult periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 2000;27:722-732
18. Armitage G. Periodontal diseases: diagnosis. Ann Periodontol 1996;1:37-215
19. Renvert S, Persson GR. A systematic review on the use of residual probing depth, bleeding on probing and furcation status following initial periodontal therapy to predict further attachment and tooth loss. J Clin Periodontol 2002;29(suppl 3):82-89
20. Lang NP, Adler R, Joss A, Nyman S. Absence of bleeding on probing. An indicator of periodontal stability. J Clin Periodontol 1990;17:714-721
21. Claffey N, Egelberg J. Clinical indicators of probing attachment loss following initial periodontal treatment in advanced periodontitis patients. J Clin Periodontol 1995;22:690-696
22. Madianos PN, Bobetsis GA, Kinane DF. Is periodontitis associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease and preterm and/or low birth weight births? J Clin Periodontol 2002;29(suppl 3):22-36
23. Touboul PJ, Hennerici MG, Meairs S, Adams H, Amarenco P, Desvarieux M et al. Mannheim intima-media thickness consensus. Cerebrovasc Dis 2004;18:346-249
24. Howard G, Sharrett MD, Heiss G, Evans GW, Chambless LE, Riley WA, Burke GL. Carotid artery intimal-medial thickness distribution in general populations as evaluated by B-mode ultrasound. Stroke 1993;24:1297-1304
25. Burke GL, Evans GW, Riley WA, Sharrett AR, Howard G, Barnes RW et al. Arterial wall thickness is associated with prevalent cardiovascular disease in middle-aged adults. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Stroke 1995;26:386-391
26. O'Leary DH, Polak JF, Kronmal RA, Manolio TA, Burke GL, Wolfson SK Jr. Carotid-artery intima and media thickness as a risk factor for myocardial infarction and stroke in older adults. Cardiovascular Health Study Collaborative Research Group. N Engl J Med 1999;340:14-22
27. Aminbakhsh A, Mancini GB. Carotid intima-media thickness measurements: what defines an abnormality? A systematic review. Clin Invest Med 1999;22:149-157
28. Beck JD, Elter JR, Heiss G, Couper D, Mauriello SM, Offenbacher S. Relationship of periodontal disease to carotid artery intima-media wall thickness. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2001;21:1816-1822
29. Leivadaros E, van der Velden U, Bizzarro S, ten Heggeler JM, Gerdes VE, Hoek FJ et al. A pilot study into measurements of markers of atherosclerosis in periodontitis. J Periodontol 2005;76:121-128
30. Soder PO, Soder B, Nowak J, Jogestrand T. Early carotid atherosclerosis in subjects with periodontal diseases. Stroke 2005;36:1195-1200
31. Cairo F, Castellani S, Gori AM, Nieri M, Baldelli G, Abbate R, Pini-Prato GP. Severe periodontitis in young adults is associated with sub-clinical atherosclerosis. J Clin Periodontol 2008;35:465-472
32. Von Elm E, Altman DG, Egger M, Pocock S, Gotzsche P, Vanderbrouke JP, STROBE initiative. The strengthening the reporting the observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. J Clin Epidemiol 2008;61:344-349
33. Touboul PJ, Elbaz A, Koller C, Lucas C, Adraï V, Chédru F, Amarenco P. Common carotid artery intima-media thickness and brain infarction: the Etude du Profil Genetique de l'Infarctus Cerebral (GENIC) case-control study. The GENIC Investigators. Circulation 2000;102:313-318
34. Reaven GM. Why syndrome X? From Harold Himsworth to the insulin resistance syndrome. Cell Metab 2005,1:9-14
35. Ross, R. Atherosclerosis-an inflammatory disease. N Engl J Med 1999;340:115-126
36. Skålén K, Gustafsson M, Rydberg EK, Hultén LM, Wiklund O, Innerarity TL, Borén J. Subendothelial retention of atherogenic lipoproteins in early atherosclerosis. Nature 2002;417:750-754
37. Eriksson EE, Xie X, Werr J, Thoren P, Lindbom L. Importance of primary capture and L-selectin-dependent secondary capture in leukocyte accumulation in inflammation and atherosclerosis in vivo. J Exp Med 2001;194:205-218
38. Offenbacher S, Madianos PN, Champagne CM, Southerland JH, Paquette DW, Williams RC et al. Periodontitis-atherosclerosis syndrome: an expanded model of pathogenesis. J Periodontal Res 1999;34:346-352
39. Herzberg M, Weyer MW. Dental plaque, platelets and cardiovascular disease. Ann Periodontol 1998;3:151-160
40. Qi M, Miyakawa H, Kuramitsu HK. Porphyromonas gingivalis induces murine macrophage foam cell formation. Microb Pathog 2003;35:259-267
41. Lalla E, Lamster IB, Hofmann MA, Bucciarelli L, Jerud AP, Tucker S et al. Oral infection with a periodontal pathogen accelerates early atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-null mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2003;23:1405-1411
42. Roth GA, Moser B, Huang SJ, Brandt JS, Huang Y, Papapanou PN et al. Infection with a periodontal pathogen induces procoagulant effects in human aortic endothelial cells. J Thromb Haemost 2006;4:2256-2261
43. Matuliene G, Pjetursson BE, Salvi GE, Schmidlin K, Brägger U, Zwahlen M, Lang NP. Influence of residual pockets on progression of periodontitis and tooth loss: results after 11 years of maintenance. J Clin Periodontol 2008;35:685-695
44. Beck J, Garcia R, Heiss G, Vokonas PS, Offenbacher, S. Periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease. J Periodontol 1996;67:1123-1137
45. Desvarieux M, Demmer RT, Rundek T, Boden-Albala B, Jacobs DR Jr, Papapanou PN, Sacco RL; Oral Infections and Vascular Disease Epidemiology Study (INVEST). Relationship between periodontal disease, tooth loss, and carotid artery plaque: the Oral Infections and Vascular Disease Epidemiology Study (INVEST). Stroke 2003;34:2120-2125
46. Engebretson SP, Lamster IB, Elkind MS, Rundek T, Serman NJ, Demmer RT et al. Radiographic measures of chronic periodontitis and carotid artery plaque. Stroke 2005;36:561-566
47. Pischon N, Heng N, Bernimoulin JP, Kleber BM, Willich SN, Pischon T. Obesity, inflammation, and periodontal disease. J Dent Res 2007;86:400-409
48. Genco RJ, Grossi SG, Ho A, Nishimura F, Murayama Y. A proposed model linking inflammation to obesity, diabetes, and periodontal infections. J Periodontol 2005;76(suppl 11):2075-2084
49. Ylöstalo P, Suominen-Taipale L, Reunanen A, Knuuttila M. Association between body weight and periodontal infection. J Clin Periodontol 2008;35:297-304
50. Paraskevas S, Huizinga JD, Loos BG. A systematic review and meta-analyses on C-reactive protein in relation to periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 2008;35:277-290
51. Craig RG, Yip JK, So MK, Boylan RJ, Socransky SS, Haffajee AD. Relationship of destructive periodontal disease to the acute-phase response. J Periodontol 2003;74:1007-1016
52. Ridker PM, Cushman M, Stampfer MJ, Tracy RP, Hennekens CH. Inflammation, aspirin, and the risk of cardiovascular disease in apparently healthy men. N Engl J Med 1997;336:973-979
53. Ridker PM, Rifai N, Rose L, Buring JE, Cook NR. Comparison of C-reactive protein and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in the prediction of first cardiovascular events. N Engl J Med 2002;347:1557-1565
54. Blake GJ, Ridker PM. C-reactive protein, subclinical atherosclerosis, and risk of cardiovascular events. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2002;22:1512-1513
55. Lim LP, Tay FB, Sum CF, Thai AC. Relationship between markers of metabolic control and inflammation on severity of periodontal disease in patients with diabetes mellitus. J Clin Periodontol 2007;34:118-123
56. D'Aiuto F, Ready D, Tonetti MS. Periodontal disease and Creactive protein-associated cardiovascular risk. J Periodontal Res 2004;39:236-241
57. Miller LS, Manwell MA, Newbold D, Reding ME, Rasheed A, Blodgett J, Kornman KS. The relationship between reduction in periodontal inflammation and diabetes control: a report of 9 cases. J Periodontol 1992;63: 843-848
58. Aldridge JP, Lester V, Watts TL, Collins A, Viberti G, Wilson RF. Single-blind studies of the effects of improved periodontal health on metabolic control in type 1 diabetes mellitus. J Clin Periodontol 1995;22:271-275
59. Engebretson SP, Hey-Hadavi J, Ehrhardt FJ, Hsu D, Celenti RS, Grbic JT, Lamster IB. Gingival crevicular fluid levels of interleukin-1beta and glycemic control in patients with chronic periodontitis and type 2 diabetes. J Periodontol 2004;75: 1203-1208