Acquiring empire by law: From Roman doctrine to early modern European practice

Law and History Review

Volumn 28, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 1-38

  Benton, Lauren ^a   Straumann, Benjamin ^a  

^a NEW YORK UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 77952926294     PISSN: 07382480     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0738248009990022     Document Type: Review

References (103)

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2. David Armitage discusses vacuum domicilium and terra nullius in tandem in his The Ideological Origins of the British Empire (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000), 97
3. Paul Corcoran, "John Locke on the Possession of Land: Native Title vs. the 'Principle' of vacuum domicilium," Proceedings, Australasian Political Studies Association Annual Conference (Melbourne: Monash University, 24-26 September 2007), http://arts.monash.edu.au/psi/news-and-events/apsa/ refereed-papers/index.php#political-theory
4. Richard Perruso, "The Development of the Doctrine of Res Communes in Medieval and Early Modern Europe," Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis 70 (2002): 69-94
5. J. H. Elliott, Empires of the Atlantic World. Britain and Spain in America, 1492-1830 (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 2006), 12
6. Anthony Pagden, Lords of All the World: Ideologies of Empire in Spain, Britain and France, c.1500-c.1800 (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1995)
7. Pagden, Lords of All the World, 76
8. Corcoran, "John Locke on the Possession of Land."
9. Michael Connor, The Invention of Terra Nullius: Historical and Legal Fictions on the Foundation of Australia (Paddington, N.S.W.: Macleay, 2005)
10. Richard Tuck, The Rights of War and Peace: Political Thought and the International Order from Grotius to Kant (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999), 123-25
11. Stuart Banner, "Why Terra Nullius? Anthropology and Property Law in Early Australia," Law and History Review 23 (1) (2005): 95
12. Stuart Banner, How the Indians Lost Their Land: Law and Power on the Frontier (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2005)
13. Banner, How the Indians Lost Their Land, 47-48
14. Patricia Seed, Ceremonies of Possession in Europe's Conquest of the New World, 1492-1640 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995)
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16. Ken MacMillan, Sovereignty and Possession in the English World: The Legal Foundations of Empire, 1576-1640 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006)
17. Slattery, "Paper Empires," 52
18. Lauren Benton, Law and Colonial Cultures: Legal Regimes in World History, 1400-1900 (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2002)
19. Sharon Korman, The Right of Conquest: The Acquisition of Territory by Force in International Law and Practice (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996), 44-45
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21. Benton, Law and Colonial Cultures, ch. 2
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24. Bruce Kercher, "Native Title in the Shadows: The Origins of the Myth of Terra Nullius in Early New South Wales Courts," in Colonialism and the Modern World: Selected Studies, Gregory Blue, Martin P. Bunton, and Ralph C. Crozier (Armonk, N.Y.: M. E. Sharpe, 2002), 100-119
25. Mabo v. The State of Queensland (1992)
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27. Andrew Fitzmaurice, "Moral Uncertainty in the Dispossession of Native Americans," in The Atlantic World and Virginia, 1550-1624, ed. P. C. Mancall (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2007), 383-409
28. Stuart Banner, Possessing the Pacific: Land, Settlers, and Indigenous People from Australia to Alaska (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2007), 3
29. Pagden, "The Struggle for Legitimacy and the Image of Empire in the Atlantic, to c. 1700," in The Origins of Empire, ed. Nicholas Canny (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998), 34-54
30. Pagden continues this approach in a still more recent article ("Law, Colonization, Legitimation, and the European Background," in The Cambridge History of Law in America, Vol. I, Early America (1580-1815), ed. Michael Grossberg and Christopher Tomlins [Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008], 1-31)
31. Rudolf Weigand, Die Naturrechtslehre der Legisten und Dekretisten von Irnerius bis Accursius und von Gratian bis Johannes Teutonicus (Munich: Max Hueber, 1967)
32. Cic. de off. 1, 21
33. Cicero, On Duties, ed. M. T. Griffin and E. M. Atkins (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991)
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35. A. Watson, The Law of Property in the Later Roman Republic (Oxford: Clarendon, 1968), 71 and passim
36. Gai. Dig. 41, 1, 1-3
37. A. Watson, ed., The Digest of Justinian, 2 vols. (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1985)
38. Max Kaser, Römisches Privatrecht, 16th ed. (Munich: Beck, 1992), 122
39. Dig. 41, 7, 2pr
40. W. W. Buckland, A Text-Book of Roman Law from Augustus to Justinian, 2nd ed. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1932), 206
41. Inst. 2, 1, 39
42. Buckland, Text-Book, 219
43. Dig. 41, 3, 1
44. Cic. top. 4, 23
45. David Johnston, Roman Law in Context (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999), 56
46. Fitzmaurice, "Genealogy of Terra Nullius," 6-9
47. Fitzmaurice, "Moral Uncertainty in the Dispossession of Native Americans."
48. Straumann, "'Ancient Caesarian Lawyers,'" 329
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50. Wilhelm G. Grewe, Epochen der Völkerrechtsgeschichte, 2nd ed. (Baden-Baden: Nomos, 1988), 301n1
51. Gundolf Fahl, Der Grundsatz der Freiheit der Meere in der Staatenpraxis von 1493-1649. Eine rechtsgeschichtliche Untersuchung (Cologne: Heymann, 1969), 26-33
52. Grewe, Epochen, 301
53. Davenport, European Treaties, 1:72
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55. Vitoria, "On the American Indians," in Political Writings, ed. with trans. by Anthony Pagden and Jeremy Lawrance (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991), 239f., q. 1, art. 1
56. Fisch, Europäische Expansion, 214
57. Thomas Collett Sandars, The Institutes of Justinian, with intr., trans., and notes (London, 1922; repr. Westport, Conn., 1970), 95
58. Vitoria in De Indis, q. 2, art. 3
59. Juan Belda Plans, La Escuela de Salamanca (Madrid, 2000), 399-500
60. Domingo de Soto, Relección "De Dominio," edited by Jaime Brufau Prats (Granada: Universidad de Granada, 1964)
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62. Lupher, Romans in a New World, 61
63. Werner Goez, Translatio imperii: ein Beitrag zur Geschichte des Geschichtsdenkens und der politischen Theorien im Mittelalter und in der Neuzeit (Tübingen: Mohr, 1958)
64. Dig. 14, 2, 9
65. Mommsen's translation: Ego orbis terrarum dominus sum
66. W. Ullmann, Law and Politics in the Middle Ages: An Introduction to the Sources of Medieval Political Ideas (Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1975), 57f
67. F. Vázquez de Menchaca, Controversiarum illustrium aliarumque usu frequentium libri tres, ed. F. Rodriguez Alcalde, vol. 2 (Valladolid, 1931), c. 20, 31
68. Annabel Brett, Liberty, Right and Nature: Individual Rights in Later Scholastic Thought (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997), 165-204
69. Ulp. Dig. 50, 17, 54
70. Gentili, De iure belli libri tres 1. 19, 144
71. Alberico Gentili, De iure belli libri tres, The Classics of International Law 16, 2 vols. (Oxford: Clarendon, 1933)
72. Vattel, Le droit des gens, 1, 18, 208
73. Emer de Vattel, Le droit des gens ou principes de la loi naturelle appliqués à la conduite et aux affaires des nations et des souverains, ed. Albert de Lapradelle, 3 vols. (Washington, D.C.: Carnegie Institution of Washington, 1916)
74. Tuck, The Rights of War and Peace, 191ff
75. A. Anghie, Imperialism, Sovereignty, and the Making of International Law (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005), 13-31
76. R. Williams, The American Indian in Western Legal Thought (New York: Oxford University Press, 1990), 105ff.
77. Dig. 1, 8, 2
78. Perruso, "The Development,"
79. Ulp. Dig. 47, 10, 13, 7
80. Hugo Grotius, Mare liberum, The freedom of the seas, or, The right which belongs to the Dutch to take part in the East indian trade, trans. with a revision of the Latin text of 1633 by Ralph van Deman Magoffin, ed. with an introductory note by J. B. Scott (New York, 1916), 22 (henceforth ML)
81. Hugo Grotius, The Antiquity of the Batavian Republic, ed. and trans. J. Waszink (Assen: Van Gorcum, 2000), 56f
82. Grotius, De Iure Praedae 12, fol. 103 (=ML 5, 30)
83. Hugo Grotius, De Iure Praedae Commentarius. A Collotype Reproduction of the Original Manuscript of 1604 in the Handwriting of Grotius belonging to the State University of Leyden, The Classics of International Law 22, vol. 2 (Oxford: Clarendon, 1950)
84. Commentary on the Law of Prize and Booty, ed. and with an introduction by Martine Julia van Ittersum (Indianapolis, Ind.: Liberty Fund, 2006)
85. Benjamin Straumann, Hugo Grotius und die Antike. Römisches Recht und römische Ethik im frühneuzeitlichen Naturrecht (Baden-Baden: Nomos, 2007), 32-58
86. Dig. 41, 1, 14
87. Dig. 43, 8, 3f
88. Dig. 47, 10, 13, 7)
89. Dig. 8, 4, 13
90. IPC 12, fol. 105 (=ML 5, p. 36): Verum est loqui Iurisconsultum [Ulpianum] de . . . lege privata, sed in territorio et lege populorum eadem hic est ratio, quia populi respectu totius generis humani privatorum locum obtinent
91. Arther Keller, Oliver Lissitzyn, and Frederick Mann, Creation of Rights of Sovereignty through Symbolic Acts 1400-1800 (New York: Columbia University Press, 1938)
92. Keller et al., Creation of Rights of Sovereignty
93. James Horn, "The Conquest of Eden: Possession and Dominion in Early Virginia," in Environing an English Empire: Jamestown and the Making of the North Atlantic World, ed. Robert Appelbaum and John Wood Sweet (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2005), 31 and 33
94. William Edward Dunn, "The Spanish Search for La Salle's Colony on the Bay of Espiritu Santu, 1685-1689," Southwestern Historical Quarterly Online 19 (4) (April 1916): 323-69, http://www.tshaonline.org/publications/ journals/shq/online/v019/n4/article-1-print.html (accessed December 27, 2008)
95. Tyacke, "English Charting of the River Amazon," 75
96. Walter Raleigh, The Discovery of the Large, Rich, and Beautiful Empire of Guiana, 62, 53
97. Lauren Benton, A Search for Sovereignty: Law and Geography in European Empires, 1400-1900 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010), ch. 2
98. Henry Biggar, ed., The Works of Samuel de Champlain, vol. 2 (Toronto: Champlain Society, 1922-1936), 30
99. Brian Owensby, Empire of Law and Indian Justice in Colonial Mexico (Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 2008), 91, and the rest of ch. 4
100. Fitzmaurice, Humanism and America, 144-45
101. James Horn, "The Conquest of Eden: Possession and Dominion in Early Virginia."
102. Benton, A Search for Sovereignty, ch. 1
103. John Phillip Reid, Law for the Elephant: Property and Social Behavior on the Overland Trail (San Marino, Calif.: Huntington Library Press, 1980)