Complications of thyroid surgery: Prevention and management

Minerva Chirurgica

Volumn 65, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 71-82

  Iyer, N Gopalakrishna ^a   Shaha, A R ^a  

^a MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING CANCER CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Thyroid diseases, surgery; Thyroid gland; Thyroid neoplasms

Indexed keywords

AMBULATORY SURGERY; HUMAN; INJURY; LARYNGEAL NERVE; PARATHYROID GLAND; PEROPERATIVE COMPLICATION; POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATION; RECURRENT LARYNGEAL NERVE; REVIEW; THYROIDECTOMY;

AMBULATORY SURGICAL PROCEDURES; HUMANS; INTRAOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS; LARYNGEAL NERVES; PARATHYROID GLANDS; POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS; RECURRENT LARYNGEAL NERVE; THYROIDECTOMY;

EID: 77952922135     PISSN: 00264733     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (58)

1. Reeve T, Thompson NW. Complications of thyroid surgery: how to avoid them, how to manage them, and observations on their possible effect on the whole patient. World J Surg 2000;24:971-5.
2. Rosato L, Avenia N, Bernante P, De Palma M, Gulino G, Nasi PG et al. Complications of thyroid surgery: analy-sis of a multicentric study on 14, 934 patients operated on in Italy over 5 years. World J Surg 2004;28:271-6.
3. Shaha A, Jaffe BM. Complications of thyroid surgery performed by residents. Surgery 1988;104:1109-14.
4. Sosa JA, Bowman HM, Tielsch JM, Powe NR, Gordon TA, Udelsman R. The importance of surgeon experience for clinical and economic outeomes from thyroidectomy. Ann Surg 1998;228:320-30.
5. Lydiatt DD. Medical malpractice and the thyroid gland. Head Neck 2003;25:429-31.
6. Kern KA. Medicolegal analysis of enors in diagnosis and treatment of surgical endocrine disease. Surgery 1993;114:1167-73; discussion 1173-4.
7. Shaha AR. Revision thyroid surgery - technical con-siderations. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2008;41:1169-83, x.
8. Hurtado-López LM, Zaldivar-Ramirez FR, Basurto Kuba E, Pulido Cejudo A, Garza Flores JH, Muoz Solis et al. Causes for early reintervention after thyroidectomy. Med Sci Monit 2002;8: CR247-50.
9. Harding J, Sebag F, Sierra M, Palazzo FF, Henry JF. Thyroid surgery: postoperative hematoma-prevention and treatment. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2006;391:169-73.
10. Leyre P, Desurmont T, Lacoste L, Odasso C, Bouche G, Beaulieu A et al. Does the risk of compressive hematoma after thyroidectomy authorize 1-day surgery? Langenbecks Arch Surg 2008;393:733-7.
11. Burkey SH, van Heerden JA, Thompson GB, Grant CS, Schleck CD, Farley DR. Reexploration for symptomatic hematomas after cervical exploration. Surgery 2001;130:914-20.
12. Abbas G, Dubner S, Heller KS. Re-operation for bleeding after thyroidectomy and parathyroidectomy. Head Neck 2001;23:544-6.
13. Manouras A, Markogiannakis HE, Kekis PB, Lagoudianakis EE, Fleming B. Novel hemostatic devices in thyroid surgery: electrothermal bipolar vessel seal-ing system and harmonic scalpel. Expert Rev Med Devices 2008;5:447-66.
14. Miccoli P, Berti P, Dionigi G, D'Agostino J, Orlandini C, Donatini G. Randomized controlied trial of harmonic scalpel use during thyroidectomy. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2006;132:1069-73.
15. Matthews TW, Briant TD. The use of fibrin tissue glue in thyroid surgery: resource utilization implications. J Otolaryngol 1991;20:276-8.
16. Browder IW, Litwin MS. Use of absorbable collagen for hemostasis in general surgical patients. Am Surg 1986;52:492-4.
17. Sanabria A, Carvalho AL, Silver CE, Rinaldo A, Shaha AR, Kowalski LP et al. Routine drainage after thyroid surgery-a meta-analysis. J Surg Oncol 2007;96:273-80.
18. Lahey FH, Hoover WB. Injuries to the recurrent laryn-geal nerve in thyroid operations: their management and avoidance. Ann Surg 1938;108:545-62.
19. Hundahl SA, Cady B, Cunningham MP, Mazzaferri E, McKee RF, Rosai J et al. Initial results from a prospec-tive cohort study of 5583 cases of thyroid carcinoma treated in the united states during 1996. U. S. and German Thyroid Cancer Study Group. An American College of Surgeons Commission on Cancer Patient Care Evaluation study. Cancer 2000;89:202-17.
20. Chiang FY, Lin JC, Lee KW, Wang LF, Tsai KB, Wu CW et al. Thyroid tumors with preoperative recurrent laryn-geal nerve palsy: clinicopathologic features and treatment outcome. Surgery 2006;140:413-7.
21. Miller MC, Spiegel JR. Identification and monitoring of the recurrent laryngeal nerve during thyroidectomy. Surg Oncol Clin N Am 2008;17:121-44, viii-ix.
22. Dralle H, Sekulla C, Haerting J, Timmermann W, Neumann HJ, Kruse E et al. Risk factors of paralysis and functional outcome after recurrent laryngeal nerve monitoring in thyroid surgery. Surgery 2004;136:1310-22.
23. Shindo M, Chheda NN. Incidence of vocal cord paralysis with and without recurrent laryngeal nerve monitoring during thyroidectomy. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2007;133:481-5.
24. Jatzko GR, Lisborg PH, Muller MG, Wette VM. Recurrent nerve palsy after thyroid operations-principal nerve identification and a literature review. Surgery 1994;115:139-44.
25. Wagner HE, Seiler C. Recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy after thyroid gland surgery. Br J Surg 1994;81:226-8.
26. Gauger PG, Delbridge LW, Thompson NW, Crummer P, Reeve TS. Incidence and importance of the tubercle of Zuckerkandl in thyroid surgery. Eur J Surg 2001;167:249-54.
27. Hunt PS, Poole M, Reeve TS. A reappraisal of the surgical anatomy of the thyroid and parathyroid glands. Br J Surg 1968;55:63-6.
28. Chisholm EJ, Kulinskaya E, Tolley NS. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the adverse effects of thyroidectomy combined with centrai neck dissection as com-pared with thyroidectomy alone. Laryngoscope 2009;119:1135-9.
29. Chiang FY, Lu IC, Kuo WR, Lee KW, Chang NC, Wu CW. The mechanism of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury during thyroid surgery - the application of intraop-erative neuromonitoring. Surgery 2008;143:743-9.
30. Cernea CR, Ferraz AR, Furlani J, Monteiro S, Nishio S, Hojaij FC et al. Identification of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve during thyroidectomy. Am J Surg 1992;164:634-9.
31. Moosman DA, DeWeese MS. The external laryngeal nerve as related to thyroidectomy. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1968;127:1011-6.
32. Inabnet WB, Murry T, Dhiman S, Aviv J, Lifante JC. Neuromonitoring of the external brandi of the superior laryngeal nerve during minimally invasive thyroid surgery under locai anesthesia: a prospettive study of 10 patients. Laryngoscope 2009;119:597-601.
33. Testini M, Gurrado A, Lissidini G, Nacchiero M. Hypoparathyroidism after total thyroidectomy. Minerva Chir 2007;62:409-15.
34. P Pattou F, Combemale F, Fabre S, Carnaille B, Decoulx M, Wemeau JL et al. Hypocalcemia following thyroid surgery: incidence and prediction of outcome. World J Surg 1998;22:718-24.
35. Wingert DJ, Friesen SR, Iliopoulos JI, Pierce GE, Thomas JH, Hermreck AS. Post-thyroidectomy hypocalcemia. Incidence and risk factors. Am J Surg 1986;152:606-10.
36. See AC, Soo KC. Hypocalcaemia following thyroidectomy for thyrotoxicosis. Br J Surg 1997;84:95-7.
37. Bliss RD, Gauger PG, Delbridge LW. Surgeon's approach to the thyroid gland: surgical anatomy and the importance of technique. World J Surg 2000;24:891-7.
38. Cavallaro G, Taranto G, Chiofalo MG, Cavallaro E. Usefulness of microsurgery to isolation of recurrent laryngeal nerve and parathyroid during thyroidectomy operations. Microsurgery 1998;18:460-1.
39. Lin DT, Patel SG, Shaha AR, Singh B, Shah JP. Incidence of inadvertent parathyroid removal during thyroidectomy. Laryngoscope 2002;112:608-11.
40. Sasson AR, Pingpank JF Jr, Wetherington RW, Hanlon AL, Ridge JA. Incidental parathyroidectomy during thyroid surgery does not cause transient symptomatic hypocalcemia. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2001;127:304-8.
41. Zedenius J, Wadstrom C, Delbridge L. Routine auto-transplantation of at least one parathyroid gland during total thyroidectomy may reduce permanent hypoparathyroidism to zero. Aust N Z J Surg 1999;69:794-7.
42. Lo CY, Lam KY. Postoperative hypocalcemia in patients who did or did not undergo parathyroid autotrans-plantation during thyroidectomy: a comparative study. Surgery 1998;124:1081-6; discussion 1086-7.
43. Ohman U, Granberg PO, Lindell B. Funrtion of the parathyroid glands after total thyroidectomy. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1978;146:773-8.
44. Kihara M, Miyauchi A, Kontani K, Yamauchi A, Yokomise H. Recovery of parathyroid funrtion after total thyroidectomy: long-term follow-up study. ANZ J Surg 2005;75:532-6.
45. Chia SH, Weisman RA, Tieu D, Kelly C, Dillmann WH, Orloff LA. Prospective study of perioperative factors predicting hypocalcemia after thyroid and parathyroid surgery. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2006;132:41-5.
46. Noordzij JP, Lee SL, Bernet VJ, Payne RJ, Cohen SM, McLeod IK et al Early prediction of hypocalcemia after thyroidectomy using parathyroid hormone: an analysis of pooled individuai patient data from nine obser-vational studies. J Am Coll Surg 2007;205:748-54.
47. Cheah WK, Arici C, Ituarte PH, Siperstein AE, Duh QY, Clark OH. Complications of neck dissection for thyroid cancer. World J Surg 2002;26:1013-6.
48. Shaha AR. Complications of neck dissection for thyroid cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2008;15:397-9.
49. Soo KC, Hamlyn PJ, Pegington J, Westbury G. Anatomy of the accessory nerve and its cervical contributions in the neck. Head Neck Surg 1986;9:111-5.
50. Dhiman SV, Inabnet WB. Minimally invasive surgery for thyroid diseases and thyroid cancer. J Surg Oncol 2008;97:665-8.
51. Miccoli P, Berti P, Ambrosini CE. Perspectives and lessons learned after a decade of minimally invasive video-assisted thyroidectomy. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 2008;70:282-6.
52. Snissarenko EP, Kim GH, Simental AA Jr, Zwart JE, Ransbarger DM, Kim PD. Minimally invasive video-assisted thyroidectomy: a retrospettive study over two years of experience. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2009;141:29-33.
53. Terris DJ, Angelos P, Steward DL, Simental AA. Minimally invasive video-assisted thyroidectomy: a multi-institutional North American experience. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2008;134:81-4.
54. Stalberg P, Delbridge L, van Heerden J, Barraclough B. Minimally invasive parathyroidectomy and thyroidec-tomy-current concepts. Surgeon 2007;5:301-8.
55. Miccoli P, Berti P, Raffaelli M, Materazzi G, Baldacci S, Rossi G. Comparison between minimally invasive video-assisted thyroidectomy and conventional thyroidectomy: a prospettive randomized study. Surgery 2001;130:1039-43.
56. Dionigi G, Rovera F, Carrafiello G, Boni L, Dionigi R. Ambulatory thyroid surgery: need for strider patient selection criteria. Int J Surg 2008;6(Suppl 1):S19-21.
57. Hopkins B, Steward D. Outpatient thyroid surgery and the advances making it possible. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2009;17:95-9.
58. Materazzi G, Dionigi G, Berti P, Rago R, Frustaci G, Docimo G et al. One-day thyroid surgery: retrospettive analysis of safety and patient satisfaction on a consecutive series of 1 571 cases over a three-year period. Eur Surg Res 2007;39:182-8.