The management of brain metastases in patients with non-small cell lung cancer-is it time to go back to the drawing board?

Clinical Oncology

Volumn 22, Issue 5, 2010, Pages 365-373

  Mulvenna, P M ^a  

^a FREEMAN HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Brain metastases; Non small cell lung cancer; Standard management

Indexed keywords

CORTICOSTEROID DERIVATIVE; EFAPROXIRAL; EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR KINASE INHIBITOR; ERLOTINIB; GADOLINIUM TEXAPHYRIN; PREDNISONE; TEMOZOLOMIDE;

ARTICLE; BRAIN METASTASIS; CANCER PALLIATIVE THERAPY; CANCER PATIENT; CANCER RECURRENCE; CANCER STAGING; CLINICAL TRIAL; HUMAN; LUNG NON SMALL CELL CANCER; OVERALL SURVIVAL; PATIENT CARE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS; BRAIN NEOPLASMS; CARCINOMA, NON-SMALL-CELL LUNG; CLINICAL TRIALS AS TOPIC; COMBINED MODALITY THERAPY; CRANIAL IRRADIATION; HUMANS; LUNG NEOPLASMS;

EID: 77952744919     PISSN: 09366555     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2010.03.011     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Parkin D.M., Bray F., Ferlay J., Pisani P. Global cancer statistics, 2002. CA Cancer J Clin 2005, 55:74-108.
2. Deeley T.J., Rice Edwards J.M. Radiotherapy in the management of cerebral secondaries from bronchial carcinoma. Lancet 1968, 291:1209-1213.
3. Horton J., Baxter D.H., Olson K.B. The management of metastases to the brain by irradiation and corticosteroids. Am J Roentgenol Radium Ther Nucl Med 1971, 111:334-336.
4. Zimm S., Wampler G.L., Stablein D., Hazra T., Young H.F. Intracerebral metastases in solid tumour patients: natural history and results of treatment. Cancer 1981, 48:384-394.
5. Chang J.E., Robins H.I., Mehta M.P. Therapeutic advances in the treatment of brain metastases. Clin Adv Hematol Oncol 2007, 5:54-64.
6. Ceresoli G.L., Reni M., Chiesa G., et al. Brain metastases in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer after multimodality treatment: risk factors analysis. Cancer 2002, 95:605-612.
7. Law A., Karp D., Dipetrillo T., Daly B.T. Emergence of increased cerebral metastasis after high-dose preoperative radiotherapy with chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced non small cell lung carcinoma. Cancer 2001, 92:160-164.
8. Andre F., Grunenwald D., Pujol J.L., et al. Patterns of relapse of N2 non small-cell lung carcinoma patients treated with preoperative chemotherapy: should prophylactic cranial irradiation be reconsidered?. Cancer 2001, 91:2394-2400.
9. Gaspar L., Chansky K., Albain K., et al. Time from treatment to subsequent diagnosis of brain metastases in stage III non-small-cell lung cancer: a retrospective review by the Southwest Oncology Group. J Clin Oncol 2005, 23:2955-2961.
10. Aupérin A., Arriagada R., Pignon J.P., et al. Prophylactic cranial irradiation for patients with small-cell lung cancer in complete remission. Prophylactic cranial irradiation overview collaborative group. N Engl J Med 1999, 341:476-484.
11. Le Péchoux C., Dunant A., Senan S., et al. Standard-dose versus higher-dose prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) in patients with limited-stage small-cell lung cancer in complete remission after chemotherapy and thoracic radiotherapy (PCI 99-01, EORTC 22003-08004, RTOG 0212, and IFCT 99-01): a randomised clinical trial. Lancet Oncol 2009, 10:467-474.
12. Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations World population prospects: the 2008 revision. Highlights 2009, United Nations, New York.
13. Stuschke M., Eberhardt W., Pottgen C., et al. Prophylactic cranial irradiation in locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer after multimodality treatment: long-term follow-up and investigations of late neuropsychologic effects. J Clin Oncol 1999, 17:2700-2709.
14. Pöttgen C., Eberhardt W., Grannass A., et al. Prophylactic cranial irradiation in operable stage IIIA non-small-cell lung cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy: results from a German multicenter randomized trial. J Clin Oncol 2007, 25:4987-4992.
15. Gore E.M., Bae K., Wong S., et al. A phase III comparison of prophylactic cranial irradiation versus observation in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer: initial analysis of radiation therapy oncology group 0214. J Clin Oncol 2009, 27:15s. (abstract 7506).
16. NVALT-11. Prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) versus observation in radically treated patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer: a phase III randomized study. NTR1601 Nederlands Trial Register.
17. Nieder C., Mehta M.P. Prognostic indices for brain metastases - usefulness and challenges. Radiat Oncol 2009, 4:10.
18. Gaspar L., Scott C., Rotman M., et al. Recursive partitioning analysis (RPA) of prognostic factors in three radiation therapy oncology group (RTOG) brain metastases trials. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1997, 37:745-751.
19. Lagerwaard F., Levendag P., Nowak P., Eijkenboom W., Hanssens P., Schmitz P. Identification of prognostic factors in patients with brain metastases: a review of 1292 patients. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1999, 43:795-803.
20. Sperduto P., Berkey B., Gaspar L., et al. A new prognostic index and comparison to three other indices for patients with brain metastases: an analysis of 1,960 patients in the RTOG database. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2008, 70:510-514.
21. Lutterbach J., Bartelt S., Stancu E., Guttenberger R. Patients with brain metastases: hope for recursive partitioning analysis (RPA) class 3. Radiother Oncol 2002, 63:339-345.
22. Lock M., Chow E., Pond G.R., et al. Prognostic factors in brain metastases: can we determine patients who do not benefit from whole-brain radiotherapy?. Clin Oncol 2004, 16:332-338.
23. Nieder C., Pawinski A., Molls M. Prediction of short survival in patients with brain metastases based on three different scores: a role for 'triple-negative' status?. Clin Oncol 2010, 22:65-69.
24. Mehta M.P., Shapiro W.R., Phan S.C., et al. Motexafin gadolinium combined with prompt whole brain radiotherapy prolongs time to neurologic progression in non-small-cell lung cancer patients with brain metastases: results of a phase III trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2009, 73:1069-1076.
25. Borgelt G., Gelber R., Kramer S., et al. The palliation of brain metastases: final results of the first two studies by the radiation therapy oncology group. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1980, 6:1-9.
26. Borgelt B., Gelber R., Larson M., Hendrickson F., Griffin T., Roth R. Ultra-rapid high dose irradiation schedules for the palliation of brain metastases: final results of the first two studies by the radiation therapy oncology group. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1981, 7:1633-1638.
27. Priestman T.J., Dunn J., Brada M., Rampling R., Baker P.G. Final results of the royal college of radiologists' trial comparing two different radiotherapy schedules in the treatment of cerebral metastases. Clin Oncol 1996, 8:308-315.
28. Kalkanis S.N., Douglas Kondziolka S., Gaspar L.E., et al. The role of surgical resection in the management of newly diagnosed brain metastases: a systematic review and evidence-based clinical practice guideline. J Neurooncol 2010, 96:33-43.
29. Linskey M.E., David W., Andrews D.W., et al. The role of stereotactic radiosurgery in the management of patients with newly diagnosed brain metastases: a systematic review and evidence-based clinical practice guideline. J Neurooncol 2010, 96:45-68.
30. Gaspar L.E., Mehta M.P., Patchell R.A., et al. The role of whole brain radiation therapy in the management of newly diagnosed brain metastases: a systematic review and evidence-based clinical practice guideline. J Neurooncol 2010, 96:17-32.
31. Mueller R.P., Soffietti R., Abacioglu M.U., et al. Adjuvant whole-brain radiotherapy versus observation after radiosurgery or surgical resection of 1-3 cerebral metastases: results of the EORTC 22952-26001 study. J Clin Oncol 2009, 27:15s. (abstract 2008).
32. Andrews D.W., Scott C.B., Sperduto P.W., et al. Whole brain radiotherapy with or without radiosurgery boost for patients with one to three brain metastases: phase III results of the RTOG 9508 randomised trial. Lancet 2004, 363:1665-1672.
33. Mintz A.H., Kestle J., Rathbone M., et al. A randomized trial to assess the efficacy of surgery in addition to radiotherapy in patients with a single cerebral metastasis. Cancer 1996, 78:470-476.
34. Patchell R.A., Tibbs P.A., Regine W.F., et al. Postoperative radiotherapy in the treatment of single brain metastases to the brain. A randomised trial. JAMA 1998, 280:1485-1489.
35. Chang E.L., Wefel J.S., Hess K.R., et al. Neurocognition in patients with brain metastases treated with radiosurgery or radiosurgery plus whole-brain irradiation: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet Oncol 2009, 10:1037-1044.
36. Chao J.H., Phillips R., Nickson J.J. Roentgen-ray therapy of cerebral metastases. Cancer 1954, 7:682-689.
37. Order S.E., Hellman S., Von Essen C.F., et al. Improvement in quality of survival following whole brain irradiation for brain metastases. Radiology 1968, 91:149-153.
38. Fried B., Buckley R. Primary carcinoma of the lungs. IV. Intracranial metastases. Arch Pathol 1930, 9:483-527.
39. Khanduri S., Gerrard G., Barton R., Mulvenna P., Lee S.M. Clinical trials assessing the optimal management of brain metastases-the state of play. Clin Oncol 2006, 18:744-746.
40. Stea B., Suh J.H., Boyd A.P., Cagnoni P.J., Shaw E. Whole-brain radiotherapy with or without efaproxiral for the treatment of brain metastases: determinants of response and its prognostic value for subsequent survival. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006, 64:1023-1030.
41. Mehta M.P., Rodrigus P., Terhaard C., et al. Survival and neurologic outcomes in a randomized trial of motexafin gadolinium and whole-brain radiation therapy in brain metastases. J Clin Oncol 2003, 21:2529-2536.
42. Chemotherapy in non small cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis using updated data on individual patients from 52 randomised clinical trials. Br Med J 1995, 311:899-909. Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Collaborative Group.
43. Cullen M.H., Billingham L.J., Woodroffe C.M., Chetiyawardana A.D., Gower N.H. Mitomycin, ifosfamide, and cisplatin in unresectable non-small-cell lung cancer: effects on survival and quality of life. J Clin Oncol 1999, 17:3188-3194.
44. Spiro S.G., Rudd R.M., Souhami R.L., et al. Chemotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: improved survival without detriment to quality of life. Thorax 2004, 59:828-836.
45. Mehta M.P., Paleologos N.A., Mikkelsen T., et al. The role of chemotherapy in the management of newly diagnosed brain metastases: a systematic review and evidence-based clinical practice guideline. J Neurooncol 2010, 96(1):71-83.
46. Guerrieri M., Wong K., Ryan G., Millward M., Quong G., Ball D.L. A randomised phase III study of palliative radiation with concomitant carboplatin for brain metastases from non-small cell carcinoma of the lung. Lung Cancer 2004, 46:107-111.
47. Antonadou D., Paraskevaidis M., Sarris G., et al. Phase II randomized trial of temozolomide and concurrent radiotherapy in patients with brain metastases. J Clin Oncol 2002, 20:3644-3650.
48. Robinet G., Thomas P., Breton J.L., et al. Results of a phase III study of early versus delayed whole brain radiotherapy with concurrent cisplatin and vinorelbine combination in inoperable brain metastasis of non-small-cell lung cancer: groupe Francais de Pneumo-Cancerologie (GFPC) protocol 95-1. Ann Oncol 2001, 12:59-67.
49. Lee D.H., Han J.Y., Kim H.T., et al. Primary chemotherapy for newly diagnosed non small cell lung cancer patients with synchronous brain metastases compared with whole-brain radiotherapy administered first: result of a randomized pilot study. Cancer 2008, 113:143-149.
50. Olson J.J., Paleologos N.A., Gaspar L.E., et al. The role of emerging and investigational therapies for metastatic brain tumors: a systematic review and evidence-based clinical practice guideline of selected topics. J Neurooncol 2010, 96(1):115-142.
51. Hoskin P.J., Brada M. Consensus statement: radiotherapy for brain metastases. Clin Oncol 2001, 13:91-94.
52. Tsao M.N., Lloyd N., Wong R., Chow E., Rakovitch E., Laperriere N. Whole brain radiotherapy for the treatment of multiple brain metastases. Cochrane Database System Rev 2006, Issue 3; CD003869.
53. Evidence-based guidelines for the treatment of metastatic brain tumors. J Neurooncol 2010, 96:1-142. [Special Issue]. L.M. Liau (Ed.).
54. Postmus P.E., Haaxma-Reiche H., Smit E.F., et al. Treatment of brain metastases of small-cell lung cancer: comparing teniposide and teniposide with whole-brain radiotherapy-a phase III study of the EORTC lung cancer cooperative group. J Clin Oncol 2000, 18:3400-3408.