New predictors of adverse cardiovascular events following vascular surgery

Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia

Volumn 14, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 148-153

  Van Lammeren, G W ^a   De Vries, J P P M ^b   Vink, A ^a   De Kleijn, D P V ^a   Moll, F L ^a   Pasterkamp, G ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER UTRECHT   (Netherlands)

^b ST ANTONIUS HOSPITAL   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Atherosclerosis; Cardiovascular risk; Inflammation

Indexed keywords

1 ALKYL 2 ACETYLGLYCEROPHOSPHOCHOLINE ESTERASE; C REACTIVE PROTEIN; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL;

ADVERSE OUTCOME; AGING; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUE; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; DISEASE COURSE; DISEASE MARKER; HEART INFARCTION; HIGH RISK PATIENT; HUMAN; POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATION; PROGNOSIS; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; STROKE; THROMBOEMBOLISM; THROMBOGENESIS; TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK; VASCULAR SURGERY;

AGING; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; DISEASE PROGRESSION; HUMANS; RISK FACTORS; THROMBOEMBOLISM; VASCULAR SURGICAL PROCEDURES;

EID: 77952592744     PISSN: 10892532     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/1089253210371518     Document Type: Review

References (43)

1. Murray CJ, Lopez AD Global mortality, disability, and the contribution of risk factors: Global Burden of Disease Study. Lancet. 1997; 349: 1436-1442.
2. Dawber TR, Meadors GF, Moore FE Jr. Epidemiological approaches to heart disease: the Framingham Study. Am J Public Health Nations Health. 1951; 41: 279-281.
3. Smulders YM, Thijs A., Twisk JW New cardiovascular risk determinants do exist and are clinically useful. Eur Heart J. 2008; 29: 436-440.
4. Executive Summary of the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). JAMA. 2001; 285: 2486-2497.
5. Ridker PM, Rifai N., Rose L., Buring JE, Cook NR Comparison of C-reactive protein and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in the prediction of first cardiovascular events. N Engl J Med. 2002; 347: 1557-1565.
6. Sprengers RW, Janssen KJ, Moll FL, Verhaar MC, van der Graaf Y. Prediction rule for cardiovascular events and mortality in peripheral arterial disease patients: data from the prospective Second Manifestations of ARTerial disease (SMART) cohort study. J Vasc Surg. 2009; 50: 1369-1376.
7. Packard RR, Libby P. Inflammation in atherosclerosis: from vascular biology to biomarker discovery and risk prediction. Clin Chem. 2008; 54: 24-38.
8. Gabay C., Kushner I. Acute-phase proteins and other systemic responses to inflammation. N Engl J Med. 1999; 340: 448-454.
9. Heinrich J., Schulte H., Schonfeld R., Kohler E., Assmann G. Association of variables of coagulation, fibrinolysis and acute-phase with atherosclerosis in coronary and peripheral arteries and those arteries supplying the brain. Thromb Haemost. 1995; 73: 374-379.
10. Haverkate F., Thompson SG, Pyke SD, Gallimore JR, Pepys MB Production of C-reactive protein and risk of coronary events in stable and unstable angina. European Concerted Action on Thrombosis and Disabilities Angina Pectoris Study Group. Lancet. 1997; 349: 462-466.
11. Everett BM, Glynn RJ, MacFadyen JG, Ridker PM Rosuvastatin in the prevention of stroke among men and women with elevated levels of C-reactive protein: Justification for the Use of Statins in prevention: an Intervention Trial Evaluating Rosuvastatin (JUPITER). Circulation. 2010; 121: 143-150.
12. Ridker PM, Stampfer MJ, Rifai N. Novel risk factors for systemic atherosclerosis: a comparison of C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, homocysteine, lipoprotein(a), and standard cholesterol screening as predictors of peripheral arterial disease. JAMA. 2001; 285: 2481-2485.
13. Danesh J., Wheeler JG, Hirschfield GM, et al. C-reactive protein and other circulating markers of inflammation in the prediction of coronary heart disease. N Engl J Med. 2004; 350: 1387-1397.
14. Persson M., Hedblad B., Nelson JJ, Berglund G. Elevated Lp-PLA2 levels add prognostic information to the metabolic syndrome on incidence of cardiovascular events among middle-aged nondiabetic subjects. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2007; 27: 1411-1416.
15. Elkind MS, Leon V., Moon YP, Paik MC, Sacco RL High-sensitivity C-reactive protein and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 stability before and after stroke and myocardial infarction. Stroke. 2009; 40: 3233-3237.
16. Maier W., Altwegg LA, Corti R., et al. Inflammatory markers at the site of ruptured plaque in acute myocardial infarction: locally increased interleukin-6 and serum amyloid A but decreased C-reactive protein. Circulation. 2005; 111: 1355-1361.
17. Spagnoli LG, Mauriello A., Sangiorgi G., et al. Extracranial thrombotically active carotid plaque as a risk factor for ischemic stroke. JAMA. 2004; 292: 1845-1852.
18. Virmani R., Burke AP, Farb A., Kolodgie FD Pathology of the vulnerable plaque. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006; 47: C13-18.
19. Schaar JA, De Korte CL, Mastik F., et al. Characterizing vulnerable plaque features with intravascular elastography. Circulation. 2003; 108: 2636-2641. (Pubitemid 37466804) (Pubitemid 37466804)
20. Davies MJ, Richardson PD, Woolf N., Katz DR, Mann J. Risk of thrombosis in human atherosclerotic plaques: role of extracellular lipid, macrophage, and smooth muscle cell content. Br Heart J. 1993; 69: 377-381.
21. Falk E., Shah PK, Fuster V. Coronary plaque disruption. Circulation. 1995; 92: 657-671.
22. Moreno PR, Falk E., Palacios IF, Newell JB, Fuster V., Fallon JT Macrophage infiltration in acute coronary syndromes. Implications for plaque rupture. Circulation. 1994; 90: 775-778.
23. Schaar JA, Muller JE, Falk E., et al. Terminology for high-risk and vulnerable coronary artery plaques. Report of a meeting on the vulnerable plaque, June 17 and 18, 2003, Santorini, Greece. Eur Heart J. 2004; 25: 1077-1082.
24. Simons PC, Algra A., van de Laak MF, Grobbee DE, van der Graaf Y. Second manifestations of ARTerial disease (SMART) study: rationale and design. Eur J Epidemiol. 1999; 15: 773-781.
25. Naghavi M., Libby P., Falk E., et al. From vulnerable plaque to vulnerable patient: a call for new definitions and risk assessment strategies: Part I. Circulation. 2003; 108: 1664-1672. (Pubitemid 37243650) (Pubitemid 37243650)
26. Naghavi M., Libby P., Falk E., et al. From vulnerable plaque to vulnerable patient: a call for new definitions and risk assessment strategies: Part II. Circulation. 2003; 108: 1772-1778. (Pubitemid 37296082) (Pubitemid 37296082)
27. van der Wal AC, Becker AE, van der Loos CM, Das PK Site of intimal rupture or erosion of thrombosed coronary atherosclerotic plaques is characterized by an inflammatory process irrespective of the dominant plaque morphology. Circulation. 1994; 89: 36-44.
28. Pasterkamp G., Schoneveld AH, van der Wal AC, et al. Inflammation of the atherosclerotic cap and shoulder of the plaque is a common and locally observed feature in unruptured plaques of femoral and coronary arteries. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1999; 19: 54-58.
29. Van Mieghem CA, McFadden EP, de Feyter PJ, et al. Non-invasive detection of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis coupled with assessment of changes in plaque characteristics using novel invasive imaging modalities: the Integrated Biomarker and Imaging Study (IBIS). J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006; 47: 1134-1142.
30. Verhoeven BA, Velema E., Schoneveld AH, et al. Atheroexpress: differential atherosclerotic plaque expression of mRNA and protein in relation to cardiovascular events and patient characteristics. Rationale and design. Eur J Epidemiol. 2004; 19: 1127-1133.
31. Goessens BM, Visseren FL, Kappelle LJ, Algra A., van der Graaf Y. Asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis and the risk of new vascular events in patients with manifest arterial disease: the SMART study. Stroke. 2007; 38: 1470-1475.
32. O'Leary DH, Polak JF, Kronmal RA, Manolio TA, Burke GL, Wolfson SK Jr. Carotid-artery intima and media thickness as a risk factor for myocardial infarction and stroke in older adults. Cardiovascular Health Study Collaborative Research Group. N Engl J Med. 1999; 340: 14-22.
33. Mauriello A., Sangiorgi G., Fratoni S., et al. Diffuse and active inflammation occurs in both vulnerable and stable plaques of the entire coronary tree: a histopathologic study of patients dying of acute myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005; 45: 1585-1593.
34. Rothwell PM, Villagra R., Gibson R., Donders RC, Warlow CP Evidence of a chronic systemic cause of instability of atherosclerotic plaques. Lancet. 2000; 355: 19-24.
35. Vink A., Schoneveld AH, Richard W., et al. Plaque burden, arterial remodeling and plaque vulnerability: determined by systemic factors? J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001; 38: 718-723.
36. Peeters W., Hellings WE, de Kleijn DP, et al. Carotid atherosclerotic plaques stabilize after stroke: insights into the natural process of atherosclerotic plaque stabilization. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2009; 29: 128-133.
37. Verhoeven B., Hellings WE, Moll FL, et al. Carotid atherosclerotic plaques in patients with transient ischemic attacks and stroke have unstable characteristics compared with plaques in asymptomatic and amaurosis fugax patients. J Vasc Surg. 2005; 42: 1075-1081.
38. Hellings WE, Moll FL, De Vries JP, et al. Atherosclerotic plaque composition and occurrence of restenosis after carotid endarterectomy. JAMA. 2008; 299: 547-554.
39. de Kleijn DP, Moll FL, Hellings WE, et al. Local atherosclerotic plaques are a source of prognostic biomarkers for adverse cardiovascular events. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2010; 30: 612-619.
40. Pasterkamp G., Daemen M. Circulating cells: the biofactory for markers of atherosclerotic disease. Eur Heart J. 2008; 29: 2701-2702.
41. Pasterkamp G. Circulating cells: The natural sensors of plaque and patient destabilization. 2009. http://www.ctmm.nl/pro1/general/start.asp?i= 3&j=1&k=0&p=0&itemid=119. Accessed January 20, 2010.
42. Wallis de Vries BM, Hillebrands JL, van Dam GM, et al. Images in cardiovascular medicine. Multispectral near-infrared fluorescence molecular imaging of matrix metalloproteinases in a human carotid plaque using a matrix-degrading metalloproteinase-sensitive activatable fluorescent probe. Circulation. 2009; 119: e534-e536.
43. Serruys PW, Garcia-Garcia HM, Buszman P., et al. Effects of the direct lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) inhibitor darapladib on human coronary atherosclerotic plaque. Circulation. 2008; 118: 1172-1182.