메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 20, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 279-291

CT colonography: Perforation rates and potential radiation risks

Author keywords

Colonography; Colorectal cancer; Computed tomography; Perforation; Radiation; Risk; Screening

Indexed keywords

BARIUM ENEMA; CANCER RISK; CANCER SCREENING; COLON PERFORATION; COLON POLYP; COLONOSCOPY; COLORECTAL CANCER; COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC COLONOGRAPHY; CROHN DISEASE; ENTERITIS; HUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RADIATION CARCINOGENESIS; RADIATION DOSE; RADIATION HAZARD; REVIEW; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SIGMOID CARCINOMA; SIGMOIDOSCOPY; ULCERATIVE COLITIS; COLON; COLORECTAL TUMOR; COMPLICATION; INCIDENCE; INTESTINAL PERFORATION; RADIATION INJURIES; RADIOGRAPHY; RISK FACTOR; RUPTURE; UNITED STATES;

EID: 77952577251     PISSN: 10525157     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.giec.2010.02.003     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (54)

References (62)
  • 1
    • 42949177399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American Cancer Society Colorectal Cancer Advisory Group, US Multi-Society Task Force, American College of Radiology Colon Cancer Committee. Screening and surveillance for the early detection of colorectal cancer and adenomatous polyps, 2008: a joint guideline from the American Cancer Society, the US Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer, and the American College of Radiology
    • Levin B., Lieberman D.A., McFarland B., et al. American Cancer Society Colorectal Cancer Advisory Group, US Multi-Society Task Force, American College of Radiology Colon Cancer Committee. Screening and surveillance for the early detection of colorectal cancer and adenomatous polyps, 2008: a joint guideline from the American Cancer Society, the US Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer, and the American College of Radiology. CA Cancer J Clin 2008, 58(3):130-160.
    • (2008) CA Cancer J Clin , vol.58 , Issue.3 , pp. 130-160
    • Levin, B.1    Lieberman, D.A.2    McFarland, B.3
  • 2
    • 67349168011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends in colorectal cancer test use in the medicare population, 1998-2005
    • Schenck A.P., Peacock S.C., Klabunde C.N., et al. Trends in colorectal cancer test use in the medicare population, 1998-2005. Am J Prev Med 2009, 37(1):1-7.
    • (2009) Am J Prev Med , vol.37 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-7
    • Schenck, A.P.1    Peacock, S.C.2    Klabunde, C.N.3
  • 3
    • 55749085431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Screening for colorectal cancer: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement
    • U.S.Preventive Services Task Force
    • U.S.Preventive Services Task Force Screening for colorectal cancer: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. Ann Intern Med 2008, 149(9):627-637.
    • (2008) Ann Intern Med , vol.149 , Issue.9 , pp. 627-637
  • 5
    • 77952563084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extra-colonic findings on CT colonography. Gastrointest Endosc, in press.
    • Yee J. Extra-colonic findings on CT colonography. Gastrointest Endosc, in press.
    • Yee, J.1
  • 6
    • 3042698256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Actual colonic perforation in virtual colonoscopy: report of a case
    • Kamar M., Portnoy O., Bar-Dayan A., et al. Actual colonic perforation in virtual colonoscopy: report of a case. Dis Colon Rectum 2004, 47:1242-1246.
    • (2004) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.47 , pp. 1242-1246
    • Kamar, M.1    Portnoy, O.2    Bar-Dayan, A.3
  • 7
    • 3042737717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perforated colon secondary to virtual colonoscopy: report of a case
    • Coady-Fariborzian L., Angel L.P., Procaccino J.A. Perforated colon secondary to virtual colonoscopy: report of a case. Dis Colon Rectum 2004, 47:1247-1249.
    • (2004) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.47 , pp. 1247-1249
    • Coady-Fariborzian, L.1    Angel, L.P.2    Procaccino, J.A.3
  • 8
    • 33644862919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Colonic perforation after Computed Tomographic Colonography in a patient with fibrostenosing Crohn's disease
    • Triester S.L., Hara A.K., Young-Fadok T.M., et al. Colonic perforation after Computed Tomographic Colonography in a patient with fibrostenosing Crohn's disease. Am J Gastroenterol 2006, 101:189-192.
    • (2006) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.101 , pp. 189-192
    • Triester, S.L.1    Hara, A.K.2    Young-Fadok, T.M.3
  • 9
    • 33646147154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potentially adverse events at CT colonography in symptomatic patients: national survey of the United Kingdom
    • Burling D., Halligan S., Slater A., et al. Potentially adverse events at CT colonography in symptomatic patients: national survey of the United Kingdom. Radiology 2006, 239(2):464-471.
    • (2006) Radiology , vol.239 , Issue.2 , pp. 464-471
    • Burling, D.1    Halligan, S.2    Slater, A.3
  • 10
    • 33646150672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Colonic perforation at CT colonography: assessment of risk in a multicenter large cohort
    • Sosna J., Blachar A., Amitai M., et al. Colonic perforation at CT colonography: assessment of risk in a multicenter large cohort. Radiology 2006, 239:457-463.
    • (2006) Radiology , vol.239 , pp. 457-463
    • Sosna, J.1    Blachar, A.2    Amitai, M.3
  • 11
    • 33646158702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence of colonic perforation at CT colonography: review of existing data and implications for screening of asymptomatic adults
    • Pickhardt P.J. Incidence of colonic perforation at CT colonography: review of existing data and implications for screening of asymptomatic adults. Radiology 2006, 239:313-316.
    • (2006) Radiology , vol.239 , pp. 313-316
    • Pickhardt, P.J.1
  • 12
    • 33645729541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perforation of the colon and rectum-a newly recognized complication of CT colonography
    • Sosna J., Sella T., Bar-Ziv J., et al. Perforation of the colon and rectum-a newly recognized complication of CT colonography. Semin Ultrasound CT MR 2006, 27:161-165.
    • (2006) Semin Ultrasound CT MR , vol.27 , pp. 161-165
    • Sosna, J.1    Sella, T.2    Bar-Ziv, J.3
  • 13
    • 34748914262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sigmoid colon perforation at CT colonography secondary to a possible obstructive mechanism: report of a case
    • Belo-Oliveira P., Curvo-Semedo L., Rodrigues H., et al. Sigmoid colon perforation at CT colonography secondary to a possible obstructive mechanism: report of a case. Dis Colon Rectum 2007, 50:1478-1480.
    • (2007) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.50 , pp. 1478-1480
    • Belo-Oliveira, P.1    Curvo-Semedo, L.2    Rodrigues, H.3
  • 14
    • 0345490049 scopus 로고
    • Normal anatomy and techniques of examination of the colon: barium, CT and MRI
    • Mosby, St Louis (MO), P.C. Freeny, G.W. Stevenson (Eds.)
    • Stevenson G. Normal anatomy and techniques of examination of the colon: barium, CT and MRI. Margulis and Burhenne's alimentary tract radiology 1994, 692-724. Mosby, St Louis (MO). P.C. Freeny, G.W. Stevenson (Eds.).
    • (1994) Margulis and Burhenne's alimentary tract radiology , pp. 692-724
    • Stevenson, G.1
  • 15
    • 33644839458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Colonic perforation at CT colonography in a patient without known colonic disease
    • Young B.M., Fletcher J.G., Earnest F., et al. Colonic perforation at CT colonography in a patient without known colonic disease. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2006, 186:119-121.
    • (2006) AJR Am J Roentgenol , vol.186 , pp. 119-121
    • Young, B.M.1    Fletcher, J.G.2    Earnest, F.3
  • 16
    • 48349141445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Colonic perforation during screening CT colonography using automated CO2 insufflation in an asymptomatic adult
    • Bassett J.T., Liotta R.A., Barlow D., et al. Colonic perforation during screening CT colonography using automated CO2 insufflation in an asymptomatic adult. Abdom Imaging 2008, 33:598-600.
    • (2008) Abdom Imaging , vol.33 , pp. 598-600
    • Bassett, J.T.1    Liotta, R.A.2    Barlow, D.3
  • 17
    • 0027086973 scopus 로고
    • Colonoscopy: a prospective report of complications
    • Waye J.D., Lewis B.S., Yessayan S. Colonoscopy: a prospective report of complications. J Clin Gastroenterol 1992, 15:347-351.
    • (1992) J Clin Gastroenterol , vol.15 , pp. 347-351
    • Waye, J.D.1    Lewis, B.S.2    Yessayan, S.3
  • 18
    • 0033637258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endoscopic perforation of the colon: lessons from a 10-year study
    • Anderson M.L., Pasha T.M., Leighton J.A. Endoscopic perforation of the colon: lessons from a 10-year study. Am J Gastroenterol 2000, 95:3418-3422.
    • (2000) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.95 , pp. 3418-3422
    • Anderson, M.L.1    Pasha, T.M.2    Leighton, J.A.3
  • 19
    • 0035349898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective evaluation of complications in outpatient GI endoscopy: a survey among German gastroenterologists
    • Sieg A., Hachmoeller-Eisenbach U., Eisenbach T. Prospective evaluation of complications in outpatient GI endoscopy: a survey among German gastroenterologists. Gastrointest Endosc 2001, 53:620-627.
    • (2001) Gastrointest Endosc , vol.53 , pp. 620-627
    • Sieg, A.1    Hachmoeller-Eisenbach, U.2    Eisenbach, T.3
  • 20
    • 0035464115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Actual colonoscopy: what are the risks of perforation?
    • Tran D.Q., Rosen L., Kim R., et al. Actual colonoscopy: what are the risks of perforation?. Am J Surg 2001, 67:845-847.
    • (2001) Am J Surg , vol.67 , pp. 845-847
    • Tran, D.Q.1    Rosen, L.2    Kim, R.3
  • 21
    • 0141817865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perforation during colonoscopy in endoscopic ambulatory surgical centers
    • Korman L.Y., Overholt B.F., Box T., et al. Perforation during colonoscopy in endoscopic ambulatory surgical centers. Gastrointest Endosc 2003, 58:554-557.
    • (2003) Gastrointest Endosc , vol.58 , pp. 554-557
    • Korman, L.Y.1    Overholt, B.F.2    Box, T.3
  • 22
    • 0037420021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk of perforation after colonoscopy and sigmoidoscopy: a population-based study
    • Gatto N.M., Frucht H., Sundarajan V., et al. Risk of perforation after colonoscopy and sigmoidoscopy: a population-based study. J Natl Cancer Inst 2003, 95:230-236.
    • (2003) J Natl Cancer Inst , vol.95 , pp. 230-236
    • Gatto, N.M.1    Frucht, H.2    Sundarajan, V.3
  • 23
    • 1642492950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective study of colonoscopy practice in the UK today: are we adequately prepared for national colorectal cancer screening tomorrow?
    • Bowles C.J., Leicester R., Romaya C., et al. A prospective study of colonoscopy practice in the UK today: are we adequately prepared for national colorectal cancer screening tomorrow?. Gut 2004, 53:277-283.
    • (2004) Gut , vol.53 , pp. 277-283
    • Bowles, C.J.1    Leicester, R.2    Romaya, C.3
  • 24
    • 0019954908 scopus 로고
    • Perforation of the colon above the peritoneal reflection during the barium enema examination
    • Han S.Y., Tishler J.M. Perforation of the colon above the peritoneal reflection during the barium enema examination. Radiology 1982, 144:253-255.
    • (1982) Radiology , vol.144 , pp. 253-255
    • Han, S.Y.1    Tishler, J.M.2
  • 25
    • 23744465213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complications of barium enema examinations: a survey of consultant radiologists 1992-1994
    • Blakeborough A., Sheridan M.B., Chapman A.H. Complications of barium enema examinations: a survey of consultant radiologists 1992-1994. Clin Radiol 1997, 52:142-148.
    • (1997) Clin Radiol , vol.52 , pp. 142-148
    • Blakeborough, A.1    Sheridan, M.B.2    Chapman, A.H.3
  • 26
    • 0025737537 scopus 로고
    • Recognition and prevention of barium enema complications
    • Williams S.M., Harned R.K. Recognition and prevention of barium enema complications. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol 1992, 20:123-151.
    • (1992) Curr Probl Diagn Radiol , vol.20 , pp. 123-151
    • Williams, S.M.1    Harned, R.K.2
  • 27
    • 23744470619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retention balloon catheters and barium enemas: attitudes, current practice, and relative safety in the UK
    • Blakeborough A., Sheridan M.B., Chapman A.H. Retention balloon catheters and barium enemas: attitudes, current practice, and relative safety in the UK. Clin Radiol 1997, 52:62-64.
    • (1997) Clin Radiol , vol.52 , pp. 62-64
    • Blakeborough, A.1    Sheridan, M.B.2    Chapman, A.H.3
  • 28
    • 73149113560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Projected cancer risks from computed tomographic scans performed in the United States in 2007
    • Berrington de Gonzalez A., Mahesh M., Kim K.P., et al. Projected cancer risks from computed tomographic scans performed in the United States in 2007. Arch Int Med 2009, 169(22):2071-2077.
    • (2009) Arch Int Med , vol.169 , Issue.22 , pp. 2071-2077
    • Berrington de Gonzalez, A.1    Mahesh, M.2    Kim, K.P.3
  • 29
    • 64949151537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recurrent CT, cumulative radiation exposure, and associated radiation-induced cancer risks from CT of adults
    • Sodickson A., Baeyens P.F., Andriole K.P., et al. Recurrent CT, cumulative radiation exposure, and associated radiation-induced cancer risks from CT of adults. Radiology 2009, 251(1):175-184.
    • (2009) Radiology , vol.251 , Issue.1 , pp. 175-184
    • Sodickson, A.1    Baeyens, P.F.2    Andriole, K.P.3
  • 30
    • 85032843101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC, Committee to assess health risks from exposure to low levels of ionizing radiation*National Research Council
    • Committee to assess health risks from exposure to low levels of ionizing radiation, National Research Council Health risks from exposure to low levels of ionizing radiation: BEIR VII 2005, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC.
    • (2005) Health risks from exposure to low levels of ionizing radiation: BEIR VII
  • 33
    • 0043136286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Radiation exposure in multi-slice versus single-slice spiral CT: results of a nationwide survey
    • Brix G., Nagel H.D., Stamm G., et al. Radiation exposure in multi-slice versus single-slice spiral CT: results of a nationwide survey. Eur Radiol 2003, 13(8):1979-1991.
    • (2003) Eur Radiol , vol.13 , Issue.8 , pp. 1979-1991
    • Brix, G.1    Nagel, H.D.2    Stamm, G.3
  • 34
    • 0036923914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CT-expo: a novel program for dose evaluation in CT
    • [in German]
    • Stamm G., Nagel H.D. Rofo 2002, 174(12):1570-1576. [in German].
    • (2002) Rofo , vol.174 , Issue.12 , pp. 1570-1576
    • Stamm, G.1    Nagel, H.D.2
  • 35
    • 66149176167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Imaging Performance Assessment of Computed Tomography Group, London, Imaging Performance Assessment of Computed Tomography Group
    • Imaging Performance Assessment of Computed Tomography Group ImPACT CT patient dosimetry calculator-version 0.99x 2006, Imaging Performance Assessment of Computed Tomography Group, London.
    • (2006) ImPACT CT patient dosimetry calculator-version 0.99x
  • 41
    • 0031132763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reducing data size and radiation dose for CT colonography
    • Hara A.K., Johnson C.D., Reed J.E., et al. Reducing data size and radiation dose for CT colonography. Am J Roentgenol 1997, 168:1181-1184.
    • (1997) Am J Roentgenol , vol.168 , pp. 1181-1184
    • Hara, A.K.1    Johnson, C.D.2    Reed, J.E.3
  • 42
    • 0036085139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CT colonography at different radiation dose levels: feasibility of dose reduction
    • van Gelder R.E., Venema H.W., Serlie I.W., et al. CT colonography at different radiation dose levels: feasibility of dose reduction. Radiology 2002, 224:25-33.
    • (2002) Radiology , vol.224 , pp. 25-33
    • van Gelder, R.E.1    Venema, H.W.2    Serlie, I.W.3
  • 43
    • 0036315281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Colorectal neoplasms: prospective comparison of thin-section low-dose multi-detector row CT colonography and conventional colonoscopy for detection
    • Macari M., Bini E.J., Xue X., et al. Colorectal neoplasms: prospective comparison of thin-section low-dose multi-detector row CT colonography and conventional colonoscopy for detection. Radiology 2002, 224:383-392.
    • (2002) Radiology , vol.224 , pp. 383-392
    • Macari, M.1    Bini, E.J.2    Xue, X.3
  • 44
    • 58849136275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of CT colonography, colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy and fecal occult blood tests for the detection of advanced adenoma in an average risk population
    • Graser A., Stieber P., Nagel D., et al. Comparison of CT colonography, colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy and fecal occult blood tests for the detection of advanced adenoma in an average risk population. Gut 2009, 58:241-248.
    • (2009) Gut , vol.58 , pp. 241-248
    • Graser, A.1    Stieber, P.2    Nagel, D.3
  • 45
    • 0038756656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Feasibility of ultra-low-dose multislice CT colonography for the detection of colorectal lesions: preliminary experience
    • Iannaccone R., Laghi A., Catalano C., et al. Feasibility of ultra-low-dose multislice CT colonography for the detection of colorectal lesions: preliminary experience. Eur Radiol 2003, 13:1297-1302.
    • (2003) Eur Radiol , vol.13 , pp. 1297-1302
    • Iannaccone, R.1    Laghi, A.2    Catalano, C.3
  • 46
    • 0345015529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of colorectal lesions: lower-dose multi-detector row helical CT colonography compared with conventional colonoscopy
    • Iannaccone R., Laghi A., Catalano C., et al. Detection of colorectal lesions: lower-dose multi-detector row helical CT colonography compared with conventional colonoscopy. Radiology 2003, 229:775-781.
    • (2003) Radiology , vol.229 , pp. 775-781
    • Iannaccone, R.1    Laghi, A.2    Catalano, C.3
  • 47
    • 27744439367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Colorectal polyps: detection with low-dose multi-detector row helical CT colonography versus two sequential colonoscopies
    • Iannaccone R., Catalano C., Mangiapane F., et al. Colorectal polyps: detection with low-dose multi-detector row helical CT colonography versus two sequential colonoscopies. Radiology 2005, 237:927-937.
    • (2005) Radiology , vol.237 , pp. 927-937
    • Iannaccone, R.1    Catalano, C.2    Mangiapane, F.3
  • 48
    • 0037371529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of supine, prone and both supine and prone scans in CT colonography
    • Yee J., Kumar N.N., Hung R.K., et al. Comparison of supine, prone and both supine and prone scans in CT colonography. Radiology 2003, 226:653-661.
    • (2003) Radiology , vol.226 , pp. 653-661
    • Yee, J.1    Kumar, N.N.2    Hung, R.K.3
  • 49
    • 16544364276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Feasibility of MDCT Colonography in ultra-low-dose technique in the detection of colorectal lesions: comparison with high-resolution video colonoscopy
    • Cohnen M., Vogt C., Beck A., et al. Feasibility of MDCT Colonography in ultra-low-dose technique in the detection of colorectal lesions: comparison with high-resolution video colonoscopy. Am J Roentgenol 2004, 183:1355-1359.
    • (2004) Am J Roentgenol , vol.183 , pp. 1355-1359
    • Cohnen, M.1    Vogt, C.2    Beck, A.3
  • 50
    • 3242815478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CT Colonography: feasibility of substantial dose reduction- comparison of medium to very low doses in identical patients
    • van Gelder R.E., Venema H.W., Florie J., et al. CT Colonography: feasibility of substantial dose reduction- comparison of medium to very low doses in identical patients. Radiology 2004, 232:611-620.
    • (2004) Radiology , vol.232 , pp. 611-620
    • van Gelder, R.E.1    Venema, H.W.2    Florie, J.3
  • 51
    • 52049112304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Radiation dose in CT colonography-trends in time and differences between daily practice and screening protocols
    • Liedenbaum M.H., Venema H.W., Stoker J. Radiation dose in CT colonography-trends in time and differences between daily practice and screening protocols. Eur Radiol 2008, 18(10):2222-2228.
    • (2008) Eur Radiol , vol.18 , Issue.10 , pp. 2222-2228
    • Liedenbaum, M.H.1    Venema, H.W.2    Stoker, J.3
  • 52
    • 47249166093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effective doses in radiology and diagnostic nuclear medicine: a catalog
    • Mettler F.A., Huda W., Yoshizumi T.T., et al. Effective doses in radiology and diagnostic nuclear medicine: a catalog. Radiology 2008, 248(1):254-263.
    • (2008) Radiology , vol.248 , Issue.1 , pp. 254-263
    • Mettler, F.A.1    Huda, W.2    Yoshizumi, T.T.3
  • 53
    • 34548581922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Solid cancer incidence in atomic bomb survivors: 1958-1998
    • Preston D.L., Ron E., Tokuoka S., et al. Solid cancer incidence in atomic bomb survivors: 1958-1998. Radiat Res 2007, 168(1):1-64.
    • (2007) Radiat Res , vol.168 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-64
    • Preston, D.L.1    Ron, E.2    Tokuoka, S.3
  • 54
    • 0019302945 scopus 로고
    • Estimating cancer risks from low doses of ionizing radiation
    • Land C.E. Estimating cancer risks from low doses of ionizing radiation. Science 1980, 209(4462):1197-1203.
    • (1980) Science , vol.209 , Issue.4462 , pp. 1197-1203
    • Land, C.E.1
  • 55
    • 52249108133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accuracy of CT colonography for detection of large adenomas and cancers
    • Johnson C.D., Chen M.H., Toledano A.Y., et al. Accuracy of CT colonography for detection of large adenomas and cancers. N Engl J Med 2008, 359(12):1207-1217.
    • (2008) N Engl J Med , vol.359 , Issue.12 , pp. 1207-1217
    • Johnson, C.D.1    Chen, M.H.2    Toledano, A.Y.3
  • 56
    • 22344437374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mass screening with CT colonography: should the radiation exposure be of concern?
    • Brenner D.J., Georgsson M.A. Mass screening with CT colonography: should the radiation exposure be of concern?. Gastroenterology 2005, 129(1):328-337.
    • (2005) Gastroenterology , vol.129 , Issue.1 , pp. 328-337
    • Brenner, D.J.1    Georgsson, M.A.2
  • 57
    • 0003805399 scopus 로고
    • National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC, Committee on the Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation (BEIR V), National Research Council
    • Committee on the Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation (BEIR V), National Research Council Health effects of exposure to low levels of ionizing radiation: BEIR V 1990, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC.
    • (1990) Health effects of exposure to low levels of ionizing radiation: BEIR V
  • 58
    • 0003470141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • United Nations, New York, United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation
    • United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation Sources and effects of ionizing radiation 2006, United Nations, New York.
    • (2006) Sources and effects of ionizing radiation
  • 59
    • 53749086472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unsuspected extracolonic findings at screening CT colonography: clinical and economic impact
    • Pickhardt P.J., Hanson M.E., Vanness D.J., et al. Unsuspected extracolonic findings at screening CT colonography: clinical and economic impact. Radiology 2008, 249(1):151-159.
    • (2008) Radiology , vol.249 , Issue.1 , pp. 151-159
    • Pickhardt, P.J.1    Hanson, M.E.2    Vanness, D.J.3
  • 60
    • 22544436951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extracolonic abnormalities discovered incidentally at CT colonography in a male population
    • Yee J., Kumar N.N., Godara S., et al. Extracolonic abnormalities discovered incidentally at CT colonography in a male population. Radiology 2005, 236(2):519-526.
    • (2005) Radiology , vol.236 , Issue.2 , pp. 519-526
    • Yee, J.1    Kumar, N.N.2    Godara, S.3
  • 61
    • 0037380911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extracolonic findings at CT colonography: evaluation of prevalence and cost in a screening population
    • Gluecker T.M., Johnson C.D., Wilson L.A., et al. Extracolonic findings at CT colonography: evaluation of prevalence and cost in a screening population. Gastroenterology 2003, 124(4):911-916.
    • (2003) Gastroenterology , vol.124 , Issue.4 , pp. 911-916
    • Gluecker, T.M.1    Johnson, C.D.2    Wilson, L.A.3
  • 62
    • 58149175815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extracolonic findings at virtual colonoscopy: an important consideration in asymptomatic colorectal cancer screening
    • Kimberly J.R., Phillips K.C., Santago P., et al. Extracolonic findings at virtual colonoscopy: an important consideration in asymptomatic colorectal cancer screening. J Gen Intern Med 2009, 24(1):69-73.
    • (2009) J Gen Intern Med , vol.24 , Issue.1 , pp. 69-73
    • Kimberly, J.R.1    Phillips, K.C.2    Santago, P.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.