메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 38, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 240-259

The role of syllable structure in external sandhi: An EPG study of vocalisation and retraction in word-final English /l/

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 77952541449     PISSN: 00954470     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.wocn.2009.10.005     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (45)

References (81)
  • 1
    • 84937324819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A phonetic and phonological investigation of English clear and dark syllabic /l/
    • Barry M.C. A phonetic and phonological investigation of English clear and dark syllabic /l/. Bulletin de la Communication Parlée 2000, 5:77-88.
    • (2000) Bulletin de la Communication Parlée , vol.5 , pp. 77-88
    • Barry, M.C.1
  • 2
    • 0000960458 scopus 로고
    • Coarticulation resistance in English /l/
    • Bladon R.A., Al-Bamerni A. Coarticulation resistance in English /l/. Journal of Phonetics 1976, 4:137-150.
    • (1976) Journal of Phonetics , vol.4 , pp. 137-150
    • Bladon, R.A.1    Al-Bamerni, A.2
  • 3
    • 0345798942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Empirical tests of the gradual learning algorithm
    • Boersma P., Hayes B. Empirical tests of the gradual learning algorithm. Linguistic Inquiry 2001, 32:45-86.
    • (2001) Linguistic Inquiry , vol.32 , pp. 45-86
    • Boersma, P.1    Hayes, B.2
  • 4
    • 77952541969 scopus 로고
    • Topics in the lexical phonology of English. PhD dissertation, University of Massachusetts
    • Borowsky, T. (1986). Topics in the lexical phonology of English. PhD dissertation, University of Massachusetts.
    • (1986)
    • Borowsky, T.1
  • 5
    • 0008257697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • L-vocalization in Australian English
    • John Benjamins, Amsterdam, F. Hinskens, R. van Hout, W.L. Wetzels (Eds.)
    • Borowsky T., Horvath B. L-vocalization in Australian English. Variation, change and phonological theory 1997, 101-123. John Benjamins, Amsterdam. F. Hinskens, R. van Hout, W.L. Wetzels (Eds.).
    • (1997) Variation, change and phonological theory , pp. 101-123
    • Borowsky, T.1    Horvath, B.2
  • 6
    • 77952544950 scopus 로고
    • Skeletal and suprasegmental structure within Government Phonology
    • Longman, Harlow, J. Durand, F. Katamba (Eds.)
    • Brockhaus W. Skeletal and suprasegmental structure within Government Phonology. Frontiers of phonology: Atoms, structures, derivations 1995, 180-221. Longman, Harlow. J. Durand, F. Katamba (Eds.).
    • (1995) Frontiers of phonology: Atoms, structures, derivations , pp. 180-221
    • Brockhaus, W.1
  • 8
    • 0002956896 scopus 로고
    • Gestural syllable position effects in American English
    • AIP Press, Woodbury, NY, F. Bell-Berti, L.J. Raphael (Eds.)
    • Browman C., Goldstein L. Gestural syllable position effects in American English. Producing speech: Contemporary issues 1995, 19-33. AIP Press, Woodbury, NY. F. Bell-Berti, L.J. Raphael (Eds.).
    • (1995) Producing speech: Contemporary issues , pp. 19-33
    • Browman, C.1    Goldstein, L.2
  • 9
    • 84904692307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Competing constraints on intergestural coordination and self-organization of phonological structures
    • Browman C., Goldstein L. Competing constraints on intergestural coordination and self-organization of phonological structures. Bulletin de la Communication Parlée 2000, 5:25-34.
    • (2000) Bulletin de la Communication Parlée , vol.5 , pp. 25-34
    • Browman, C.1    Goldstein, L.2
  • 11
    • 0011499143 scopus 로고
    • C-centers revisited
    • Byrd D. C-centers revisited. Phonetica 1995, 52:285-306.
    • (1995) Phonetica , vol.52 , pp. 285-306
    • Byrd, D.1
  • 13
    • 77952550714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structured variation in British English liquids. Unpublished PhD diss., York University, York
    • Carter, P. (2002). Structured variation in British English liquids. Unpublished PhD diss., York University, York.
    • (2002)
    • Carter, P.1
  • 14
    • 31644441255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extrinsic phonetic interpretation: Spectral variation in English liquids
    • CUP, Cambridge, J. Local, R. Ogden, R. Temple (Eds.)
    • Carter P. Extrinsic phonetic interpretation: Spectral variation in English liquids. Papers in laboratory phonology VI: Phonetic interpretation 2003, 237-252. CUP, Cambridge. J. Local, R. Ogden, R. Temple (Eds.).
    • (2003) Papers in laboratory phonology VI: Phonetic interpretation , pp. 237-252
    • Carter, P.1
  • 20
    • 0035376527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rate-induced resyllabification revisited
    • de Jong K. Rate-induced resyllabification revisited. Language and Speech 2001, 20:197-216.
    • (2001) Language and Speech , vol.20 , pp. 197-216
    • de Jong, K.1
  • 22
    • 33845187443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamics in grammar: Comment on Ladd and Ernestus & Baayen
    • Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin, L. Goldstein, D. Whalen, C.T. Best (Eds.)
    • Gafos A. Dynamics in grammar: Comment on Ladd and Ernestus & Baayen. Papers in laboratory phonology 8: Varieties of phonological competence 2006, 51-79. Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin. L. Goldstein, D. Whalen, C.T. Best (Eds.).
    • (2006) Papers in laboratory phonology 8: Varieties of phonological competence , pp. 51-79
    • Gafos, A.1
  • 23
    • 33845232901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of phonological cognition
    • Gafos A., Benus S. Dynamics of phonological cognition. Cognitive Science 2006, 30(5):905-943.
    • (2006) Cognitive Science , vol.30 , Issue.5 , pp. 905-943
    • Gafos, A.1    Benus, S.2
  • 24
    • 21844440384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Articulatory correlates of ambisyllabicity in English glides and liquids
    • CUP, Cambridge, J. Local, R. Ogden, R. Temple (Eds.)
    • Gick B. Articulatory correlates of ambisyllabicity in English glides and liquids. Papers in laboratory phonology VI: Constraints on phonetic interpretation 2003, 222-236. CUP, Cambridge. J. Local, R. Ogden, R. Temple (Eds.).
    • (2003) Papers in laboratory phonology VI: Constraints on phonetic interpretation , pp. 222-236
    • Gick, B.1
  • 25
    • 32644443846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Towards universals in the gestural organization of syllables: A cross-linguistic study of liquids
    • Gick B., Campbell F., Oh S., Tamburri-Watt L. Towards universals in the gestural organization of syllables: A cross-linguistic study of liquids. Journal of Phonetics 2006, 34:49-72.
    • (2006) Journal of Phonetics , vol.34 , pp. 49-72
    • Gick, B.1    Campbell, F.2    Oh, S.3    Tamburri-Watt, L.4
  • 26
    • 0016411734 scopus 로고
    • Cinefluorographic study of selected allophones of English /l/
    • Giles S.B., Moll K.L. Cinefluorographic study of selected allophones of English /l/. Phonetica 1975, 31:206-227.
    • (1975) Phonetica , vol.31 , pp. 206-227
    • Giles, S.B.1    Moll, K.L.2
  • 27
    • 84928280004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of vocal tract gestural action units in understanding the evolution of phonology
    • Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, M. Arbib (Ed.)
    • Goldstein L., Byrd D., Saltzman E. The role of vocal tract gestural action units in understanding the evolution of phonology. From action to language: The mirror neuron system 2006, 215-249. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. M. Arbib (Ed.).
    • (2006) From action to language: The mirror neuron system , pp. 215-249
    • Goldstein, L.1    Byrd, D.2    Saltzman, E.3
  • 28
    • 0010067231 scopus 로고
    • English plosive allophones and ambisyllabicity
    • Gussenhoven C. English plosive allophones and ambisyllabicity. Gramma 1986, 10(2):119-141.
    • (1986) Gramma , vol.10 , Issue.2 , pp. 119-141
    • Gussenhoven, C.1
  • 30
    • 84934564178 scopus 로고
    • Segmental phonology of Modern English
    • Halle M., Mohanan K.P. Segmental phonology of Modern English. Linguistic Inquiry 1985, 16(1):57-116.
    • (1985) Linguistic Inquiry , vol.16 , Issue.1 , pp. 57-116
    • Halle, M.1    Mohanan, K.P.2
  • 32
    • 0040176092 scopus 로고
    • The syllable in linguistic description
    • Mouton, The Hague, M. Halle, H.G. Lunt, H. McClean (Eds.)
    • Haugen E. The syllable in linguistic description. For Roman Jakobson 1956, 213-221. Mouton, The Hague. M. Halle, H.G. Lunt, H. McClean (Eds.).
    • (1956) For Roman Jakobson , pp. 213-221
    • Haugen, E.1
  • 33
    • 0006372296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gradient well-formedness in optimality theory
    • Oxford University Press, Oxford, J. Dekkers, F. van der Leeuw, J. van der Weijer (Eds.)
    • Hayes B. Gradient well-formedness in optimality theory. Optimality theory: Phonology, syntax, and acquisition 2000, 88-120. Oxford University Press, Oxford. J. Dekkers, F. van der Leeuw, J. van der Weijer (Eds.).
    • (2000) Optimality theory: Phonology, syntax, and acquisition , pp. 88-120
    • Hayes, B.1
  • 35
    • 0043249805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Against ambisyllabicity
    • Jensen J.T. Against ambisyllabicity. Phonology 2000, 17:187-235.
    • (2000) Phonology , vol.17 , pp. 187-235
    • Jensen, J.T.1
  • 36
    • 34248546446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • L-vocalisation a natural phenomenon: Explorations in sociophonology
    • Johnson W., Britain L-vocalisation a natural phenomenon: Explorations in sociophonology. Language Sciences 2007, 29:294-315.
    • (2007) Language Sciences , vol.29 , pp. 294-315
    • Johnson, W.1    Britain2
  • 39
    • 58649121405 scopus 로고
    • The distribution of (word initial) glottal stop in Dutch
    • F. Drijkoningen, A. van Kemenade (Eds.)
    • Jongenburger W., van Heuven V.J. The distribution of (word initial) glottal stop in Dutch. Linguistics in the Netherlands 1991, 101-110. F. Drijkoningen, A. van Kemenade (Eds.).
    • (1991) Linguistics in the Netherlands , pp. 101-110
    • Jongenburger, W.1    van Heuven, V.J.2
  • 40
    • 77952553650 scopus 로고
    • Syllable-based generalizations in English phonology. PhD dissertation, MIT
    • Kahn, D. (1976). Syllable-based generalizations in English phonology. PhD dissertation, MIT.
    • (1976)
    • Kahn, D.1
  • 41
    • 84976193216 scopus 로고
    • Underspecification in phonetics
    • Keating P.A. Underspecification in phonetics. Phonology 1988, 5:275-292.
    • (1988) Phonology , vol.5 , pp. 275-292
    • Keating, P.A.1
  • 42
    • 84936824514 scopus 로고
    • The dynamical perspective on speech production: Data and theory
    • Kelso J.A.S., Saltzman E.L., Tuller B. The dynamical perspective on speech production: Data and theory. Journal of Phonetics 1986, 14:29-59.
    • (1986) Journal of Phonetics , vol.14 , pp. 29-59
    • Kelso, J.A.S.1    Saltzman, E.L.2    Tuller, B.3
  • 43
    • 84972263701 scopus 로고
    • Phonological convergence and dialect contact: Evidence from citation forms
    • Kerswill P. Phonological convergence and dialect contact: Evidence from citation forms. Language Variation and Change 1995, 7:195-207.
    • (1995) Language Variation and Change , vol.7 , pp. 195-207
    • Kerswill, P.1
  • 44
    • 77950704195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phonetic variability and grammatical knowledge. An articulatory study of Korean place assimilation
    • Kochetov A., Pouplier M. Phonetic variability and grammatical knowledge. An articulatory study of Korean place assimilation. Phonology 2008, 25:399-431.
    • (2008) Phonology , vol.25 , pp. 399-431
    • Kochetov, A.1    Pouplier, M.2
  • 45
    • 0002329450 scopus 로고
    • Nonsegmental influences on velum movement patterns: Syllables, sentences, stress and speaking rate
    • Academic Press, San Diego, M.K. Huffman, R.A. Krakow (Eds.)
    • Krakow R.A. Nonsegmental influences on velum movement patterns: Syllables, sentences, stress and speaking rate. Nasals, nasalization, and the velum 1993, 87-116. Academic Press, San Diego. M.K. Huffman, R.A. Krakow (Eds.).
    • (1993) Nasals, nasalization, and the velum , pp. 87-116
    • Krakow, R.A.1
  • 46
    • 0002635113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiological organization of syllables: A review
    • Krakow R.A. Physiological organization of syllables: A review. Journal of Phonetics 1999, 27:23-54.
    • (1999) Journal of Phonetics , vol.27 , pp. 23-54
    • Krakow, R.A.1
  • 47
    • 30444432059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • External sandhi as gestural overlap? Counter-evidence from Sardinian
    • CUP, Cambridge, J. Local, R. Ogden, R. Temple (Eds.)
    • Ladd R.D., Scobbie J.M. External sandhi as gestural overlap? Counter-evidence from Sardinian. Papers in laboratory phonology VI 2003, 162-180. CUP, Cambridge. J. Local, R. Ogden, R. Temple (Eds.).
    • (2003) Papers in laboratory phonology VI , pp. 162-180
    • Ladd, R.D.1    Scobbie, J.M.2
  • 50
    • 77952543174 scopus 로고
    • A metrical theory of syllabicity. Doctoral dissertation, MIT, Cambridge
    • Levin, J. (1985). A metrical theory of syllabicity. Doctoral dissertation, MIT, Cambridge.
    • (1985)
    • Levin, J.1
  • 51
    • 38949200387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of a standard electropalatography artificial palate upon articulation. A preliminary study
    • MacAuliffe M.J., Lin E., Robb M.P., Murdoch B.E. Influence of a standard electropalatography artificial palate upon articulation. A preliminary study. Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica 2008, 60:45-53.
    • (2008) Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica , vol.60 , pp. 45-53
    • MacAuliffe, M.J.1    Lin, E.2    Robb, M.P.3    Murdoch, B.E.4
  • 52
    • 84902370460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organization of complex onsets and codas in American English: Evidence for a competitive coupling model. In Proceedings of the eighth international seminar of speech production, Strasbourg
    • Marin, S., & Pouplier, M. (2008). Organization of complex onsets and codas in American English: Evidence for a competitive coupling model. In Proceedings of the eighth international seminar of speech production, Strasbourg, pp. 433-436.
    • (2008) , pp. 433-436
    • Marin, S.1    Pouplier, M.2
  • 53
    • 77952552272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temporal organization of complex onsets and codas in American English: Testing the predictions of a gestural coupling model. Motor Control, (in press)
    • Marin, S., & Pouplier, M. (in press). Temporal organization of complex onsets and codas in American English: Testing the predictions of a gestural coupling model. Motor Control.
    • Marin, S.1    Pouplier, M.2
  • 55
    • 39149100388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Syllable-level intergestural timing model: Split-gesture dynamics focusing on positional asymmetry and moraic structure
    • Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin
    • Nam H. Syllable-level intergestural timing model: Split-gesture dynamics focusing on positional asymmetry and moraic structure. Papers in laboratory phonology 2006, 9:483-506. Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin.
    • (2006) Papers in laboratory phonology , vol.9 , pp. 483-506
    • Nam, H.1
  • 56
    • 29744433694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A competitive, coupled oscillator model of syllable structure
    • Causal Productions, Rundle Mall, M.-J. Solé, D. Recasens, J. Romero (Eds.)
    • Nam H., Saltzman E. A competitive, coupled oscillator model of syllable structure. Proceedings of the XVth ICPhS, Barcelona, Spain 2003, 2253-2256. Causal Productions, Rundle Mall. M.-J. Solé, D. Recasens, J. Romero (Eds.).
    • (2003) Proceedings of the XVth ICPhS, Barcelona, Spain , pp. 2253-2256
    • Nam, H.1    Saltzman, E.2
  • 57
    • 0001907916 scopus 로고
    • The listener as a source of sound change
    • Chicago Linguistics Society, Chicago, C.S. Masek, R.A. Hendrick, M.F. Miller (Eds.)
    • Ohala J. The listener as a source of sound change. Papers from the parasession on language and behavior 1981, 178-203. Chicago Linguistics Society, Chicago. C.S. Masek, R.A. Hendrick, M.F. Miller (Eds.).
    • (1981) Papers from the parasession on language and behavior , pp. 178-203
    • Ohala, J.1
  • 58
    • 0002228636 scopus 로고
    • Prosodic effects on glottal allophones
    • Singular Press, San Diego, O. Fujimura, M. Hirano (Eds.)
    • Pierrehumbert J. Prosodic effects on glottal allophones. Vocal fold physiology 8: Voice quality control 1995, 39-60. Singular Press, San Diego. O. Fujimura, M. Hirano (Eds.).
    • (1995) Vocal fold physiology 8: Voice quality control , pp. 39-60
    • Pierrehumbert, J.1
  • 60
    • 1542534705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An articulatory-perceptual account of vocalization and elision of dark /l/ in the Romance Languages
    • Recasens D. An articulatory-perceptual account of vocalization and elision of dark /l/ in the Romance Languages. Language and Speech 1996, 39(1):63-89.
    • (1996) Language and Speech , vol.39 , Issue.1 , pp. 63-89
    • Recasens, D.1
  • 61
    • 27844578569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shortening and ambisyllabicity in English
    • Rubach J. Shortening and ambisyllabicity in English. Phonology 1996, 13:197-237.
    • (1996) Phonology , vol.13 , pp. 197-237
    • Rubach, J.1
  • 62
    • 77952514575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interface and overlap in phonetics and phonology
    • Oxford University Press, Oxford, G. Ramchand, C. Reiss (Eds.)
    • Scobbie J.M. Interface and overlap in phonetics and phonology. The Oxford handbook of linguistic interfaces 2007, 17-52. Oxford University Press, Oxford. G. Ramchand, C. Reiss (Eds.).
    • (2007) The Oxford handbook of linguistic interfaces , pp. 17-52
    • Scobbie, J.M.1
  • 63
    • 77952546842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scobbie, J. M. (2009). Ultrasound-based tongue root imaging and measurement. Oral paper at the Workshop on Pharyngeals and Pharyngealisations, Newcastle Upon Tyne, March 2009.
    • Scobbie, J. M. (2009). Ultrasound-based tongue root imaging and measurement. Oral paper at the Workshop on Pharyngeals and Pharyngealisations, Newcastle Upon Tyne, March 2009.
  • 64
    • 70450136453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conditioning factors in external sandhi: An EPG study of English /l/ vocalisation. In Proceedings of the XVIth ICPhS, Saarbrücken.
    • Scobbie, J. M., Pouplier, M., & Wrench, A. A. (2007). Conditioning factors in external sandhi: An EPG study of English /l/ vocalisation. In Proceedings of the XVIth ICPhS, Saarbrücken, pp. 441-444.
    • (2007) , pp. 441-444
    • Scobbie, J.M.1    Pouplier, M.2    Wrench, A.A.3
  • 65
    • 77952546759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scobbie, J. M., Stuart-Smith, J., & Lawson, E. (2008). Looking variation and change in the mouth: Developing the sociolinguistic potential of Ultrasound Tongue Imaging. Final Report on ESRC Research Grant RES-000-22-2032.
    • Scobbie, J. M., Stuart-Smith, J., & Lawson, E. (2008). Looking variation and change in the mouth: Developing the sociolinguistic potential of Ultrasound Tongue Imaging. Final Report on ESRC Research Grant RES-000-22-2032.
  • 66
    • 33644591365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An articulatory investigation of word-final /l/ and /l/-sandhi in three dialects of English. In Proceedings of the XVth ICPhS, Barcelona
    • Scobbie, J. M., & Wrench, A. A. (2003). An articulatory investigation of word-final /l/ and /l/-sandhi in three dialects of English. In Proceedings of the XVth ICPhS, Barcelona, pp. 1871-1874.
    • (2003) , pp. 1871-1874
    • Scobbie, J.M.1    Wrench, A.A.2
  • 68
    • 82955245174 scopus 로고
    • Allophonic variation in English /l/ and its implications for phonetic implementation
    • Sproat R., Fujimura O. Allophonic variation in English /l/ and its implications for phonetic implementation. Journal of Phonetics 1993, 21(3):291-311.
    • (1993) Journal of Phonetics , vol.21 , Issue.3 , pp. 291-311
    • Sproat, R.1    Fujimura, O.2
  • 69
    • 77952493909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Imaging and measurement of the vocal tract
    • Elsevier, K. Brown (Ed.)
    • Stone M. Imaging and measurement of the vocal tract. Encyclopedia of language and linguistics 2006, 526-539. Elsevier. K. Brown (Ed.).
    • (2006) Encyclopedia of language and linguistics , pp. 526-539
    • Stone, M.1
  • 70
    • 34247360935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conversation and innovation in a traditional dialect: L-vocalisation in Glaswegian
    • Stuart-Smith J., Timmins C., Tweedie F. Conversation and innovation in a traditional dialect: L-vocalisation in Glaswegian. English World Wide 2006, 27:71-87.
    • (2006) English World Wide , vol.27 , pp. 71-87
    • Stuart-Smith, J.1    Timmins, C.2    Tweedie, F.3
  • 71
    • 61149550734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The phonetics and phonology of some syllabic consonants in Southern British English
    • Toft Z. The phonetics and phonology of some syllabic consonants in Southern British English. ZAS Papers in Linguistics 2002, 28:111-144.
    • (2002) ZAS Papers in Linguistics , vol.28 , pp. 111-144
    • Toft, Z.1
  • 72
    • 85120598509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • South East London English: Discrete versus continuous modelling of consonantal reduction
    • Arnold, London, P. Foulkes, G.J. Docherty (Eds.)
    • Tollfree L. South East London English: Discrete versus continuous modelling of consonantal reduction. Urban voices 1999, 163-184. Arnold, London. P. Foulkes, G.J. Docherty (Eds.).
    • (1999) Urban voices , pp. 163-184
    • Tollfree, L.1
  • 73
    • 84889443977 scopus 로고
    • CUP, Cambridge, P. Trudgill (Ed.)
    • Language in the British Isles 1984, CUP, Cambridge. P. Trudgill (Ed.).
    • (1984) Language in the British Isles
  • 74
    • 0010424308 scopus 로고
    • Articulatory phonetic cues to syllable affiliation: Gestural characteristics of bilabial stops
    • CUP, Cambridge, P. Keating (Ed.)
    • Turk A. Articulatory phonetic cues to syllable affiliation: Gestural characteristics of bilabial stops. Phonological structure and phonetic form: Papers in laboratory phonology III 1994, 107-135. CUP, Cambridge. P. Keating (Ed.).
    • (1994) Phonological structure and phonetic form: Papers in laboratory phonology III , pp. 107-135
    • Turk, A.1
  • 75
    • 0040229931 scopus 로고
    • On the theory of syllabic phonology
    • Vennemann T. On the theory of syllabic phonology. Linguistische Berichte 1972, 18:1-18.
    • (1972) Linguistische Berichte , vol.18 , pp. 1-18
    • Vennemann, T.1
  • 76
    • 56149102393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multi-channel/multi-speaker articulatory database for continuous speech recognition research
    • Wrench A.A. A multi-channel/multi-speaker articulatory database for continuous speech recognition research. Phonus 2000, 5:1-13.
    • (2000) Phonus , vol.5 , pp. 1-13
    • Wrench, A.A.1
  • 77
    • 77952549220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Articulate assistant advanced user guide v.2.05
    • Wrench, A. A. (2008). Articulate assistant advanced user guide v.2.05. http://www.articulateinstruments.com.
    • (2008)
    • Wrench, A.A.1
  • 78
    • 77952552703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Categorising vocalisation of English /l/ using EPG, EMA and ultrasound. In Proceedings of the sixth international seminar on speech production, Sydney
    • Wrench, A. A., & Scobbie, J. M. (2003). Categorising vocalisation of English /l/ using EPG, EMA and ultrasound. In Proceedings of the sixth international seminar on speech production, Sydney.
    • (2003)
    • Wrench, A.A.1    Scobbie, J.M.2
  • 79
    • 84929062768 scopus 로고
    • The effects of style and speaking rate on /l/-vocalisation in local Cambridge English
    • Wright S. The effects of style and speaking rate on /l/-vocalisation in local Cambridge English. York Papers in Linguistics 1989, 13:355-365.
    • (1989) York Papers in Linguistics , vol.13 , pp. 355-365
    • Wright, S.1
  • 80
    • 77952549369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lingual contact in selected English vowels and its acoustic consequence. In Proceedings of XVIth ICPhS, Saarbrücken
    • Yuen, I., Lee, A., & Gibbon, F. E. (2007). Lingual contact in selected English vowels and its acoustic consequence. In Proceedings of XVIth ICPhS, Saarbrücken, pp. 565-568.
    • (2007) , pp. 565-568
    • Yuen, I.1    Lee, A.2    Gibbon, F.E.3
  • 81
    • 77952544110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Zharkova, N. (2007). An investigation of coarticulation resistance in speech production using ultrasound. PhD thesis, Queen Margaret University Edinburgh
    • Zharkova, N. (2007). An investigation of coarticulation resistance in speech production using ultrasound. PhD thesis, Queen Margaret University Edinburgh.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.