Assessing the probability of carbon and greenhouse gas benefit from the management of peat soils

Science of the Total Environment

Volumn 408, Issue 13, 2010, Pages 2657-2666

  Worrall, F ^a   Bell, M J ^a   Bhogal, A ^b  

^a DURHAM UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^b ADAS BOXWORTH   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Afforestation; Burning; Carbon; Drainage; Grazing; Greenhouse gases; Management; Peat

Indexed keywords

A-CARBON; AFFORESTATION; BURNING; CARBON BUDGETS; CARBON SINK; CARBON UPTAKE; GRAZING; LAND MANAGEMENTS; NEW STUDY; PEAT SOILS; PROBABILITY ESTIMATE;

DEFORESTATION; GLOBAL WARMING; GREENHOUSE GASES; GREENHOUSES; LAND USE; LEAKAGE (FLUID); PEAT; REFORESTATION; RESTORATION; REVEGETATION; SOIL CONSERVATION; SOILS; UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS;

BUDGET CONTROL;

CARBON;

AFFORESTATION; ASSESSMENT METHOD; CARBON SINK; GRAZING MANAGEMENT; GREENHOUSE GAS; LAND MANAGEMENT; PEAT SOIL; PRESCRIBED BURNING; PROBABILITY; SOIL DRAINAGE; SOIL MANAGEMENT; UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS;

AFFORESTATION; ARTICLE; CARBON SINK; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEFORESTATION; ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT; GRAZING MANAGEMENT; GREENHOUSE GAS; LAND DRAINAGE; PRESCRIBED BURNING; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROBABILITY; REVEGETATION; SOIL MANAGEMENT; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; UNCERTAINTY; UNITED KINGDOM;

AIR POLLUTION; CARBON; CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES; ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION; GREENHOUSE EFFECT; PROBABILITY; RISK ASSESSMENT; SOIL;

EID: 77952473482     PISSN: 00489697     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.01.033     Document Type: Article

References (95)

1. Alm J., Schulman L., Walden J., Nykanen H., Martikainen P.J., Silvola J. Carbon balance of a boreal bog during a year with an exceptionally dry summer. Ecology 1999, 80(1):161-174.
2. Anderson D.E. Carbon accumulation and C/N ratios of peat bogs in North-West Scotland. Scott Geogr J 2002, 118(4):323-341.
3. Anderson P., Radford E. Changes in vegetation following reduction in grazing pressure on the National Trust's Kinder Estate, Peak District, Derbyshire, England. Biol Conserv 1994, 69:55-63.
4. Armentano T.V., Menges E.S. Patterns of change in the carbon balance of organic soil-wetlands of the temperate zone. J Ecol 1986, 74:755-774.
5. Ball M.E. Floristic changes on grasslands and heaths on the Isle of Rhum after a reduction or exclusion of grazing. J Environ Manag 1974, 2:299-318.
6. Best E.P.H., Jacobs F.H.H. The influence of raised water table levels on carbon dioxide and methane production in ditch-dissected peat grasslands in the Netherlands. Ecol Eng 1997, 8:129-144.
7. 2 release from managed peat soil. Soil Biol Biochem 2008, 40:2660-2669.
8. Billett M.F., Palmer S.M., Hope D., Deacon C., Storeton-West R., Hargreaves K.J., et al. Linking land-atmosphere-stream carbon fluxes in a lowland peatland system. Global Biogeochem Cycles 2004, 18(1):GB1024.
9. Bortoluzzi E., Epron D., Siegenthaler A., Gilbert D., Buttler A. Carbon balance of a European mountain bog at contrasting stages of regeneration. New Phytol 2006, 172:708-718.
10. Breeuwer A., Robroek B.J.M., Limpens J., Heijmans M.M.P.D., Schouten M.G.C., Berendse F. Decrease summer water table depth affects peatland vegetation. Basic Appl Ecol 2008, 5:1-10.
11. Bridgham S.D., Richardson C.J., Maltby E., Faulkner S.P. Cellulose decay in natural and disturbed peatlands in North Carolina. J Environ Qual 1991, 20:695-701.
12. Bubier J.L., Costello A., Moore T.R., Roulet N.T. Microtopography and methane flux in boreal peatlands, Northern Ontario, Canada. Can J Bot 1993, 71:1056-1063.
13. Bubier J.L., Bhatia G., Moore T.R., Roulet N.T., Lafleur P.M. Spatial and temporal variability in growing-season net ecosystem carbon dioxide exchange at a large peatland in Ontario, Canada. Ecosystems 2003, 6:353-367.
14. Burt T.P., Donohoe M.A., Vann A.R. The effect of forestry drainage operations on upland sediment yields: the results of a storm based study. Earth Surf Proc Land 1983, 8:339-346.
15. Byrne K.A., Farrell E.P. The effect of afforestation on soil carbon dioxide emissions in blanket peatland in Ireland. Forestry 2005, 78:217-227.
16. Byrne K.A., Milne R. Carbon stocks and sequestration in plantation forests in the Republic of Ireland. Forestry 2006, 79(4):361-369.
17. Cannell M.G.R. Growing trees to sequester carbon in the UK: answers to some common questions. Forestry 1999, 72(3):237-247.
18. Cannell M.G.R., Dewar R.C., Pyatt D.G. Conifer plantations on drained peatlands in Britain: a net gain or loss of carbon?. Forestry 1993, 66(4):353-369.
19. Charman D.J., Smith R.S. Forestry and blanket mires of Kielder forest, Northern England: long term effects of vegetation. Peatland Ecosystems and Man: An Impact Assessment 1992, 226-230. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Dundee, UK. O.M. Bragg, P.D. Hulme, H.A.P. Ingram, R.A. Robertson (Eds.).
20. Christensen T.R., Cox P. Response of methane emission from Arctic tundra to climatic change - results from a model simulation. Tellus Ser B 1995, 47:301-309.
21. Clay G.D., Worrall F., Fraser E.D.G. Effects of managed burning upon dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in soil water and runoff water following a managed burn of a UK blanket bog. J Hydrol 2009, 367(1-2):41-51.
22. Dawson J.J.C., Billett M.F., Neal C., Hill S. A comparison of particulate, dissolved and gaseous carbon in two contrasting upland streams in the UK. J Hydrol 2002, 257:226-246.
23. Dikici H., Yilmaz C.H. Peat fire effects of some properties of an artificially drained peatland. J Environ Qual 2006, 35:866-870.
24. 2 exchange patterns in an intensively managed peat pasture. Clim Res 2000, 14:57-63.
25. Domisch T., Finer L., Karsisto M., Laiho R., Laine J. Relocation of carbon from decaying litter in drained peat soils. Soil Biol Biochem 1998, 30(12):1529-1536.
26. Evans M.G., Warburton J., Yang J. Eroding blanket peat catchments: global and local implications of upland organic sediment budgets. Geomorphology 2006, 79:45-57.
27. Freibauer A., Rounsevell M.D.A., Smith P., Verhagen J. Carbon sequestration in the agricultural soils of Europe. Geoderma 2004, 122:1-23.
28. Funk D.W., Pulman E.R., Peterson K.M., Crill P.M., Billings W.D. Influence of water table on carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and methane fluxes from taiga bog microcosms. Global Biogeochem Cycles 1994, 8:271-278.
29. Garnett M.H., Ineson P., Stevenson A.C. Effects of burning and grazing on carbon sequestration in a Pennine blanket bog, UK. Holocene 2000, 10(6):729-736.
30. Gibson H.S., Worrall F., Burt T.P., Adamson J.K. DOC budgets of drained peat catchments. Hydrol Process 2009, 23:1901-1911.
31. Glatzel S., Kalbitz K., Dalva M., Moore T. Dissolved organic matter properties and their relationship to carbon dioxide efflux from restored peat bogs. Geoderma 2003, 113:397-411.
32. Glenn S., Heyes A., Moore T. Carbon dioxide and methane emissions from drained peatland soils, Southern Quebec. Global Biogeochem Cycles 1993, 7:247-258.
33. Gorham E. Northern peatlands: role in the carbon cycles and probable responses to climatic warming. Ecol Appl 1991, 1(2):182-195.
34. Hargreaves K.J., Milne R., Cannell M.G.R. Carbon balance of afforested peatland in Scotland. Forestry 2003, 76(3):299-317.
35. Holden J., Chapman P.J., Labadz J.C. Artificial drainage of peatlands: hydrological and hydrochemical process and wetland restoration. Prog Phys Geogr 2004, 28:95-123.
36. Holden J., Shotbolt L., Bonn A., Burt T.P., Chapman P.J., Dougill A.J., et al. Environmental change in moorland landscapes. Earth-Sci Rev 2007, 82:75-100.
37. Houghton J.T., Meira-Filho L.G., Callender B.A., Harris N., Kattenberg A., Maskell K. Climate change 1995: the science of climate change 1995, University Press, Cambridge.
38. Hughes S., Dowrick D.J., Freeman C., Hudson J.A., Reynolds B. Methane emissions from a gully mire in mid-Wales, UK under consecutive summer water table drawdown. Environ Sci Technol 1999, 33:362-365.
39. Imeson A.C. Heather burning and soil erosion on North Yorkshire Moors. J Appl Ecol 1971, 8:537-548.
40. Jandl R., Lindner M., Vesterdahl L., Bauwens B., Baritz R., Hagedorn F., et al. How strongly can forest management influence soil carbon sequestration. Geoderma 2007, 137:253-268.
41. Jauhiainen J., Takahas H., Heikkinen J.E.P., Martikainenz P.J., Vasanders H. Carbon fluxes from a tropical peat swamp forest floor. Glob Chang Biol 2005, 11:1788-1797.
42. Jones J.B., Mulholland P.J. Carbon dioxide variation in a hardwood forest stream: an integrative measure of whole catchment soil respiration. Ecosystems 1998, 1:193-196.
43. Kauppi P.E., Tomppo E. Impact of forests on net national emissions of carbon dioxide in West Europe. Water Air Soil Pollut 1993, 70:187-196.
44. Keller J.K., Bridgham S.D., Chapin C.T., Iversena C.M. Limited effects of six years of fertilization on carbon mineralization dynamics in a Minnesota fen. Soil Biol Biochem 2005, 37:1197-1204.
45. Kivimaki S.K., Yli-petays M., Tuittila E.S. Carbon sink function of sedge and sphagnum patches in a restored cut-away peatland: increased functional diversity leads to higher production. J Appl Ecol 2008, 45:921-929.
46. 2 balance. J Appl Ecol 1999, 36:634-648.
47. Lafleur P.M., Moore T.R., Roulet N.T., Frolking S. Ecosystem respiration in a cool temperate bog depends on peat temperature but not water table. Ecosystems 2005, 8:619-629.
48. Laine A., Wilson D., Kiely G., Byrne K.A. Methane flux dynamics in an Irish lowland blanket bog. Plant Soil 2007, 299:181-193.
49. Lloyd C.R. Annual carbon balance of a managed wetland meadow in the Somerset Levels, UK. Agric For Meteorol 2006, 138(1-4):168-179.
50. Macdonald J.A., Fowler D., Hargreaves K.J., Skiba U., Leith I.D., Murray M.B. Methane emission rates from a northern wetland; response to temperature, water table and transport. Atmos Environ 1998, 32(19):3219-3227.
51. Mackay A.W., Tallis J.H. Summit-type blanket mire erosion in the forest of Bowland, Lancashire, UK: predisposing factors and implications for conservation. Biol Conserv 1995, 76:31-44.
52. Makiranta P., Laiho R., Fritze H., Hytonen J., Laine J., Minkkinen K. Indirect regulation of heterotrophic peat soil respiration by water level via microbial community structure and temperature sensitivity. Soil Biol Biogeochem 2009, 41:695-703.
53. 4 at two restored peatlands, eastern Canada. Ecoscience 2004, 11(2):141-149.
54. 2 exchange on a cutover bog. J Appl Ecol 2003, 40:354-367.
55. Meyles E.W., Williams A.G., Ternan J.L., Anderson J.M., Dowd J.F. The influence of grazing on vegetation, soil properties and stream discharge in a small Dartmoor catchment, Southwest England, UK. Earth Surf Proc Land 2006, 31:622-631.
56. Milne R., Brown T.A. Carbon in the vegetation and soils of Great Britain. J Environ Manag 1997, 49:413-433.
57. Minkkinen K., Korhonen R., Savolainen I., Laine J. Carbon balance and radiative forcing of Finnish peatlands 1900-2100-the impact of forestry drainage. Glob Chang Biol 2002, 8:785-799.
58. Minkkinen K., Laine J., Shurpali N.J., Makiranta P., Alm J., Penttila T. Heterotrophic soil respiration in forestry drained peatlands. Boreal Environ Res 2007, 12:115-126.
59. Mitchell G., McDonald A.T. Catchment characterization as a tool for upland water quality management. J Environ Manag 1995, 44:83-95.
60. Moore P.D. The future if cool temperate bogs. Environ Conserv 2002, 29(1):3-20.
61. Neal C., Reynolds B., Wilkinson J., Hill T., Neal M., Hill S., et al. The impacts of conifer harvesting on runoff water quality: a regional survey for Wales. Hydrol Earth Syst Sci 1998, 2(2-3):323-344.
62. Neal C., Reynolds B., Neal M., Pugh B., Hill I., Wickham H. Long-term changes in the water quality of rainfall, cloud water and stream water for the moorland, forested and clearfelled catchments at Plynlimon, mid Wales. Hydrol Earth Syst Sci 2001, 5:459-476.
63. Nieminen M. Export of dissolved organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus following clear-cutting of three Norway spruce forests growing on drained peatlands in southern Finland. Silva Fenn 2004, 38(2):123-132.
64. Nieveen J.P., Campbell D.I., Schipper L.A., Blair I.J. Carbon exchange of grazed pasture on a drained peat soil. Glob Chang Biol 2005, 11:607-618.
65. Nilsson M., Sagerfors J., Buffam I., Laudon H., Eriksson T., Grelle A., et al. Contemporary carbon accumulation in a boreal oligotrophic minerogenic mire - a significant sink after accounting for all C-fluxes. Glob Chang Biol 2008, 14(10):2317-2332.
66. 2 flux of wet sedge tundra ecosystems. Glob Chang Biol 1998, 4:77-90.
67. Orr H.G., Wilby R.L., McKenzie Hedger M., Brown I. Climate change in the uplands: a UK perspective on safeguarding regulatory ecosystem services. Clim Res 2008, 37:77-98.
68. 2 fluxes and evaporation on a peatland in the Netherlands appear not affected by water table fluctuations. Agric For Meteorol 2008, 149:1201-1208.
69. 2 exchange from a restored peatland. Hydrol Process 2001, 15:2839-2845.
70. Pullin A.S., Knight T.M. Effectiveness in conservation practice: pointers from medicine and public health. Conserv Biol 2001, 15:50-54.
71. Pullin A.S., Knight T.M. Support for decision making in conservation practice: an evidence-based approach. J Nat Conserv 2003, 11:83-90.
72. Ratcliffe D.A., Oswald P.H. The flow country 1988, Nature Conservancy Council, Peterborough, UK.
73. Roulet N.T., Ash R., Quinton W., Moore T.R. Methane flux from drained northern peatlands: effect of a persistent water table lowering on flux. Global Biogeochem Cycles 1993, 7:749-769.
74. Roulet N.T., Lafleur P.M., Richard P.J.H., Moore T.R., Humphreys E.R., Bubier J. Contemporary carbon balance and late Holocene carbon accumulation in a northern peatland. Glob Chang Biol 2007, 13:397-411.
75. Rowson, J.G., Gibson, H.S., Worrall, F., Ostle, N., Burt, T.P., Adamson, J.K., The complete carbon budget of a drained peat catchment. Soil Use Manage in press.
76. Silvola J. Carbon dioxide dynamics in mires reclaimed for forestry in eastern Finland. Ann Bot Fenn 1986, 23:59-67.
77. Stewart A.J.A., Lance A.N. Effects of moor-draining on the hydrology and vegetation of northern Pennine blanket bog. J Appl Ecol 1991, 28:1105-1117.
78. Tallis J.H. Fire and flood at Holme Moss: erosion processes in an upland blanket mire. J Ecol 1987, 75(4):1099-1129.
79. Tan Z., Tieszen L.L., Zhu Z., Liu S., Howard S.M. An estimate of carbon emissions from 2004 wildfires across Alaskan Yukon River Basin. Carbon Balance Manag 2007, 2:12.
80. Thomas G., Yallop A.R., Thacker J., Brewer T., Sannier C. A history of burning as a management tool in the English uplands. Draft rep. to English Nature 2004, Cranfield University, Silsoe.
81. Tolonen K., Turunen J. Accumulation rates of carbon in mires in Finland and implications for climate change. Holocene 1996, 6:171-178.
82. Trinder C.J., Artz R.E., Johnson D. Contribution of plant photosynthate to soil respiration and dissolved organic carbon in a naturally recolonising cutover peatland. Soil Biol Biochem 2008, 40:1622-1628.
83. Tuittila E.S., Komulainen V.M., Vasander H., Nykanen H., Martikainen P.J., Laine J. Methane dynamics of a restored cut-away peatland. Glob Chang Biol 2000, 6:569-581.
84. 4 emissions from peatlands to warming and water table manipulation. Ecol Appl 2001, 11:311-326.
85. 4 source. Neth J Geosci 2003, 82(4):325-332.
86. Vasander H., Tuittila E.S., Lode E., Lundin L., Ilomets M., Sallantaus T., et al. Status and restoration of peatlands in northern Europe. Wetlands Ecol Manage 2003, 11:51-63.
87. Vompersky S.E., Smagina M.V., Ivanov A.I., Glukhova T.V. The effect of forest drainage on the balance of organic matter in forest mires. Peatland ecosystems and man: an impact assessment 1992, 17-22. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Dundee, UK. O.M. Bragg, P.D. Hulme, H.A.P. Ingram, R.A. Robertson (Eds.).
88. Ward S.E., Bardgett R.D., McNamara N.P., Adamson J.K., Ostle N.J. Long-term consequences of grazing and burning on northern peatland carbon dynamics. Ecosystems 2007, 10:1069-1083.
89. Worrall F., Reed M., Warburton J., Burt T.P. Carbon budget for British upland peat catchment. Sci Total Environ 2003, 312:133-146.
90. Worrall F., Burt T.P., Adamson J.K. The rate of and controls upon DOC loss in a peat catchment. J Hydrol 2006, 321:311-325.
91. Worrall F., Armstrong A., Holden J. Short term impact of peat drain blocking on water colour, dissolved organic carbon concentration and water table depth. J Hydrol 2007, 337(2-4):315-325.
92. Worrall F., Gibson H.S., Burt T.P. Modelling the impact of drainage and drain-blocking on dissolved organic carbon release from peatlands. J Hydrol 2007, 338:15-27.
93. Worrall F., Armstrong A., Adamson J.K. The effects of burning and sheep-grazing on water table depth and soil water quality in a upland peat. J Hydrol 2007, 339:1-14.
94. Worrall F., Burt T.P., Rowson J.G., Warburton J., Adamson J.K. The multi-annual carbon budget of a peat-covered catchment. Sci Total Environ 2009, 407:4084-4094.
95. Yallop A.R., Thacker J.I., Thomas G., Stephens M., Clutterbuck B., Brewer T., et al. The extent and intensity of management burning in the English uplands. J Appl Ecol 2006, 43:1138-1148.