Work and mental health: The case of older men living in underprivileged communities in Lebanon

Ageing and Society

Volumn 30, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 25-40

  Chaaya, Monique ^a   Sibai, Abla Mehio ^a   Tabbal, Nabil ^a   Chemaitelly, Hiam ^b   El Roueiheb, Zana ^a   Slim, Zeinab N ^a  

^a AMERICAN UNIVERSITY OF BEIRUT   (Lebanon)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BALAMAND   (Lebanon)

Author keywords

Depression; Eastern Mediterranean Region; Labour force participation; Work

Indexed keywords

ELDERLY POPULATION; INCOME; LABOR PARTICIPATION; LOW INCOME POPULATION; MENTAL HEALTH; PENSION SYSTEM; SOCIAL CAPITAL; SOCIAL POLICY; URBAN POPULATION; WORKING CONDITIONS;

BEIRUT; BEYROUTH; LEBANON; MEDITERRANEAN REGION;

EID: 77952428722     PISSN: 0144686X     EISSN: 14691779     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0144686X09990171     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Bisschop, M. I., Kreigsman, D. M., Deeg, D. J., Beekman, A. T. and van Tilburg, W. 2004. The longitudinal relation between chronic diseases and depression in older persons in the community: the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 57, 2, 187-194
2. Bossé, R., Aldwin, C., Levenson, M. and Ekerdt, D. 1987. Mental health differences among retirees and workers: findings from the normative aging study. Psychology and Aging, 2, 4, 383-389
3. Bossé, R., Aldwin, C., Levenson, M., Workman-Daniels, K. and Ekerdt, D. 1990. Differences in social support among retirees and workers: findings from the normative aging study. Psychology and Aging, 5, 1, 41-47
4. Bruce, M. L., Seeman, T., Merrill, S. and Blazer, D. 1994. The impact of depressive symptomatology on physical disability: MacArthur studies of successful aging. American Journal of Public Health, 84, 11, 1796-1799 (Pubitemid 24355646)
5. Chaaya, M., Sibai, A. M., Fayad, R. and Roueiheb, Z. 2007. Religiosity and elderly depression: evidence from refugee and non-refugee underprivileged urban communities. Aging and Mental Health, 11, 1, 37-44.
6. Chaaya, M., Sibai, A., Chemaitelly, H., Roueiheb, Z., Al-Amin, H., Chahine, L. and Mahfoud, Z. 2008. Validation of the Arabic short version geriatric depression scale (GDS-15). International Psychogeriatrics, 20, 3, 571-581
7. Chan, A. C. 1996. Clinical validation of the geriatric depression scale (GDS): Chinese version. Journal of Aging and Health, 8, 8, 238-253
8. Chi, I. and Chou, K. L. 2001. Social support and depression among elderly Chinese people in Hong Kong. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 52, 8, 231-252
9. Chou, K. L. and Chi, I. 2001. Financial strain and depressive symptoms in Hong Kong elderly Chinese: the moderating or mediating effect of sense of control. Aging and Mental Health, 5, 1, 23-30.
10. Cole, M. and Dendukuri, N. 2003. Risk factors for depression among elderly community subjects: a systematic review and meta-analysis. American Journal of Psychiatry, 160, 6, 1147-1156
11. Duncan, D. and Whitney, R. 1990. Work and the mental well-being of the elderly. Psychological Reports, 66, 3, 882.
12. Duval, R. 2003. The Retirement Effects of Old-age Pension and Early Retirement Schemes in OECD Countries. Economics Department Working Paper 370, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Paris. Available online at http://www.oecd.org/ dataoecd/58/47/32124786.pdf [Accessed 11 February 2009].
13. Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA) 2004. Ageing in the Arab Countries: Regional Variations, Policies and Programs. ESCWA, Beirut. Available online at http://www.escwa.org.lb/information/publications/sdd/docs/ 04-wg-1-2.pdf [Accessed 11 February 2009].
14. Fernandez-San Martin, M. I., Andrade, C., Molina, J., Munoz, P. E., Carretero, B., Rodriguez, M. and Silva, A. 2002. Validation of the Spanish version of the geriatric depression scale (GDS) in primary care. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 17, 3, 279-287
15. Fountoulakis, K. N., Tsolaki, M., Iacovides, A., Yesavage, J., O'Hara, R., Kazis, A. and Ierodiakonou, C. 1999. The validation of the short form of the geriatric depression scale (GDS) in Greece. Aging (Milan), 11, 6, 367-372
16. Gill, S., Butterworth, P., Rodgers, B., Anstey, K., Villamil, E. and Melzer, D. 2006. Mental health and the timing of men's retirement. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 41, 7, 515-522
17. Grundy, E. and Holt, G. 2001. The socioeconomic status of older adults: how should we measure it in studies of health inequalities ? Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 55, 12, 895-904.
18. Harpham, T. and Molyneux, C. 2001. Urban health in developing countries: a review. Progress in Development Studies, 1, 2, 113-137
19. Hayward, M. D., Friedman, S. and Chen, H. 1998. Career trajectories and older men's retirement. Journals of Gerontology: Social Sciences, 53, 2, S91-103.
20. Herzog, A. R., Franks, M. M., Markus, H. R. and Holmberg, D. 1998. Activities and wellbeing in older age: effects of self-concept and educational attainment. Psychology and Aging, 13, 2, 179-185
21. International Labour Office 2009. LABORSTA Internet. Bureau of Statistics, International Labour Office, Geneva. Available online at http://laborsta.ilo.org/ [Accessed 29 January 2009].
22. Kart, C. S., Longino, C. F. and Ullmann, S. G. 1989. Comparing the economically advantaged and the pension elite: 1980 census profiles. The Gerontologist, 29, 6, 745-749
23. Kawachi, I. and Berkman, L. 2001. Social ties and mental health. Journal of Urban Health: Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, 78, 3, 458-467
24. Kerschner, H. and Pegues, A. 1998. Productive aging: a quality of life agenda. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 98, 1, 1445.
25. Krause, N., Herzog, A. R. and Baker, E. 1992. Providing support to others and well-being in later life. Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences, 47, 5, P300-P311.
26. LaCroix, A. Z., Guralnik, J. M., Berkman, L. F., Wallace, R. B. and Satterfield, S. 1993. Maintaining mobility in late life: smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and body mass index. American Journal of Epidemiology, 137, 8, 858-869
27. Lebanon Ministry of Social Affairs 2006. Living Conditions of Households: The National Survey of Household Living Conditions 2004. United Nations Population Fund Lebanon, Beirut. Available online at http://www.pdslebanon.org/ population-documents/ index.php?id=6 [Accessed 12 June 2009].
28. Lee, M. S. and Crittenden, K. S. 1996. Social support and depression among elderly Korean immigrants in the United States. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 42, 4, 313-327
29. Luoh, M. C. and Herzog, A. R. 2002. Individual consequences of volunteer and paid work in old age: health and mortality. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 43, 4, 490-509.
30. Makhoul, J. 2003. Physical and social contexts of the three urban communities of Nabaa, Borjel Barajneh Palestinian camp and Hayel Sullum. Unpublished paper, Center for Research on Population and Health, American University of Beirut, Beirut.
31. Mirowsky, J. and Ross, C. E. 2001. Age and the effect of economic hardship on depression. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 42, 2, 132-150
32. Moen, P. 1996. A life course perspective on retirement, gender, and well-being. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 1, 2, 131-144
33. Mui, A. C. 1996. Depression among elderly Chinese immigrants: an exploratory study. Social Work, 41, 6, 633-645
34. Palmore, E. B., Fillenbaum, G. G. and George, L. K. 1984. Consequences of retirement. Journal of Gerontology, 39, 1, 109-116
35. Penninx, B. W., Beekman, A. T., Ormel, J., Kriegsman, D. M., Boeke, A. J., Van Eijk, J. T. and Deeg, D. J. 1996. Psychological status among elderly people with chronic diseases: does type of disease play a part? Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 40, 5, 521-534
36. Penninx, B., Leveille, S., Ferrucci, L., Eijk, J. and Guralnik, J. 1999. Exploring the effect of depression on physical disability: longitudinal evidence from the established populations for epidemiologic studies of the elderly. American Journal of Public Health, 89, 5, 1346-1352
37. Purcell, P. 2000. Older workers: employment and retirement trends. Monthly Labor Review, 123, 10, 19-30.
38. Purcell, P. 2008. Older Workers: Employment and Retirement Trends. Report RL30629, Congressional Research Service, Washington DC. Available online at http:// digitalcommons.ilr.cornell.edu/key-workplace/545/ [Accessed 11 June 2009].
39. Ross, C. E. and Drentea, P. 1998. Consequences of retirement activities for distress and the sense of personal control. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 39, 4, 317-344
40. Saab, B., Damluji, N., Lakkis, N. and Usta, J. 2003. War, peace and the relaxing pill. British Journal of General Practice, 53, 80-81
41. Schröder-Butterfill, E. 2004. Inter-generational family support provided by older people in Indonesia. Ageing & Society, 24, 4, 497-530.
42. Sheikh, R. L. and Yesavage, J. A. 1986. Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS): recent evidence and development of a shorter version. Clinical Gerontologist, 5, 1/2, 165-173
43. Sibai, A. M., Sen, K., Baydoun, M. and Saxena, P. 2004. Population ageing in Lebanon: current status, future prospects and implications for policy. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 82, 3, 219-225
44. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 2003. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, Version 11.0. SPSS Inc., Chicago. Available online at http://www.spss.com [Accessed 1 April 2009].
45. Steele, D. W. 1996. Old age in Britain: a challenge for a new century. Contemporary Review, 268, 1562, 129-133
46. Thoits, P. and Hewitt, L. 2001. Volunteer work and well-being. Journal of Health and Social Behaviour, 42, 2, 115-131