메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 4, Issue 6, 2009, Pages 1122-1144

Overview on automotive energy storage systems

Author keywords

Automotive battery; Energy storage system; Flywheel; SMES; Supercapacitor

Indexed keywords


EID: 77952311053     PISSN: 18276660     EISSN: 25332244     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (50)

References (111)
  • 3
    • 77952316393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multi-Year Program Plan 2006-2011, U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Sept
    • Freedom CAR and Vehicle Technologies Program, Multi-Year Program Plan 2006-2011, U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Sept. 2006.
    • (2006) Freedom CAR and Vehicle Technologies Program
  • 4
    • 84892051867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Freedom CAR and Vehicle Technologies Program, Annual progress report, U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Jan
    • Freedom CAR and Vehicle Technologies Program, Annual progress report: Energy Storage Research and development, U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Jan. 2009.
    • (2009) Energy Storage Research and Development
  • 5
    • 77952310404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Car Traction Batteries-the New Gold Rush 2010-2020, by P. Harrop and R. Das, IDTechEx report
    • Car Traction Batteries-the New Gold Rush 2010-2020, by P. Harrop and R. Das, IDTechEx report, 2009.
    • (2009)
  • 10
    • 0042301970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (Ed) Henk Jan Bergveld, S. Kruijt and Peter H.L. Notten Philips Research Laboratories, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, Philips Research Book Series 1 September, ISBN 1-4020-0832-5
    • Battery Management Systems: Design by Modelling (Ed) Henk Jan Bergveld, S. Kruijt and Peter H.L. Notten Philips Research Laboratories, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, Philips Research Book Series 1 September 2002 ISBN 1-4020-0832-5.
    • (2002) Battery Management Systems: Design By Modelling
  • 11
    • 72149131166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Energy storage system technology challenges facing strong hybrid, plug-in and battery electric vehicles
    • VPPC '09. IEEE, 2009, Page(s)
    • Miller, J.M.; Energy storage system technology challenges facing strong hybrid, plug-in and battery electric vehicles, Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference, 2009. VPPC '09. IEEE, 2009, Page(s): 4-10.
    • (2009) Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference , pp. 4-10
    • Miller, J.M.1
  • 15
    • 0004190494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pub Butterworth Heinemann ISBN: 0-7506-4625-X
    • T. R. Crompton, Battery Reference Book (Pub Butterworth Heinemann ISBN: 0-7506-4625-X, 2000).
    • (2000) Battery Reference Book
    • Crompton, T.R.1
  • 17
    • 0346295310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pub Marcel Decker Inc.ISBN: 0-8247-4249-4, (Ed)
    • H. A. Kiehne, Battery Technology Handbook (Pub Marcel Decker Inc.ISBN: 0-8247-4249-4, (Ed). 2003).
    • (2003) Battery Technology Handbook
    • Kiehne, H.A.1
  • 20
    • 84870305382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • http://www.uscar.org/guest/view_team.php?teams_id=11
  • 21
    • 84870304014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • http://www1.eere.energy.gov/vehiclesandfuels/resources/fcvt_key_publications.html
  • 22
    • 84870305380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • http://www.mpoweruk.com/standards.htm
  • 23
    • 0038003030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early Results from a Systems Approach to Improving the Performance and Life Time of Lead-Acid Batteries
    • M. J. Kellaway, P. Jennings, D. Stone, E. Crowe, A. Cooper, Early Results from a Systems Approach to Improving the Performance and Life Time of Lead-Acid Batteries. Journal of Power Sources, 116 (2003) 110-117 86.
    • (2003) Journal of Power Sources , vol.116 , Issue.86 , pp. 110-117
    • Kellaway, M.J.1    Jennings, P.2    Stone, D.3    Crowe, E.4    Cooper, A.5
  • 24
    • 20344364171 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel Technique to Ensure Battery Reliability in 42-V PowerNets for New-Generation Automobiles
    • L. T. Lam, N. P. Haigh, C. G. Phyland, T. D. Huynh, Novel Technique to Ensure Battery Reliability in 42-V PowerNets for New-Generation Automobiles. Journal of Power Sources, 144 (2005) 552-559.
    • (2005) Journal of Power Sources , vol.144 , pp. 552-559
    • Lam, L.T.1    Haigh, N.P.2    Phyland, C.G.3    Huynh, T.D.4
  • 25
    • 20344403776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of a High-Performance Lead-Acid Battery for a New-Generation Vehicles
    • A. Cooper, Development of a High-Performance Lead-Acid Battery for a New-Generation Vehicles. Journal of Power Sources, 144 (2005) 385-394 92.
    • (2005) Journal of Power Sources , vol.144 , Issue.92 , pp. 385-394
    • Cooper, A.1
  • 26
    • 2342636424 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of a Lead-Acid Battery for a Hybrid Electric Vehicle
    • A. Cooper, Development of a Lead-Acid Battery for a Hybrid Electric Vehicle. Journal of Power Sources, 133 (2004) 116-125 90.
    • (2004) Journal of Power Sources , vol.133 , Issue.90 , pp. 116-125
    • Cooper, A.1
  • 28
    • 0033741098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advanced design of valve-regulated lead-acid battery for hybrid electric vehicles
    • Volume, Number, May, Publisher: Elsevier
    • L. T. Lam, R. H. Newnham, H. Ozgun, F. A. Fleming, Advanced design of valve-regulated lead-acid battery for hybrid electric vehicles, Journal of Power Sources, Volume 88, Number 1, May 2000, pp. 92-97(6), Publisher: Elsevier.
    • (2000) Journal of Power Sources , vol.88 , Issue.6 , pp. 92-97
    • Lam, L.T.1    Newnham, R.H.2    Ozgun, H.3    Fleming, F.A.4
  • 29
    • 1542274627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-Rate Partial-State-of-Charge Operation of VRLA Batteries
    • P. T. Moseley, High-Rate Partial-State-of-Charge Operation of VRLA Batteries. Journal of Power Sources, 127 (2004) 27-32 88
    • (2004) Journal of Power Sources , vol.127 , Issue.88 , pp. 27-32
    • Moseley, P.T.1
  • 30
    • 0037665266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of the VRLAB with Thin Tubular Positive Plates for Improved Specific Energy and Optimization for Low Charge Factor Operation
    • I. Dyson, P. Griffin, Development of the VRLAB with Thin Tubular Positive Plates for Improved Specific Energy and Optimization for Low Charge Factor Operation. Journal of Power Sources, 116 (2003) 263-282 87
    • (2003) Journal of Power Sources , vol.116 , Issue.87 , pp. 263-282
    • Dyson, I.1    Griffin, P.2
  • 31
    • 2342531073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Failure Mode of Valve-Regulated Lead-Acid Batteries under High-Rate Partial-State-of-Charge Operation
    • L. T. Lam, N. P. Haigh, C. G. Phyland, A. J. Urban, Failure Mode of Valve-Regulated Lead-Acid Batteries under High-Rate Partial-State-of-Charge Operation. Journal of Power Sources, 133 (2004) 126-134 91
    • (2004) Journal of Power Sources , vol.133 , Issue.91 , pp. 126-134
    • Lam, L.T.1    Haigh, N.P.2    Phyland, C.G.3    Urban, A.J.4
  • 32
    • 33644751264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current Distribution over the Electrode Circuits in a Cylindrical VRLA Cell During Discharge
    • P. Krivak, P. Baca, M. Calabek, K. Micka, P. Kral, Current Distribution over the Electrode Circuits in a Cylindrical VRLA Cell During Discharge, Journal of Power Sources, 154 (2006) 518-522.
    • (2006) Journal of Power Sources , vol.154 , pp. 518-522
    • Krivak, P.1    Baca, P.2    Calabek, M.3    Micka, K.4    Kral, P.5
  • 34
    • 20344400140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bipolar batteries based on Ebonex technology
    • Volume, Issue, doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.11.048, (2005)
    • A. C. Loyns, A. Hill, K. G. Ellis, T. J. Partington, J. M. Hill Bipolar batteries based on Ebonex technology. Journal of Power Sources Volume 144, Issue 2, Pages 329-337 doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.11.048, (2005).
    • Journal of Power Sources , vol.144 , Issue.2 , pp. 329-337
    • Loyns, A.C.1    Hill, A.2    Ellis, K.G.3    Partington, T.J.4    Hill, J.M.5
  • 35
    • 84870306010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ebonex
    • Ebonex http://www.atraverda.com/Ebonex_what_is_bipolar.htm
  • 37
    • 20344373923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bipolar lead-acid battery, for hybrid vehicles
    • Jun
    • M. Saakes, R. Woortmeijer, and D. Schmal, "Bipolar lead-acid battery, for hybrid vehicles," J. Power Sources, vol. 144, no. 2, pp. 536-545,Jun. 2005.
    • (2005) J. Power Sources , vol.144 , Issue.2 , pp. 536-545
    • Saakes, M.1    Woortmeijer, R.2    Schmal, D.3
  • 40
    • 84870305365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • http://www.afdc.energy.gov/afdc/data/vehicles.html
  • 41
    • 84870305362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • http://www.bccresearch.com/report/EGY041A.html
  • 44
    • 0004311164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Costs of Lithium-Ion Batteries for Vehicles
    • Argonne National Laboratory, May
    • Linda Gaines, Roy Cuenca, Costs of Lithium-Ion Batteries for Vehicles, Center for Transportation Research, Argonne National Laboratory, May 2000.
    • (2000) Center For Transportation Research
    • Gaines, L.1    Cuenca, R.2
  • 46
    • 77952304651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Roadmap and Technical White Paper, Appendix of Supporting Information, U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, December
    • Roadmap and Technical White Paper, Appendix of Supporting Information, U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, December 2006.
    • (2006)
  • 47
    • 63749086964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DTI (Department of Trade and Industry of UK) Technology Programme Report, December
    • DTI (Department of Trade and Industry of UK) Technology Programme Report, Status of electrical energy storage systems, December 2004.
    • (2004) Status of Electrical Energy Storage Systems
  • 48
    • 37349106546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Batteries and Ultracapacitors for Electric, Hybrid, and Fuel Cell Vehicles
    • Volume, Issue, April, Page(s)
    • A. F. Burke, Batteries and Ultracapacitors for Electric, Hybrid, and Fuel Cell Vehicles, Proceedings of the IEEE, Volume 95, Issue 4, April 2007 Page(s):806-820.
    • (2007) Proceedings of The IEEE , vol.95 , pp. 806-820
    • Burke, A.F.1
  • 50
    • 0041532934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Energy storage systems for advanced power applications
    • Volume, Issue, Dec, Page(s)
    • P. F. Ribeiro, B. K. Johnson, M. L. Crow, A. Arsoy, Y. Liu, Energy storage systems for advanced power applications, Proceedings of the IEEE, Volume 89, Issue 12, Dec. 2001 Page(s): 1744-1756.
    • (2001) Proceedings of The IEEE , vol.89 , Issue.12 , pp. 1744-1756
    • Ribeiro, P.F.1    Johnson, B.K.2    Crow, M.L.3    Arsoy, A.4    Liu, Y.5
  • 52
    • 34547576461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A New Battery/Ultracapacitor Energy Storage System Design and Its Motor Drive Integration for Hybrid Electric Vehicles, Vehicular Technology
    • Volume, Issue, Part 1, July, Page(s)
    • Shuai Lu, K. A. Corzine, M. Ferdowsi, A New Battery/Ultracapacitor Energy Storage System Design and Its Motor Drive Integration for Hybrid Electric Vehicles, Vehicular Technology, IEEE Transactions on, Volume 56, Issue 4, Part 1, July 2007 Page(s):1516-1523.
    • (2007) IEEE Transactions On , vol.56 , Issue.4 , pp. 1516-1523
    • Shuai, L.1    Corzine, K.A.2    Ferdowsi, M.3
  • 53
    • 84870304013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • http://www.sandia.gov/ess/Technology/technology.html#batteries
  • 54
    • 84870306009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • http://www.furukawadenchi.co.jp/english/rd/nt_ultra.htm
  • 55
    • 84870305363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • http://www.atraverda.com/Ebonex_what_is_bipolar.htm
  • 56
    • 84870303327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • http://www.axionpower.com/profiles/investor/fullpage.asp?f=1&BzID=1933&to=cp&Nav=0&LangID=1&s=0&ID=10299
  • 57
    • 84870305361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • http://www.greencarcongress.com/2008/11/developer-of-pb.html
  • 58
    • 84870305364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • http://www.sandia.gov/about/index.html
  • 59
    • 84870303326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • http://www.cdpowercom.com/application/battery/battery.html
  • 60
    • 84870306400 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • http://www.boldertmf.com/tech.htm
  • 63
    • 77952311073 scopus 로고
    • Inventor: K.D. Beccu, Battelle-Geneva, Swiss Priority Application No. 6333/67-Bb3/CH/2-2.05
    • Elektrode zur Speicherung und Aktivierung von Wasserstoff, Inventor: K.D. Beccu, Battelle-Geneva, Swiss Priority Application No. 6333/67-Bb3/CH/2-2.05.1967.
    • (1967) Elektrode Zur Speicherung Und Aktivierung Von Wasserstoff
  • 65
    • 0032672030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advanced materials for next generation NiMH portable, HEV and EV batteries, Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine
    • Volume, Issue, Page(s)
    • Ovshinsky S.R., Dhar S.K., Fetcenko M.A., Corrigan D.A., Reichman B., Young K., Fierro C., Venkatesan, S., Gifford P., Koch J., Advanced materials for next generation NiMH portable, HEV and EV batteries, Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine, IEEE, Volume: 14, Issue: 5,1999, Page(s): 17-23
    • (1999) IEEE , vol.14 , pp. 17-23
    • Ovshinsky, S.R.1    Dhar, S.K.2    Fetcenko, M.A.3    Corrigan, D.A.4    Reichman, B.5    Young, K.6    Fierro, C.7    Venkatesan, S.8    Gifford, P.9    Koch, J.10
  • 67
    • 75749152315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advances in NiMH and Li-Ion batteries for full hybrids
    • in Proc
    • T. Miller, "Advances in NiMH and Li-Ion batteries for full hybrids," in Proc. Advanced Automotive Batteries Conf., 2006, pp. 327-396.
    • (2006) Advanced Automotive Batteries Conf , pp. 327-396
    • Miller, T.1
  • 69
    • 77952294475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cobalt-free batteries, a new frontier for advanced battery recycling, Sustainable Systems and Technology
    • ISSST '09, Page(s)
    • Kotaich, K.; Sloop, S.E.; Cobalt-free batteries, a new frontier for advanced battery recycling, Sustainable Systems and Technology, 2009. ISSST '09. IEEE International Symposium on 2009, Page(s): 1-1
    • (2009) IEEE International Symposium , pp. 1-1
    • Kotaich, K.1    Sloop, S.E.2
  • 74
    • 84870306401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • http://www.neicorporation.com/Lithium_nickel_cobal_Aluminum-nanomaterial_specification_nanomyte_BE40.html
  • 75
    • 84870305360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • http://www.sblimotive.com/en/products.html
  • 76
    • 84870306397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • http://www.kokam.com/english/product/kokam_app_02.html
  • 77
    • 84870306399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • http://www.saftbatteries.com/Produit_Large_VLFe_cell_range_301_66/Language/en-US/Default.aspx
  • 78
    • 75749132900 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultracapacitor Technologies and Application in Hybrid and Electric Vehicles
    • A. Burke, Ultracapacitor Technologies and Application in Hybrid and Electric Vehicles, International Journal of Energy Research, Volume 34 Issue 2, Pages 133-151, July 2009.
    • (2009) International Journal of Energy Research , vol.34 , Issue.2 , pp. 133-151
    • Burke, A.1
  • 80
    • 27644540429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Properties and applications of supercapacitors-from the state-of-the-art to future trends
    • A. Schneuwly, R. Gallay, Properties and applications of supercapacitors-from the state-of-the-art to future trends, Proc. PCIM (2000).
    • (2000) Proc. PCIM
    • Schneuwly, A.1    Gallay, R.2
  • 83
    • 79951595051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultracapacitor Technology: Present and Future Performance and Applications
    • Washington, D.C., July 14-16, 2004
    • A. Burke, M. Miller, N. Parker, Ultracapacitor Technology: Present and Future Performance and Applications, Advanced Capacitor World Summit 2004, Washington, D.C., July 14-16, 2004.
    • (2004) Advanced Capacitor World Summit
    • Burke, A.1    Miller, M.2    Parker, N.3
  • 89
    • 84870303325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • http://www.apowercap.com/?pg=18&lang=eng&rand=75942211
  • 90
    • 84870303324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • http://www.vina.co.kr/new_html/eng/product/info.asp?cate1=10
  • 91
    • 84870306396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • http://www.batscap.com/en/supercapacitor/conception.php
  • 92
    • 84870305358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • http://www.supercapacitors.org/
  • 93
    • 77952295024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flywheel Batteries Come Around Again Kinetic energy storage will propel applications ranging from railroad trains to space stations
    • April
    • Robert Hebner, Joseph Beno, Alan Walls, Flywheel Batteries Come Around Again Kinetic energy storage will propel applications ranging from railroad trains to space stations, IEEE Spectrum April 2002.
    • (2002) IEEE Spectrum
    • Hebner, R.1    Beno, J.2    Walls, A.3
  • 95
    • 44349146755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Control Strategy of Flywheel Battery for Electric Vehicles, Control and Automation
    • 2007. ICCA, 2007, Page(s)
    • Xiong Xin Fu, Xiaopeng Xie, The Control Strategy of Flywheel Battery for Electric Vehicles, Control and Automation, 2007. ICCA 2007. IEEE International Conference on, 2007, Page(s): 492-496.
    • (2007) IEEE International Conference On , pp. 492-496
    • Xiong, X.F.1    Xie, X.2
  • 97
    • 34548022797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Principle, design and experimental validation of a flywheelbattery hybrid source for heavy-duty electric vehicles
    • Volume, Issue, Page(s)
    • Briat, O., Vinassa, J.M., Lajnef, W., Azzopardi, S., Woirgard, E., Principle, design and experimental validation of a flywheelbattery hybrid source for heavy-duty electric vehicles, Electric Power Applications, IET, Volume: 1, Issue: 5, 2007, Page(s): 665-674.
    • (2007) Electric Power Applications, IET , vol.1 , Issue.5 , pp. 665-674
    • Briat, O.1    Vinassa, J.M.2    Lajnef, W.3    Azzopardi, S.4    Woirgard, E.5
  • 99
    • 84870306395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • http://www.beaconpower.com/products/flywheel-energystorage.asp
  • 100
    • 84870304012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • http://www.flybridsystems.com/flywheelcapacitor.html
  • 101
    • 84870303323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • http://www.vyconenergy.com/pages/about.htm
  • 103
    • 0036509811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Power applications of high-temperature superconductors: Status and perspectives
    • Volume, Issue, Page(s)
    • Malozemoff, A.P.; Maguire, J.; Gamble, B.; Kalsi, S.; Power applications of high-temperature superconductors: status and perspectives, Applied Superconductivity, IEEE Transactions on, Volume: 12, Issue: 1 2002, Page(s): 778-781
    • (2002) Applied Superconductivity, IEEE Transactions On , vol.12 , Issue.1 , pp. 778-781
    • Malozemoff, A.P.1    Maguire, J.2    Gamble, B.3    Kalsi, S.4
  • 104
    • 0041532934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Energy storage systems for advanced power applications
    • Volume, Issue, Page(s)
    • Ribeiro, P.F.; Johnson, B.K.; Crow, M.L.; Arsoy, A.; Liu, Y.; Energy storage systems for advanced power applications, Proceedings of the IEEE Volume: 89, Issue: 12 2001, Page(s): 1744-1756
    • (2001) Proceedings of The IEEE , vol.89 , Issue.12 , pp. 1744-1756
    • Ribeiro, P.F.1    Johnson, B.K.2    Crow, M.L.3    Arsoy, A.4    Liu, Y.5
  • 106
    • 84867260542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lithium Phosphate Batteries used Successfully in PHEV Applications
    • 2007, Long Beach, California, May, 14-18, 2007
    • Kohler, M. (2007). Lithium Phosphate Batteries used Successfully in PHEV Applications, Advanced Automotive Batteries Conference 2007, Long Beach, California, May, 14-18, 2007.
    • (2007) Advanced Automotive Batteries Conference
    • Kohler, M.1
  • 107
    • 42749094157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Light-Duty Vehicle Fleet, LFEE 2007-03 RP. Sloan Automotive Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
    • Kromer, M., J. Heywood, Electric Powertrains: Opportunities and Challenges in the U.S. Light-Duty Vehicle Fleet, LFEE 2007-03 RP. Sloan Automotive Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 2007.
    • (2007) Electric Powertrains: Opportunities and Challenges In the U.S
    • Kromer, M.1    Heywood, J.2
  • 108
    • 84866243668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Driving Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles: Reports from U.S
    • 2006-2007, Institute of Transportation Studies, University of California, Davis, October 16th, 2007
    • Kurani, K., R. Heffner, T. Turrentine (2007). Driving Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles: Reports from U.S. Drivers of HEVs Converted to PHEVs, 2006-2007, Institute of Transportation Studies, University of California, Davis, October 16th, 2007.
    • (2007) Drivers of HEVs Converted to PHEVs
    • Kurani, K.1    Heffner, R.2    Turrentine, T.3
  • 111
    • 84872013957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nanophosphate Lithium-Ion Technology for Transportation Applications
    • Anaheim, California, December 2-5, 2007
    • Chu, A. Nanophosphate Lithium-Ion Technology for Transportation Applications, 23rd International Electric Vehicle Symposium and Exposition (EVS-23), Anaheim, California, December 2-5, 2007.
    • International Electric Vehicle Symposium and Exposition (EVS-23)
    • Chu, A.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.