High prevalence of severe vitamin D deficiency in combined antiretroviral therapy-naive and successfully treated Swiss HIV patients

AIDS

Volumn 24, Issue 8, 2010, Pages 1127-1134

  Mueller, Nicolas J ^a   Fux, Christoph A ^b   Ledergerber, Bruno ^a   Elzi, Luigia ^c   Schmid, Patrick ^d   Dang, Thanh ^e   Magenta, Lorenzo ^f   Calmy, Alexandra ^g   Vergopoulos, Athanasios ^h   Bischoff Ferrari, Heike A ^a,i  

^a UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL ZURICH   (Switzerland)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BERN   (Switzerland)

^c UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL BASEL   (Switzerland)

^d CANTONAL HOSPITAL ST GALLEN   (Switzerland)

^e LAUSANNE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Switzerland)

^f Hospital of Lugano   (Switzerland)

^g GENEVA UNIVERSITY HOSPITALS   (Switzerland)

^h UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL ZURICH   (Switzerland)

ⁱ UNIVERSITY OF ZURICH   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D; 25 hydroxyvitamin D; Combined antiretroviral therapy; Deficiency; HIV; Seasonality; Tenofovir

Indexed keywords

25 HYDROXYVITAMIN D; ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE; ANTIRETROVIRUS AGENT; CALCITRIOL; NONNUCLEOSIDE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITOR; TENOFOVIR;

ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; ADULT; ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE BLOOD LEVEL; ARTICLE; BODY MASS; CAUCASIAN; CD4 LYMPHOCYTE COUNT; COMBINATION CHEMOTHERAPY; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; DISEASE DURATION; ETHNICITY; FEMALE; HEPATITIS C; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTED PATIENT; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; HYDROXYLATION; INTRAVENOUS DRUG ABUSE; KIDNEY FUNCTION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; SEASON; SIDE EFFECT; SWITZERLAND; VIRUS DIAGNOSIS; VITAMIN BLOOD LEVEL; VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY;

ADULT; ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY, HIGHLY ACTIVE; COMORBIDITY; FEMALE; HIV INFECTIONS; HIV-1; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; OSTEOPOROSIS; PREVALENCE; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTORS; SWITZERLAND; VITAMIN D; VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY;

EID: 77951838480     PISSN: 02699370     EISSN: 14735571     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/QAD.0b013e328337b161     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Specker BL, Ho ML, Oestreich A, Yin TA, Shui QM, Chen XC, Tsang RC. Prospective study of vitamin D supplementation and rickets in China. J Pediatr 1992; 120:733-739.
2. Smith R, Dent CE. Vitamin D requirements in adults. Clinical and metabolic studies on seven patients with nutritional osteomalacia. Bibl Nutr Dieta 1969; 13:44-45.
3. Giovannucci E, Liu Y, Willett WC. Cancer incidence and mortality and vitamin D in black and white male health professionals. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2006; 15:2467-2472. (Pubitemid 46048306)
4. Pfeifer M, Begerow B, Minne HW, Nachtigall D, Hansen C. Effects of a short-term vitamin D(3) and calcium supplementation on blood pressure and parathyroid hormone levels in elderly women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001; 86:1633-1637. (Pubitemid 32377290)
5. Holick MF. Vitamin D deficiency. NEnglJMed 2007; 357:266-281.
6. Villamor E. A potential role for vitamin D on HIV infection? Nutr Rev 2006; 64:226-233. (Pubitemid 43953286)
7. Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Dietrich T, Orav EJ, Dawson-Hughes B. Positive association between 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels and bone mineral density: a population-based study of younger and older adults. Am J Med 2004; 116:634-639. (Pubitemid 38490539)
8. Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Willett WC, Wong JB, Giovannucci E, Dietrich T, Dawson-Hughes B. Fracture prevention with vitamin D supplementation: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. JAMA 2005; 293:2257-2264. (Pubitemid 40629192)
9. Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Kiel DP, Dawson-Hughes B, Orav JE, Li R, Spiegelman D, et al. Dietary calcium and serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D status in relation to BMD among U.S. adults. J Bone Miner Res 2009; 24:935-942.
10. Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Shao A, Dawson-Hughes B, Hathcock J, Giovannucci E, Willett WC. Benefit-risk assessment of vitamin D supplementation. Osteoporos Int 2009. [Epub ahead of print] doi: 10.1007/s00198-009-1119-3.
11. Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Dawson-Hughes B, Staehelin HB, Orav JE, Stuck AE, Theiler R, et al. Fall prevention with supplemental and active forms of vitamin D: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMJ 2009; 339:b3692.
12. Bischoff-Ferrari HA. How to select the doses of vitamin D in the management of osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int 2007; 18:401-407. (Pubitemid 46354929)
13. Mondy K, Yarasheski K, Powderly WG, Whyte M, Claxton S, DeMarco D, et al. Longitudinal evolution of bone mineral density and bone markers in human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals. Clin Infect Dis 2003; 36:482-490. (Pubitemid 36241317)
14. Brown TT, Qaqish RB. Antiretroviral therapy and the prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis: a meta-analytic review. AIDS 2006; 20:2165-2174.
15. Arnsten JH, Freeman R, Howard AA, Floris-Moore M, Lo Y, Klein RS. Decreased bone mineral density and increased fracture risk in aging men with or at risk for HIV infection. AIDS 2007; 21:617-623. (Pubitemid 46303655)
16. Grund B, Peng G, Gibert CL, Hoy JF, Isaksson RL, Shlay JC, et al. Continuous antiretroviral therapy decreases bone mineral density. AIDS 2009; 23:1519-1529.
17. Gallant JE, Staszewski S, Pozniak AL, DeJesus E, Suleiman JM, Miller MD, et al. Efficacy and safety of tenofovir DF vs stavu-dine in combination therapy in antiretroviral-naive patients: a 3-year randomized trial. JAMA 2004; 292:191-201. (Pubitemid 38917996)
18. Calmy A, Fux CA, Norris R, Vallier N, Delhumeau C, Samaras K, et al. Low bone mineral density, renal dysfunction, and fracture risk in HIV infection: a cross-sectional study. J Infect Dis 2009; 200:1746-1754.
19. Cozzolino M, Vidal M, Arcidiacono MV, Tebas P, Yarasheski KE, Dusso AS. HIV-protease inhibitors impair vitamin D bioac-tivation to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. AIDS 2003; 17:513-520. (Pubitemid 36293104)
20. Rodriguez M, Daniels B, Gunawardene S, Robbins GK. High frequency of vitamin D deficiency in ambulatory HIV-positive patients. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2009; 25:9-14.
21. Van Den Bout-Van Den Beukel CJ, Fievez L, Michels M, Sweep FC, Hermus AR, Bosch ME, et al. Vitamin D deficiency among HIV type 1-infected individuals in the Netherlands: effects of antiretroviral therapy. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2008; 24:1375-1382.
22. Seminari E, Castagna A, Soldarini A, Galli L, Fusetti G, Dorigatti F, et al. Osteoprotegerin and bone turnover markers in heavily pretreated HIV-infected patients. HIV Med 2005; 6:145-150. (Pubitemid 40740329)
23. Stephensen CB, Marquis GS, Kruzich LA, Douglas SD, Aldro-vandi GM, Wilson CM. Vitamin D status in adolescents and young adults with HIV infection. Am J Clin Nutr 2006; 83:1135-1141. (Pubitemid 44713115)
24. Melamed ML, Michos ED, Post W, Astor B. 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and the risk of mortality in the general population. Arch Intern Med 2008; 168:1629-1637.
25. Burnand B, Sloutskis D, Gianoli F, Cornuz J, Rickenbach M, Paccaud F, Burckhardt P. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D: distribution and determinants in the Swiss population. Am J Clin Nutr 1992; 56:537-542.
26. Holick MF. High prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy and implications for health. Mayo Clin Proc 2006; 81:353-373. (Pubitemid 43334631)
27. Gyllensten K, Josephson F, Lidman K, Saaf M. Severe vitamin D deficiency diagnosed after introduction of antiretroviral therapy including efavirenz in a patient living at latitude 59 degrees N. AIDS 2006; 20:1906-1907. (Pubitemid 44358915)
28. Madeddu G, Spanu A, Solinas P, Calia GM, Lovigu C, Chessa F, et al. Bone mass loss and vitamin D metabolism impairment in HIV patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy. Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2004; 48:39-48. (Pubitemid 39069663)
29. Zhou C, Assem M, Tay JC, Watkins PB, BlumbergB,Schuetz EG, Thummel KE. Steroid and xenobiotic receptor and vitamin D receptor crosstalk mediates CYP24 expression and drug-induced osteomalacia. J Clin Invest 2006; 116:1703-1712. (Pubitemid 43911025)
30. Holick MF. Resurrection of vitamin D deficiency and rickets. J Clin Invest 2006; 116:2062-2072.
31. Haug CJ, Aukrust P, Haug E, Morkrid L, Muller F, Froland SS. Severe deficiency of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in human immunodeficiency virus infection: association with immuno-logical hyperactivity and only minor changes in calcium home-ostasis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1998; 83:3832-3838. (Pubitemid 28513558)
32. Haug C, Muller F, Aukrust P, Froland SS. Subnormal serum concentration of 1,25-vitamin D in human immunodeficiency virus infection: correlation with degree of immune deficiency and survival. J Infect Dis 1994; 169:889-893. (Pubitemid 24102128)
33. Antoniucci DM, Yamashita T, Portale AA. Dietary phosphorus regulates serum fibroblast growth factor-23 concentrations in healthy men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006; 91:3144-3149. (Pubitemid 44271770)
34. Perwad F, Zhang MY, Tenenhouse HS, Portale AA. Fibroblast growth factor 23 impairs phosphorus and vitamin D metabolism in vivo and suppresses 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1alpha-hydroxylase expression in vitro. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2007; 293:F1577-F1583. (Pubitemid 350085994)
35. Portale AA, Halloran BP, Morris RC Jr. Physiologic regulation of the serum concentration of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D by phosphorus in normal men. J Clin Invest 1989; 83:1494-1499.
36. Kinai E, Hanabusa H. Renal tubular toxicity associated with tenofovir assessed using urine-beta 2 microglobulin, percentage of tubular reabsorption of phosphate and alkaline phos-phatase levels. AIDS 2005; 19:2031-2033. (Pubitemid 41669029)
37. Labarga P, Barreiro P, Martin-Carbonero L, Rodriguez-Novoa S, Solera C, Medrano J, et al. Kidney tubular abnormalities in the absence of impaired glomerular function in HIV patients treated with tenofovir. AIDS 2009; 23:689-696.