Domain i of β2-glycoprotein I: Its role as an epitope and the potential to be developed as a specific target for the treatment of the antiphospholipid syndrome

Lupus

Volumn 19, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 400-405

  Ioannou, Y ^a,b   Rahman, A ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

2 glycoprotein I; Antiphospholipid syndrome; Antiphosphoplipid antibodies; Thrombosis

Indexed keywords

ANTICOAGULANT AGENT; BETA2 GLYCOPROTEIN 1; BETA2 GLYCOPROTEIN 1 ANTIBODY; EPITOPE; MUTANT PROTEIN; PHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODY; RECOMBINANT DOMAIN 1 MOLECULE; RECOMBINANT PROTEIN; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; WARFARIN;

ANTICOAGULANT THERAPY; ANTIGEN BINDING; ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME; BINDING AFFINITY; CLINICAL TRIAL; DRUG MECHANISM; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG SCREENING; DRUG TARGETING; EPITOPE MAPPING; FEMORAL VEIN; HUMAN; IMMUNOPATHOGENESIS; IN VIVO STUDY; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN DOMAIN; PROTEIN FUNCTION; REVIEW; SPONTANEOUS ABORTION; THROMBOPHILIA; THROMBOSIS; THROMBUS; VEIN INJURY; WILD TYPE; ANIMAL; DISEASE MODEL; DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM; FEMALE; IMMUNOLOGY; PREGNANCY; PROTEIN BINDING;

ANIMALS; ANTIBODIES, ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID; ANTICOAGULANTS; ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME; BETA 2-GLYCOPROTEIN I; DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL; DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS; EPITOPES; FEMALE; HUMANS; PREGNANCY; PROTEIN BINDING; THROMBOSIS;

EID: 77951215752     PISSN: 09612033     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0961203309360544     Document Type: Review

References (41)

1. Miyakis S., Lockshin MD, Atsumi T., et al. International consensus statement on an update of the classification criteria for definite antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). J Thromb Haemost 2006 ; 4: 295-306.
2. Roubey RA Antiphospholipid antibodies: immunological aspects. Clin Immunol 2004 ; 112: 127-128.
3. Rai RS, Regan L., Clifford K., et al. Antiphospholipid antibodies and beta 2-glycoprotein-I in 500 women with recurrent miscarriage: results of a comprehensive screening approach. Hum Reprod 1995 ; 10: 2001-2005.
4. Loizou S., Byron MA, Englert HJ, David J., Hughes GR, Walport MJ Association of quantitative anticardiolipin antibody levels with fetal loss and time of loss in systemic lupus erythematosus. Q J Med 1988 ; 68: 525-531.
5. Khamashta MA, Cuadrado MJ, Mujic F., Taub NA, Hunt BJ, Hughes GR The management of thrombosis in the antiphospholipid-antibody syndrome. N Engl J Med 1995 ; 332: 993-997.
6. Schulman S., Svenungsson E., Granqvist S. Anticardiolipin antibodies predict early recurrence of thromboembolism and death among patients with venous thromboembolism following anticoagulant therapy. Duration of Anticoagulation Study Group. Am J Med 1998 ; 104: 332-338. (Pubitemid 28211022)
7. Ruiz-Irastorza G., Hunt BJ, Khamashta MA A systematic review of secondary thromboprophylaxis in patients with antiphospholipid antibodies. Arthritis Rheum 2007 ; 57: 1487-1495. (Pubitemid 350308848)
8. Turiel M., Sarzi-Puttini P., Peretti R., et al. Thrombotic risk factors in primary antiphospholipid syndrome: a 5-year prospective study. Stroke 2005 ; 36: 1490-1494. (Pubitemid 40967518)
9. Pengo V., Ruffatti A., Legnani C., et al. Clinical course of high risk patients diagnosed with Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS). J Thromb Haemost 2009 ; in press.
10. Lopez-Pedrera C., Buendia P., Cuadrado MJ, et al. Antiphospholipid antibodies from patients with the antiphospholipid syndrome induce monocyte tissue factor expression through the simultaneous activation of NF-kappaB/Rel proteins via the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, and of the MEK-1/ ERK pathway. Arthritis Rheum 2006 ; 54: 301-311. (Pubitemid 43122214)
11. Shi T., Giannakopoulos B., Yan X., et al. Anti-beta2-glycoprotein I antibodies in complex with beta2-glycoprotein I can activate platelets in a dysregulated manner via glycoprotein Ib-IX-V. Arthritis Rheum 2006 ; 54: 2558-2567. (Pubitemid 44205017)
12. Pierangeli SS, Colden-Stanfield M., Liu X., Barker JH, Anderson GL, Harris EN Antiphospholipid antibodies from antiphospholipid syndrome patients activate endothelial cells in vitro and in vivo. Circulation 1999 ; 99: 1997-2002. (Pubitemid 29183897)
13. Pierangeli SS, Espinola RG, Liu X., Harris EN Thrombogenic effects of antiphospholipid antibodies are mediated by intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule- 1, and P-selectin. Circ Res 2001 ; 88: 245-250.
14. Jankowski M., Vreys I., Wittevrongel C., et al. Thrombogenicity of beta 2-glycoprotein I-dependent antiphospholipid antibodies in a photochemically induced thrombosis model in the hamster. Blood 2003 ; 101: 157-162. (Pubitemid 36025902)
15. Girardi G., Redecha P., Salmon JE Heparin prevents antiphospholipid antibody-induced fetal loss by inhibiting complement activation. Nat Med 2004 ; 10: 1222-1226. (Pubitemid 39540439)
16. Ioannou Y., Romay-Penabad Z., Pericleous C., et al. In vivo inhibition of antiphospholipid antibody-induced pathogenicity utilizing the antigenic target peptide domain I of beta2-glycoprotein I: proof of concept. J Thromb Haemost 2009 ; 7: 833-842.
17. Tektonidou MG, Laskari K., Panagiotakos DB, Moutsopoulos HM Risk factors for thrombosis and primary thrombosis prevention in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus with or without antiphospholipid antibodies. Arthritis Rheum 2009 ; 61: 29-36.
18. Urbanus RT, Siegerink B., Roest M., Rosendaal FR, de Groot PG, Algra A. Antiphospholipid antibodies and risk of myocardial infarction and ischaemic stroke in young women in the RATIO study: a case-control study. Lancet Neurol 2009 ; 8: 998-1005.
19. McNeil HP, Simpson RJ, Chesterman CN, Krilis SA Antiphospholipid antibodies are directed against a complex antigen that includes a lipid-binding inhibitor of coagulation: beta 2- glycoprotein I (apolipoprotein H). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1990 ; 87: 4120-4124. (Pubitemid 20217993)
20. Galli M., Comfurius P., Maassen C., et al. Anticardiolipin antibodies (ACA) directed not to cardiolipin but to a plasma protein cofactor. Lancet 1990 ; 335: 1544-1547. (Pubitemid 20189625)
21. Matsuura E., Igarashi Y., Fujimoto M., Ichikawa K., Koike T. Anticardiolipin cofactor(s) and differential diagnosis of autoimmune disease. Lancet 1990 ; 336: 177-178. (Pubitemid 20225005)
22. de Laat HB, Derksen RH, Urbanus RT, Roest M., de Groot PG beta2-glycoprotein I-dependent lupus anticoagulant highly correlates with thrombosis in the antiphospholipid syndrome. Blood 2004 ; 104: 3598-3602. (Pubitemid 39564433)
23. Zhang J., McCrae KR Annexin A2 mediates endothelial cell activation by antiphospholipid/anti-beta2 glycoprotein I antibodies. Blood 2005 ; 105: 1964-1969. (Pubitemid 40731779)
24. Raschi E., Testoni C., Bosisio D., et al. Role of the MyD88 transduction signaling pathway in endothelial activation by antiphospholipid antibodies. Blood 2003 ; 101: 3495-3500. (Pubitemid 36857933)
25. van Lummel M., Pennings MT, Derksen RH, et al. The binding site in {beta}2-glycoprotein I for ApoER2 on platelets is located in domain V. J Biol Chem 2005 ; 280: 36729-36736.
26. Reddel SW, Wang YX, Sheng YH, Krilis SA Epitope studies with anti-beta 2-glycoprotein I antibodies from autoantibody and immunized sources. J Autoimmun 2000 ; 15: 91-96.
27. Iverson GM, Victoria EJ, Marquis DM Anti-beta2 glycoprotein I (beta2GPI) autoantibodies recognize an epitope on the first domain of beta2GPI. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1998 ; 95: 15542-15546.
28. Ioannou Y., Giles I., Lambrianides A., et al. A novel expression system of domain I of human beta2 glycoprotein I in Escherichia Coli. BMC Biotechnol 2006 ; 6: 8.
29. Ioannou Y., Pericleous C., Giles I., Latchman DS, Isenberg DA, Rahman A. Binding of antiphospholipid antibodies to discontinuous epitopes on domain I of human beta(2)-glycoprotein I: Mutation studies including residues R39 to R43. Arthritis Rheum 2007 ; 56: 280-290. (Pubitemid 46106202)
30. Giles IP, Isenberg DA, Latchman DS, Rahman A. How do antiphospholipid antibodies bind beta2-glycoprotein I? Arthritis Rheum 2003 ; 48: 2111-2121. (Pubitemid 36959190)
31. George J., Gilburd B., Hojnik M., et al. Target recognition of beta2-glycoprotein I (beta2GPI)-dependent anticardiolipin antibodies: evidence for involvement of the fourth domain of beta2GPI in antibody binding. J Immunol 1998 ; 160: 3917-3923.
32. Martinez-Martinez LA, Aguilar-Valenzuela R., Seif AM, et al. Do clinically relevant IgA-anti-B2 glycoprotein I (anti-B2GPI) antibodies bind to domain IV/V of B2GPI? Arthritis Rheum 2009 ; 60: Abstract 1274.
33. de Laat B., Derksen RH, Urbanus RT, de Groot PG IgG antibodies that recognize epitope Gly40-Arg43 in domain I of beta 2-glycoprotein I cause LAC, and their presence correlates strongly with thrombosis. Blood 2005 ; 105: 1540-1545. (Pubitemid 40223671)
34. Shoenfeld Y., Krause I., Kvapil F., et al. Prevalence and clinical correlations of antibodies against six beta2-glycoprotein-I-related peptides in the antiphospholipid syndrome. J Clin Immunol 2003 ; 23: 377-383. (Pubitemid 37083192)
35. Pierangeli SS, Blank M., Liu X., et al. A peptide that shares similarity with bacterial antigens reverses thrombogenic properties of antiphospholipid antibodies in vivo. J Autoimmun 2004 ; 22: 217-225. (Pubitemid 38372192)
36. Vlachoyiannopoulos PG, Mavragani CP, Bourazopoulou E., Balitsari AV, Routsias JG Anti-CD40 antibodies in antiphosphsheolipid syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus. Thromb Haemost 2004 ; 92: 1303-1311. (Pubitemid 39642541)
37. de Laat B., Derksen RH, van Lummel M., Pennings MT, de Groot PG Pathogenic anti-{beta}2-glycoprotein I antibodies recognize domain I of {beta}2-glycoprotein I only after a conformational change. Blood 2006 ; 107: 1916-1924. (Pubitemid 43289372)
38. Igarashi M., Matsuura E., Igarashi Y., et al. Human beta2-glycoprotein I as an anticardiolipin cofactor determined using mutants expressed by a baculovirus system. Blood 1996 ; 87: 3262-3270. (Pubitemid 26115356)
39. Pierangeli SS, Barker JH, Stikovac D., et al. Effect of human IgG antiphospholipid antibodies on an in vivo thrombosis model in mice. Thromb Haemost 1994 ; 71: 670-674. (Pubitemid 2108697)
40. van OS GMA, Meijers JCM, Urbanus RT, Derksen Rhwm, de Groot GP A rapid assay to distinguish between beta2-glycoprotein I dependent and prothrombin dependent lupus anticoagulant. J Thromb Haemost 2009 ; 7 (Suppl 2). Abstract 030.
41. Horizon A., Weisman MH, Wallace DJ, et al. Results of a randomised, placebo controlled, double-blind phase 1/2 clinical trial (RCT) to assess the safety and tolerability of LJP 1082 in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome. Arthritis Rheum 2003 ; 48 (9 Suppl). S364.