Fe-S mineralization in the Jurassic biogenic remains (Czestochowa, Poland)

Chemie der Erde

Volumn 70, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 77-87

  Szczepanik, Patrycja ^a   Sawlowicz, Zbigniew ^a  

^a JAGIELLONIAN UNIVERSITY   (Poland)

Author keywords

Biogenic remains; Greigite; Iron monosulphides; Jurassic; Pyrite

Indexed keywords

BIOGENIC MATERIAL; BIOMINERALIZATION; CHEMICAL COMPOSITION; DIAGENESIS; GREIGITE; IRON; JURASSIC; MACKINAWITE; MUDSTONE; ORGANIC MATTER; PYRITE; SKELETAL REMAINS; SULFUR;

CZESTOCHOWA [POLAND]; POLAND;

EID: 77950946915     PISSN: 00092819     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemer.2009.10.003     Document Type: Article

References (86)

1. Allison P.A. The role of anoxia in the decay and mineralization of proteinaceous macro-fossils. Paleobiology 1988, 14:139-154.
2. Ariztegui D., Dobson J. Magnetic investigations of framboidal greigite formation: a record of anthropogenic environmental changes in eutrophic Lake St. Moritz, Switzerland. Holocene 1996, 6:235-241.
3. Bak M., Sawłowicz Z. Pyritized radiolarians from the mid-Cretaceous deposits of the Pieniny Klippen Belt-a model of pyritization in an anoxic environment. Geol. Carpathica 2000, 51(2):91-99.
4. Benning L.G., Wilkin R.T., Barnes H.L. Reaction pathways in the Fe-S system below 100°C. Chem. Geol. 2000, 167:25-51.
5. Berner R.A. Iron sulfides formed from aqueous solution at low temperatures and atmospheric pressure. J. Geol. 1964, 72:293-306.
6. Berner R.A. Thermodynamic stability of sedimentary iron sulphides. Am. J. Sci. 1967, 265:773-785.
7. Berner R.A. Sedimentary pyrite formation. Am. J. Sci. 1970, 268:1-23.
8. Berner R.A. Early Diagenesis: A Theoretical approach 1980, Princeton Univ. Press, pp 1-241.
9. Berner R.A. Sedimentary pyrite formation: an update. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1984, 48:605-615.
10. Berner R.A., Baldwin T., Holdren G.R. Authigenic iron sulfides as paleosalinity indicators. J. Sediment. Petrol. 1979, 49(4):1345-1350.
11. Beveridge T.J., Fyfe W.S. Metal fixation by bacterial cell walls. Can. J. Earth Sci. 1985, 22:1893-1898.
12. Boesen C., Postma D. Pyrite formation in anoxic environments of the Baltic Sea. Am. J. Sci. 1988, 288:575-603.
13. Bonev I.K., KhG Khrischev, Neikov H.N., Georgiev Y.M. Mackinawite and greigite in iron sulphide concretions from Black Sea sediments. C. R. Acad. Bulg. Sci. 1989, 42(2):97-100.
14. Briggs D.E.G., Raiswell R., Bottrell S.H., Hatwield D., Bartela C. Controls on the pyritization of exeptionally preserved fossils: an analysis of the Lower Devonian Hunstruck slate of Germany. Am. J. Sci. 1996, 296:633-663.
15. Butler I.B., Rickard D.T. (1999) Framboidal pyrite formation by the oxidation of iron(II) monosulfide by hydrogen sulfide. In: Ninth Annual VM Goldschmidt Conference, LPI Contribution No. 971, Houston p. 44.
16. Butler I.B., Rickard D. Framboidal pyrite formation via the oxidation of iron (II) monosulfide by hydrogen sulfide. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2000, 64:2665-2672.
17. Butler I.B., Rickard D.T., Grimes S. Framboidal pyrite: self organisation in the Fe-S system. J. Conf. Abstr. 2000, 5:276-277.
18. Canfield D.E. Reactive iron in marine sediments. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1989, 51:645-659.
19. Canfield D.E., Berner R.A. Dissolution and pyritization of magnetite in anoxic marine sediments. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1987, 51:645-659.
20. Canfield D.E., Raiswell R. (1991) Pyrite formation and fossil preservation, Taphonomy: releasing the data locked in the fossil Rekord. In: P.A. Allison. D.E.G Briggs (Eds.), Topics Geobiol. 9, 337-387.
21. Canfield D.E., Raiswell R., Bottrell S. The reactivity of sedimentary iron minerals toward sulfide. Am. J. Sci. 1992, 292:659-683.
22. Drobner E.H., Huber G., Wächtershäuser R.D., Stetter K.O. Pyrite formation linked with hydrogen evolution under anaerobic conditions. Nature 1990, 346:742-744.
23. Frankel R.B., Bazylinski D.A., Schüler D. Biomineralization of magnetic iron minerals in bacteria. Supramol. Sci. 1998, 5(3-4):383-390.
24. Gedl P., Boczarowski A., Dudek T., Kaim A., Kedzierski M., Leonowicz P., Smoleń J., Szczepanik P., Witkowska M., Ziaja J. (2006) Stops B1.5-B1.7: lithology, fossil assemblages and palaeoenvironment. In: Wierzbowski, A., Aubrecht, R., Golonka, J., Gutowski, J., Krobicki, M., Matyja, B.A., Pieńkowski, G., Uchman, A. (eds), Field Trip Guidebook of Seventh International Congress on the Jurassic System, September 6-18, 2006, Kraków, Poland, pp. 151-156.
25. Grimes S.T., Rickard D., Edwards D., Oldroyd A., Axe L., Davies K.(1999) Experimental pyritization of plant cells. In: Ninth Annual VM Goldschmidt Conference, LPI Control No. 971 Houston, p.107.
26. Grimes S., Brock F., Rickard D., Davies K.L., Edwards D., Briggs D.E.G., Parkes R.J. Understanding fossilization: experimental pyritization of plants. Geology 2001, 29:123-126.
27. Howarth R.W. Pyrite: its rapid formation in a salt marsh and its importance to ecosystem metabolism. Science 1979, 203:49-51.
28. Hudson J.F. Pyrite in ammonite-bearing shales from the Jurassic of England and Germany. Sedimentology 1982, 29:639-667.
29. Jiang W.T., Horng C.S., Roberts A.P., Peacor D.R. Contradictory magnetic polarities in sediments and variable timing of neoformation of authigenic greigite. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2001, 193:1-12.
30. Jørgensen B.B. Bacterial sulfate reduction within reduced microniches of oxidized marine sediments. Mar. Biol. 1977, 41:7-17.
31. Jørgensen B.B., Zawacki L.X., Jannasch H.W. Thermophilic bacterial sulfate reduction in deep-sea sediments at the Guaymas Basin hydrothermal vent site (Gulf of California). Deep-Sea Res. 1990, 37:695-710.
32. Kasten S., Freudenthal T., Gingele F.X., Schulz H.D. Simultaneous formation of iron-rich layers at different redox boundaries in sediments of the Amazon deep-sea fan. Geochim. Cosmochim Acta 1998, 62:2253-2264.
33. Kao S.J., Horng C.S., Roberts A.P., Liu K.K. Carbon-sulfur-iron relationships in sedimentary rocks from southwestern Taiwan: influence of geochemical environment on greigite and pyrrhotite formation. Chem. Geol. 2004, 203:153-168.
34. Kopik J. Jura dolna i środkowa północno-wschodniego obrzeżenia Górnośla{ogonek}skiego Zagłe{ogonek}bia We{ogonek}glowego. Biul PIG 1998, 378:67-129. in Polish.
35. Krumbein W.C., Garrels R.M. Origin and classification of chemical sediments in terms of pH and oxidation-reduction potentials. J. Geol. 1952, 60:1-33.
36. Krupp R.E. Phase relations and phase transformations between low temperature iron sulphides mackinawite, greigite and smythite. Eur. J. Miner. 1994, 6:389-396.
37. Lennie A.R., Vaughan D.J. Spectroscopic studies of iron sulfide formation and phase relations at low temperatures. Miner. Spectrosc: Tribute RG Burns 1996, 5:117-131.
38. Liu J., Zhu R.X., Roberts A.P., Li S.Q., Chang J.H. High resolution analysis of early diagenetic effects on magnetic minerals in post-Middle-Holocene continental shelf sediments from the Korea Strait. J. Geophys. Res. 2004, 109:B03103. 10.1029/2003JB002813.
39. Lord C.J., Church T.M. The geochemistry of salt marshes: sedimentary ion diffusion, sulfate reduction, and pyritization. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1983, 47:1381-1391.
40. Luther G.W. Pyrite synthesis via polysulfide compounds. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1991, 55:2839-2849.
41. Lyons T.W. Sulfur isotopic trends and pathways of iron sulfide formation in upper Holocene sediments of the anoxic Black Sea. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1997, 61:3367-3382.
42. Majewski W. Middle Jurassic concretions from Cze{ogonek}stochowa (Poland) as indicators of sedimentation rates. Acta Geol. Pol. 2000, 50(4):431-439.
43. Matyja B.A., Wierzbowski A. Ammonites and stratigraphy of the uppermost Bajocian and Lower Bathonian between Cze{ogonek}stochowa and Wieluń, Central Poland. Acta Geol. Pol. 2000, 50(2):191-209.
44. Matyja B.A., Wierzbowski A. Biostratygrafia amonitowa formacji cze{ogonek}stochowskich iłów rudonośnych (najwyższy bajos-górny baton) z odsłonie{ogonek}ć w Cze{ogonek}stochowie. Tomy Jurajskie 2003, 1:3-6. in Polish.
45. Morse J.W., Millero F.J., Cornwell J.C., Rickard D. The chemistry of the hydrogen sulphide and iron sulphide systems in natural waters. Earth Sci. Rev. 1987, 24:1-42.
46. Neilands J.B. Siderophores of bacteria and fungi. Microbiol. Sci. 1984, 1:9-14.
47. Neretin L.N., Böttcher M.E., Jørgensen B.B., Volkov I.I., Lüschen H., Hilgenfeldt K. Pyritization processes and greigite formation in the advancing sulphidation front in the upper Pleistocene sediments of the Black Sea. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2004, 68:2081-2093.
48. Nuhfer E.B., Pavlovic A.S. Association of kaolinite with pyritic framboids. J. Sediment. Petrol. 1979, 49:321-323.
49. Ohfuji H., Rickard D.T. Experimental syntheses of framboids-a review. Earth Sci. Rev. 2005, 71(3-4):147-170.
50. Passier H.F., Middelburg J.J., De Lange G.J., Boettcher M.E. Modes of sapropel formation in the eastern Mediterranean: some constraints based on pyrite properties. Mar. Geol. 1999, 153:199-219.
51. Posfai M., Buseck R., Dennis P., Bazylinski A., Frankel R. Iron sulphides from magnetotactic bacteria: structure, composition, and phase transitions. Am. Miner. 1998, 83:1469-1481.
52. Posfai M., Buseck P.R., Bazylinski D.A., Frankel R.B. Reaction sequence of iron sulfide minerals in bacteria and their use as biomarkers. Science 1998, 280:880-883.
53. Raiswell R., Whaler K., Dean S., Coleman M.L., Briggs D.E.G. A simple three-dimentional model of diffusion-with-precipitation applied to localised pyrite formation in framboids, fossils and detrital iron minerals. Mar. Geol. 1993, 113:87-100.
54. Raiswell R. A geochemical framework for the application of stable sulfur isotopes to fossil pyritization. J. Geol. Soc. London 1997, 154:343-356.
55. Ratajczak T. Dumps of iron ore wastes in Cze{ogonek}stochowa region. Inst. Gosp. Sur. Min. Ener PAN Kraków 1998, in Polish.
56. Reynolds R.L., Tuttle M.L., Rice C.A., Fishman N.S., Karachewski J.A., Sherman D.M. Magnetization and geochemistry of greigite-bearing Cretaceous strata, North Slope Basin, Alaska. Am. J. Sci. 1994, 294:485-528.
57. Rickard D.T. The microbiological formation of iron sulphides. Stockholm Contrib. Geol. 1969, 20:50-66.
58. Rickard D.T. Kinetics and mechanisms of pyrite formation at low temperatures. Am. J. Sci. 1975, 275:636-652.
59. 2S oxidation of iron (II) monosulfide in aqueous solutions between 25 and 125°C: the mechanism. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1997, 61:135-147.
60. Rickard D., Butler I.B., Oldroyd A. A novel iron sulphide mineral switch and its implications for Earth and planetary science. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2001, 189:85-91.
61. Roberts A.P., Turner G.M. Diagenetic formation of ferrimagneticiron sulfide minerals in rapidly deposited marine sediments, South Island, New Zealand. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 1993, 115:257-273.
62. 4). Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2005, 231:263-277.
63. Różycki S. Górny dogger i malm Jury Krakowsko-Cze{ogonek}stochowskiej. Pr. Inst. Geol. 1953, 17:1-412. in Polish.
64. Sagnotti L., Winkler A. Rock magnetism and palaeomagnetism of greigite-bearing mudstones in the Italian peninsula. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 1999, 165:67-80.
65. Sagnotti L., Roberts A.P., Weaver R., Verosub K.L., Florindo F., Pike C.R., Clayton T., Wilson G.S. Apparent magnetic polarity reversals due to remagnetization resulting from late diagenetic growth of greigite from siderite. Geophys. J. Int. 2005, 100:89-100.
66. Sawłowicz Z. Pyrite framboids and their development: a new conceptual mechanism. Geol. Rundsch. 1993, 82:148-156.
67. Sawłowicz Z. Framboids-from their origin to application. Miner. Trans. 2000, 88:1-80.
68. Schoonen M.A.A., Barnes H.L. Reactions forming pyrite and marcasite from solution: I. Nucleation of FeS, below 100 C. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1991, 55:1495-1504.
69. Schoonen M.A.A., Barnes H.L. Reactions forming pyrite and marcasite from solution: II. Via FeS precursors below 100°C. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1991, 55:1505-1514.
70. Skinner R.B.J., Erd R.C., Grimaldi F.S. Greigite, the thiospinel of iron; a new mineral. Am. Miner. 1964, 49:543-555.
71. Suzuki Y., Kopp R.E., Kogure T., Suga A., Takai K., Tsuchida S., Ozaki N., Endo K., Hashimoto J., Kato Y., Mizota C., Hirata T., Chiba H., Nealson K.H., Horikoshi K., Kirschvink J.L. Sclerite formation in the hydrothermal-vent "scaly-foot" gastropod-possible control of iron sulfide biomineralization by the animal. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2006, 242:39-50.
72. Sweeney R.E., Kaplan I.R. Pyrite framboid formation: laboratory synthesis and marine sediments. Econ. Geol. 1973, 68:618-634.
73. Szczepanik P. Pirytyzacja szcza{ogonek}tków organicznych w środkowojurajskich osadach wyrobiska cegielni "Ogrodzieniec". Tomy Jurajskie 2003, 1:117-118. in Polish.
74. Szczepanik P. (2004) Pirytyzacja mikroskamieniałości w środkowojurajskich iłach Gnaszyna (Cze{ogonek}stochowa, Polska). Zbornik Abstraktow 5. česko-slovenskú a poľskú paleontologickú konferenciu, Bratysława, 101-102 (in Polish).
75. Szczepanik P. Morphology of pyrite associated with microfossils from Middle Jurassic of Gnaszyn (Cze{ogonek}stochowa region, Poland). Pol. Tow. Miner. Spec. Pap. 2005, 25:229-232.
76. Szczepanik P. (2007) Pyritization of the biogenic remains in the Middle Jurassic dark sediments of the Kraków-Cze{ogonek}stochowa Upland. Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, Jagiellonian University, Kraków (in Polish), p. 298.
77. Szczepanik P., Sawłowicz Z. Pyritization of microfossils: crinoid remains from the Middle Jurassic of Ogrodzieniec (Kraków-Cze{ogonek}stochowa Upland, Poland). Methods and Applications in Micropalaeontology 2005, 124:37-52. Studia Geol. Pol.
78. Szczepanik P., Witkowska M., Sawlowicz Z. Geochemistry of the Middle Jurassic mudstones (Kraków-Cze{ogonek}stochowa area, southern Poland): interpretation of the depositional redox conditions. Geol. Q. 2007, 51(1):57-66.
79. Taylor P., Rummery T.E., Owen D.G. On the conversion of mackinawite to greigite. J. Inorg. Nuc. Chem. 1979, 41:595-596.
80. Vaughan D.J., Craig J.R. Mineral chemistry of metal sulphides 1978, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
81. Williams M.A., Cusack M. Lingulid shell mediation in clay formation. Lethaia 1997, 29:349-360.
82. Wilkin R.T., Barnes H.L. Pyrite formation by reactions of iron monosulphides with dissolved inorganic and organic sulfur species. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1996, 60:4167-4179.
83. Wilkin R.T., Barnes H.L. Formation processes of framboidal pyrite. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1997, 61:323-339.
84. Wilkin R.T., Barnes H.L. Pyrite formation in an anoxic estuarine basin. Am. J. Sci. 1997, 297:620-650.
85. Wilkin R.T., Barnes H.L., Brantley S.L. The size distribution of framboidal pyrite in modern sediments: an indicator of redox conditions. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1996, 60:3897-3912.
86. Zatoń M., Marynowski L. Konzentrat-Lagerstätte-type carbonate concretions from the uppermost Bajocian (Middle Jurassic) of the Cze{ogonek}stochowa area, South-Cental Poland. Geol. Q. 2004, 48(4):339-350.