Thermal infrared (vibrational) spectroscopy of Mg-Fe olivines: A review and applications to determining the composition of planetary surfaces

Chemie der Erde

Volumn 70, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 7-33

  Hamilton, Victoria E ^a  

^a SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

Olivine; Remote sensing; Spectroscopy; Thermal infrared

Indexed keywords

ACCURACY ASSESSMENT; ASTEROID; EMISSIVITY; IRON; LEAST SQUARES METHOD; MAGNESIUM; MARS; MARTIAN METEORITE; MERCURY (PLANET); MOON; OLIVINE; PLANETARY SURFACE; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; SPECTRAL ANALYSIS; SPECTROSCOPY; THERMAL INFRARED MULTISPECTRAL SCANNER; VIBRATION;

EID: 77950867844     PISSN: 00092819     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemer.2009.12.005     Document Type: Article

References (153)

1. Bandfield J.L. Global mineral distributions on Mars. J. Geophys. Res. 2002, 107. 10.1029/2001JE001510.
2. Bandfield J.L., Hamilton V.E., Christensen P.R. A global view of Martian surface compositions from MGS-TES. Science 2000, 287:1626-1630.
3. Barucci M.A., Fornasier S., Dotto E., Lamy P.L., Jorda L., Groussin O., Brucato J.R., Carvano J., Alvarez-Candal A., Cruikshank D., Fulchignoni M. Asteroids 2867 Steins and 21 Lutetia: surface composition from far infrared observations with the Spitzer Space Telescope. Astron. Astrophys. 2008, 477:665-670.
4. Barucci M.A., Dotto E., Brucato J.R., Müller T.G., Morris P., Doressoundiram A., Fulchignoni M., De Sanctis M.C., Owen T., Crovisier J., Le Bras A., Colangeli L., Mennella V. 10 Hygiea: ISO infrared observations. Icarus 2002, 156:202-210.
5. Berkley, J.L., Keil, K., and Prinz, M., 1980. Comparative petrology and origin of Governador Valadares and other nakhlites. Proceedings of the 11th Lunar Planetary Science Conference, pp. 1089-1102.
6. Bowey J.E., Lee C., Tucker C., Hofmeister A.M., Ade P.A.R., Barlow M.J. Temperature effects on the 15-85μm spectra of olivines and pyroxenes. Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 2001, 325:886-896.
7. Bradley J.P. Interplanetary dust particles. Treatise on Geochemistry 2004, 1. Elsevier, Oxford. H.D. Holland, K.K. Turekian (Eds.).
8. Burns R.G., Huggins F.E. Cation determinative curves for Mg-Fe-Mn olivines from vibrational spectra. Am. Miner. 1972, 57:967-985.
9. Carvano J.M., Migliorini A., Barucci A., Segura M., the CIRS Team Constraining the surface properties of Saturn's icy moons, using Cassini/CIRS emissivity spectra. Icarus 2007, 187:574-583.
10. Chase S.C., Miner E.D., Morrison D., Munch G., Neugebauer G. Mariner 10 infrared radiometer results: temperatures and thermal properties of the surface of Mercury. Icarus 1976, 28:565-578.
11. Chihara H., Koike C., Tsuchiyama A. Low-temperature optical properties of silicate particles in the far-infrared region. Publ. Astron. Soc. Jpn. 2001, 53:243-250.
12. Christensen P.R. Martian dust mantling and surface composition: interpretation of thermophysical properties. J. Geophys. Res. 1982, 87:9985-9998.
13. Christensen P.R., Moore H.J. The martian surface layer. Mars 1992, 686-729. University of Arizona Press, Tucson, AZ. H.H. Kieffer, B.M. Jakosky, C.W. Snyder, M.S. Matthews (Eds.).
14. Christensen P.R., Bandfield J.L., Smith M.D., Hamilton V.E., Clark R.N. Identification of a basaltic component on the Martian surface from Thermal Emission Spectrometer data. J. Geophys. Res. 2000, 105:9609-9621.
15. Christensen P.R., Bandfield J.L., Hamilton V.E., Howard D.A., Lane M.D., Piatek J.L., Ruff S.W., Stefanov W.L. A Thermal Emission Spectral library of rock-forming minerals. J. Geophys. Res. 2000, 105:9735-9739.
16. Christensen P.R., Bandfield J.L., Clark R.N., Edgett K.S., Hamilton V.E., Hoefen T., Kieffer H.H., Kuzmin R.O., Lane M.D., Malin M.C., Morris R.V., Pearl J.C., Pearson R., Roush T.L., Ruff S.W., Smith M.D. Detection of crystalline hematite mineralization on Mars by the Thermal Emission Spectrometer: evidence for near-surface water. J. Geophys. Res. 2000, 105:9623-9642.
17. Christensen P.R., Bandfield J.L., Hamilton V.E., Ruff S.W., Kieffer H.H., Titus T.N., Malin M.C., Morris R.V., Lane M.D., Clark R.N., Jakosky B.M., Mellon M.T., Pearl J.C., Conrath B.J., Smith M.D., Clancy R.T., Kuzmin R.O., Roush T.L., Mehall G.L., Gorelick N., Bender K., Murray K., Dason S., Greene E., Silverman S., Greenfield M. Mars Global Surveyor Thermal Emission Spectrometer experiment: investigation description and surface science results. J. Geophys. Res. 2001, 106:23,823-23,871.
18. Christensen P.R., Wyatt M.B., Glotch T.D., Rogers A.D., Anwar S., Arvidson R.E., Bandfield J.L., Blaney D.L., Budney C., Calvin W.M., Fallacaro A., Fergason R.L., Gorelick N., Graff T.G., Hamilton V.E., Hayes A.G., Johnson J.R., Knudson A.T., McSween H.Y., Mehall G.L., Mehall L.K., Moersch J.E., Morris R.V., Smith M.D., Squyres S.W., Ruff S.W., Wolff M.J. Mineralogy at Meridiani Planum from the Mini-TES experiment on the Opportunity rover. Science 2004, 306:1733-1739.
19. Christensen P.R., Ruff S.W., Fergason R.L., Knudson A.T., Anwar S., Arvidson R.E., Bandfield J.L., Blaney D.L., Budney C., Calvin W.M., Glotch T.D., Golombek M.P., Gorelick N., Graff T.G., Hamilton V.E., Hayes A., Johnson J.R., McSween H.Y., Mehall G.L., Mehall L.K., Moersch J.E., Morris R.V., Rogers A.D., Smith M.D., Squyres S.W., Wolff M.J., Wyatt M.B. Initial results from the Mini-TES experiment in Gusev crater from the Spirit rover. Science 2004, 305:837-842.
20. Clark, R.N., Swayze, G.A., Wise, R.A., Livo, K.E., Hoefen, T.M., Kokaly, R.F., and Sutley, S.J., 2007. USGS digital spectral library splib06a. US Geological Survey, Digital Data Series 231, http://speclab.cr.usgs.gov/spectral.lib06.
21. Cohen M., Witteborn F.C., Roush T., Bregman J., Wooden D. Spectral irradiance calibration in the infrared. VIII. 5-14 micron spectroscopy of the asteroids Ceres, Vesta, and Pallas. Astronom. J. 1998, 115:1671-1679.
22. Conel J.E. Infrared emissivities of silicates: experimental results and a cloudy atmosphere model of spectral emission from condensed particulate mediums. J. Geophys. Res. 1969, 74:1614-1634.
23. Day K.L. Temperature dependence of mid-infrared silicate absorption. Ap. J. 1976, 203:L99-L101.
24. Deer W.A., Howie R.A., Zussman J. An Introduction to the Rock-Forming Minerals 1992, Longman, Essex.
25. 3 (forsterite). J. Chem. Phys. 1975, 62:3406-3411.
26. Donahue T.M., Russell C.T. The Venus atmosphere and ionosphere and their interaction with the solar wind: an overview. Venus II: Geology, Geophysics, Atmosphere, and Solar Wind Environment 1997, 3-31. University of Arizona Press, Tucson. S.W. Bougher, D.M. Hunten, R.J. Phillips (Eds.).
27. Dotto E., Barucci M.A., Brucato J.R., Müller T.G., Carvano J. 308 Polyxo: ISO-SWS spectrum up to 26 micron. Astron. Astrophys. 2004, 427:1081-1084.
28. Dotto E., Barucci M.A., Müller T.G., Brucato J.R., Fulchignoni M., Mennella V., Colangeli L. ISO observations of low and moderate albedo asteroids. Astron. Astrophys. 2002, 393:1065-1072.
29. Dotto E., Mueller T.G., Barucci M.A., Encrenaz T., Knacke R.F., Lellouch E., Doressoundiram A., Crovisier J., Brucato J.R., Colangeli L., Mennella V. ISO results on bright Main Belt asteroids: PHT-S observations. Astron. Astrophys. 2000, 358:1133-1141.
30. Duke D.A., Stephens J.D. Infrared investigation of the olivine group minerals. Am. Miner. 1964, 49:1388-1406.
31. Dunn T.L., McSween H.Y., Christensen P.R. Thermal emission spectra of terrestrial alkaline volcanic rocks: applications to Martian remote sensing. J. Geophys. Res. 2007, 112. 10.1029/2006JE002766.
32. Edwards C.S., Christensen P.R., Hamilton V.E. Evidence for extensive olivine-rich basalt bedrock outcrops in Ganges and Eos chasmas, Mars. J. Geophys. Res. 2008, 113. 10.1029/2008JE003091.
33. Emery J.P., Cruikshank D., Van Cleve J. Thermal emission spectroscopy (5.2-38μm) of three Trojan asteroids with the Spitzer Space Telescope: detection of fine-grained silicates. Icarus 2006, 182:496-512.
34. Emery J.P., Sprague A.L., Witteborn F.E., Colwell J.E., Kozlowski R.W.H., Wooden D.H. Mercury: thermal modeling and mid-infared (5-12μm) observations. Icarus 1998, 136:104-123.
35. Estep P.A., Kovach J.J., Karr C. Infrared vibrational spectroscopic studies of minerals from Apollo 11 and Apollo 12 lunar samples. Proc. Sec. Lunar Sci. Conf. 1971, 3:2137-2151.
36. Estep P.A., Kovach J.J., Waldstein P., Karr C. Infrared and Raman spectroscopic studies of structural variations in minerals from Apollo 11, 12, 14, and 15 samples. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1972, 3:3047-3067.
37. Fabian D., Henning T., Jäger C., Mutschke H., Dorschner J., Wehrhan O. Steps toward interstellar silicate mineralogy: VI. Dependence of crystalline olivine IR spectra on iron content and particle shape. Astron. Astrophys. 2001, 378:228-238.
38. Feely K.C., Christensen P.R. Quantitative compositional analysis using Thermal Emission Spectroscopy: application to igneous and metamorphic rocks. J. Geophys. Res. 1999, 104:24195-24210.
39. Fegley B., Klingelhöfer G., Lodders K., Widemann T. Geochemistry of surface-atmosphere interactions on Venus. Venus II: Geology, Geophysics, Atmosphere, and Solar Wind Environment 1997, 591-636. University of Arizona Press, Tucson. S.W. Bougher, D.M. Hunten, R.J. Phillips (Eds.).
40. Fischer, E.M., 1995. Quantitative Compositional Analysis of the Lunar Surface from Reflectance Spectroscopy: Iron, Aluminum and a Model for Removing the Optical Effects of Space Weathering. Ph.D. Thesis, Brown University.
41. Gehrz R.D., Reach W.T., Woddward C.E., Kelley M.S. Infrared observations of comets with the Spitzer Space Telescope. Adv. Space Res. 2006, 38:2031-3028.
42. Glotch T.D., Bandfield J.L. Determination and interpretation of surface and atmospheric Miniature Thermal Emission Spectrometer spectral end-members at the Meridiani Planum landing site. J. Geophys. Res. 2006, 111. 10.1029/2005JE002671.
43. Goetz A.F.H. Differential infrared lunar emission spectroscopy. J. Geophys. Res. 1968, 73:1455-1466.
44. Goodrich C.A. Ureilites: a critical review. Meteoritics 1992, 27:327-352.
45. Hamilton V.E. Thermal infrared emission spectroscopy of the pyroxene mineral series. J. Geophys. Res. 2000, 105:9701-9716.
46. Hamilton V.E., Christensen P.R. Determining the modal mineralogy of mafic and ultramafic igneous rocks using Thermal Emission Spectroscopy. J. Geophys. Res. 2000, 105:9717-9733.
47. Hamilton V.E., Lucey P.G. One spectrometer, two spectra: complementary hemispherical reflectance and Thermal Emission Spectroscopy using a single FTIR instrument. Lunar Planet. Sci. 2005, XXXVI. Abstract #1272.
48. Hamilton V.E., Christensen P.R. Evidence for extensive, olivine-rich bedrock on Mars. Geology 2005, 33:433-436. doi:410.1130/.21251.
49. Hamilton V.E., Christensen P.R., McSween H.Y. Determination of Martian meteorite lithologies and mineralogies using vibrational spectroscopy. J. Geophys. Res. 1997, 102:25,593-525,603.
50. Hamilton V.E., Christensen P.R., McSween H.Y., Bandfield J.L. Searching for the source regions of Martian meteorites using MGS TES: integrating Martian meteorites into the global distribution of volcanic materials on Mars. Meteor. Planet. Sci. 2003, 38:871-885.
51. Hapke B. Bidirectional reflectance spectroscopy I. Theory. J. Geophys. Res. 1981, 86:3039-3054.
52. Hapke B. Theory of Reflectance and Emittance Spectroscopy 1993, Cambridge University Press, New York.
53. Hapke B., van Horn H. Photometric studies of complex surfaces, with applications to the Moon. J. Geophys. Res. 1963, 68:4545-4570.
54. Head J.W., Murchie S.L., Prockter L.M., Robinson M.S., Solomon S.C., Strom R.G., Chapman C.R., Watters T.R., McClintock W.E., Blewett D.T., Gillis-Davis J.J., the MESSENGER Team Volcanism on Mercury: evidence from the first MESSENGER flyby. Science 2008, 321:69-71.
55. Helbert J., Jessberger E., Benkhoff J., Arnold G., Banaszkiewicz M., Bischoff A., Blecka M., Calcutt S., Colangeli L., Coradini A., Erard S., Fonti S., Killen R., Knollenberg J., Kührt E., Mann I., Mall U., Moroz L., Peter G., Rataj M., Robinson M.S., Spohn T., Sprague A., Stöffler D., Taylor F., Warrell J. MERTIS-a thermal infrared imaging spectrometer for the Bepi-Columbo mission. Lunar Planet. Sci. 2005, XXXVI. Abstract no. 1753.
56. Henderson B.G., Jakosky B.M. Near-surface thermal gradients and their effects on mid-infrared emission spectra of planetary surfaces. J. Geophys. Res. 1994, 99:19063-19073.
57. Henderson B.G., Jakosky B.M. Near-surface thermal gradients and mid-IR emission spectra: a new model including scattering and application to real data. J. Geophys. Res. 1997, 102:6567-6580.
58. Henning T., Mutschke H. Low-temperature infrared properties of cosmic dust analogues. Astron. Astrophys. 1997, 327:743-754.
59. Heras, A.M., Morris, P.W., Vandenbussche, B., and Müller, T.G., 2000, Asteroid 4 Vesta as seen with the ISO Short Wavelength Spectrometer: Thermal Emission Spectroscopy and analysis of dust, disks, and regoliths, pp. 205-212.
60. Hoefen T.M., Clark R.N., Bandfield J.L., Smith M.D., Pearl J.C., Christensen P.R. Discovery of olivine in the Nili Fossae region of Mars. Science 2003, 302:627-630.
61. Hofmeister A.M. Single-crystal absorption and reflection infrared spectroscopy of forsterite and fayalite. Phys. Chem. Miner. 1987, 14:499-513.
62. Hofmeister A.M. Infrared reflectance spectra of fayalite, and absorption data from assorted olivines, including pressure and isotope effects. Phys. Chem. Min. 1997, 24:535-546.
63. Hofmeister A.M., Pitman K.M. Evidence for kinks in structural and thermodynamic properties across the forsterite-fayalite binary from thin-film IR absorption spectra. Phys. Chem. Miner. 2007, 34:319-333.
64. Hunt G.R., Logan L.M. Variation of single particle mid-infrared emission spectrum with particle size. Appl. Opt. 1972, 11:142-147.
65. Iishi K. Lattice dynamics of forsterite. Am. Miner. 1978, 63:1198-1208.
66. Jäger C., Molster F.J., Dorschner J., Henning T., Mutschke H., Waters L.B.F.M. Steps toward interstellar silicate mineralogy: IV. The crystalline revolution. Astron. Astrophys. 1998, 339:904-916.
67. Johnson J.R. Thermal infrared spectroscopy of experimentally shocked anorthosite and pyroxenite: implications for remote sensing of Mars. J. Geophys. Res. 2002, 107. 10.1029/2001JE001517.
68. Keller L.P., 32 coworkers Infrared spectroscopy of comet 81P/Wild 2 samples returned by Stardust. Science 2006, 314:1728-1731.
69. Koeppen W.C., Hamilton V.E. The global distribution, composition, and abundance of olivine on the surface of Mars from thermal infrared data. J. Geophys. Res. 2008, 113. 10.1029/2007JE002984.
70. Koike C., Chihara H., Tsuchiyama A., Suto H., Sogawa H., Okuda H. Compositional dependence of infrared absorption spectra of crystalline silicate: II. Natural and synthetic olivines. Astron. Astrophys. 2003, 399:1101-1107.
71. Lane M.D. Mid-infrared emission spectroscopy of sulfate and sulfate-bearing minerals. Am. Miner. 2007, 92:1-18. 10.2138/am.2007.2170.
72. Lehmann H., Dutz H., Koltermann M. Ultrarotspektroskopische Untersuchungen zur Mischkristallreihe Forsterit-Fayalit. Ber. Deutsche Keram. Ges. 1961, 38:512-514.
73. Lim L.F., McConnochie T.H., Bell J.F.I., Hayward T.L. Thermal infrared (8-13μm) spectra of 29 asteroids: the Cornell mid-infrared asteroid spectroscopy (MIDAS) survey. Icarus 2005, 173:385-408.
74. Lisse C.M., Van Cleve J., Adams A.C., A'Hearn M.F., Fernandez Y.R., Farnham T.L., Armus L., Grillmair C.J., Ingalls J., Belton M.J.S., Groussin o, McFadden L.A., Meech K.H., Schultz P.H., Clark B.C., Feaga L.M., Sunshine J.M. Spitzer spectral observations of the Deep Impact ejecta. Science 2006, 313:635-640.
75. Logan L.M., Hunt G.R. Emission spectra of particulate silicates under simulated lunar conditions. J. Geophys. Res. 1970, 75:6539-6548.
76. Lyon R.J.P. Minerals in the Infrared: A Critical Bibliography 1962, Stanford Research Institute, Menlo Park, California.
77. Lyon R.J.P., Tuddenham W.M., Thompson C.S. Quantitative mineralogy in 30 minutes. Econ. Geol. 1959, 54:1047-1055.
78. Mason B. ALH A77005 petrographic description. Antarct. Meteor. Newslett. 1981, 4:12.
79. Maturilli A., Helbert J., Moroz L. The Berlin emissivity database (BED). Planet. Space Sci. 2008, 56:420-425.
80. McSween H.Y., Taylor L.A., Stolper E.M. Allan Hills 77005: a new meteorite type found in Antarctica. Science 1979, 204:1201-1203.
81. McSween H.Y., Wyatt M.B., Gellert R., Bell J.F., Morris R.V., Herkenhoff K.E., Crumpler L.S., Milam K.A., Stockstill K.R., Tornabene L.L., Arvidson R.E., Bartlett P., Blaney D.L., Cabrol N.A., Christensen P.R., Clark B.C., Crisp J.A., Des Marais D.J., Economou T., Farmer J.D., Farrand W.H., Ghosh A., Golombek M.P., Gorevan S., Greeley R., Hamilton V.E., Johnson J.R., Joliff B.L., Klingelhöfer G., Knudson A.T., McLennan S.M., Ming D.W., Moersch J.E., Rieder R., Ruff S.W., Schroder C., de Souza P.A., Squyres S.W., Wanke H., Wang A., Yen A.S., Zipfel J. Characterization and petrologic interpretation of olivine-rich basalts at Gusev Crater, Mars. J. Geophys. Res. 2006, 111. 10.1029/2005JE002477.
82. Mellon M.T., Jakosky B.M., Kieffer H.H., Christensen P.R. High resolution thermal inertia mapping from the Mars Global Surveyor Thermal Emission Spectrometer. Icarus 2000, 148:437-455.
83. Mennella V., Brucato J.R., Colangeli L., Palumbo P., Rotundi A., Bussoletti E. Temperature dependence of the absorption coefficient of cosmic analog grains in the wavelength range 20 microns to 2 millimeters. Ap. J. 1998, 496:1058-1066.
84. Meyer, C., 2003. Mars Meteorite Compendium (JSC #27672 Rev. C), http://www-curator.jsc.nasa.gov/curator/antmet/mmc/mmc.htm: Houston, TX, Office of the Curator, NASA-JSC.
85. Michalski J.R., Kraft J.D., Diedrich T., Sharp T.G., Christensen P.R. Thermal emission spectroscopy of the silica polymorphs and considerations for remote sensing of Mars. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2003, 30. 10.1029/2003GL018354.
86. Michalski J.R., Kraft M.D., Sharp T.G., Williams L.B., Christensen P.R. Emission spectroscopy of clay minerals and evidence for poorly crystalline aluminosilicates on Mars from Thermal Emission Spectrometer data. J. Geophys. Res. 2006, 11. 10.1029/2005JE002438.
87. Milam K.A., McSween H.Y., Christensen P.R. Plagioclase compositions derived from Thermal Emission Spectra of compositionally complex mixtures: Implications for Martian feldspar mineralogy. J. Geophys. Res. 2007, 112. 10.1029/2006JE002880.
88. Mills F.P., Brown M.E. Thermal infrared spectroscopy of Europa and Callisto. J. Geophys. Res. 2000, 105:15,051-015,059.
89. Miyamoto M. Diffuse reflectance from 0.25 to 25μm of the Yamato-691 enstatite chondrite. Memoirs of the National Institute of Polar Research 1986, 46:123-130.
90. Miyamoto M. Infrared diffuse reflectances (2.5-25μm) of some meteorites. Icarus 1987, 70:146-152.
91. Miyamoto M., Zolensky M.E. Infrared diffuse reflectance spectra of carbonaceous chondrites: amount of hydrous materials. Meteoritics 1994, 29:849-853.
92. Moersch J.E., Christensen P.R. Modeling particle size effects on the emissivity spectra of minerals in the thermal infrared. Bull. Am. Astron. Soc. 1991, 23:1183.
93. Morlok A.K., öhler M., Bowey J.E., Grady M.M. FT-IR microspectroscopy of extraterrestrial dust grains: comparison of measurement techniques. Planet. Space Sci. 2006, 54:599-611.
94. Morlok A., Bowey J., Köhler M., Grady M.M. FTIR 2-16 micron spectroscopy of micron-sized olivines from primitive meteorites. Met. Planet. Sci. 2006, 41:773-784.
95. Morse S.A. Kiglapait mineralogy III: olivine compositions and Rayleigh fractionation models. J. Pet. 1996, 37:1037-1061.
96. Murchie S.L., Watters T.R., Robinson M.S., Head J.W., Strom R.G., Chapman C.R., Solomon S.C., McClintock W.E., Prockter L.M., Domingue D.L., Blewett D.T., the MESSENGER Team Geology of the Caloris Basin, Mercury: a new view from MESSENGER. Science 2008, 321:73-76.
97. Murcray F.H., Murcray D.J., Williams W.J. Infrared emissivity of lunar surface features: I. Balloon-borne observations. J. Geophys. Res. 1970, 74:2662-2669.
98. Mustard J.F., Hays J.E. Effects of hyperfine particles on reflectance spectra from 0.3 to 25μm. Icarus 1997, 125:145-163.
99. Mustard J.F., Poulet F., Head J.W., Mangold N., Bibring J.-P., Pelkey S.M., Fasset C.I., Langevin Y., Neukum G. Mineralogy of the Nili Fossae region with OMEGA/MEx data: 1) Ancient impact melt in the Isidis Basin and implications for the transition from the Noachian to Hesperian. J. Geophys. Res. 2007, 112. 10.1029/2006JE002834.
100. Nash D.B., Salisbury J.W., Conel J.E., Lucey P.G., Christensen P.R. Evaluation of infrared emission spectroscopy for mapping the Moon's composition from lunar orbit. J. Geophys. Res. 1993, 98:23,535-23,552.
101. Nicodemus F.E. Directional reflectance and emissivity of an opaque surface. Appl. Opt. 1965, 4:767-773.
102. -1 and normal-coordinate analysis of silicates with olivine structure. J. Chem. Phys. 1969, 51:4719-4728.
103. Omori K. Infrared study of mechanical mixtures of quartz, orthoclase, and oligoclase from 11 to 25 microns. Miner. J. 1967, 5:169-179.
104. Osawa T., Kagi H., Nagao K. Mid-infrared transmission spectra of individual Antarctic micrometoerites and carbonaceous chondrites. Antarct. Meteor. Res. 2001, 14:71-80.
105. Paige, D.A., Foote, M.C., Greenhagen, B.T., Schofield, J.T., Calcutt, S., Vasavada, A.R., Preston, D.J., Taylor, F.W., Allen, C.C., Snook, K.J., Jakosky, B.M., Murray, B.C., Soderblom, L.A., Jau, B., Loring, S., Bulharowski, J., Bowles, N.E., Thomas, I.R., Sullivan, M.T., Avis, C., DeJong, E.M., Hartford, W., and McCleese, D.J., 2009. The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Diviner lunar radiometer experiment. Space Sci. Rev., 10.1007/s1121400995292.
106. Piatek, J.L., 1997. Vibrational Spectroscopy of Clay Minerals: Implications for Remote Sensing of Terrestrial Planetoids. M.S. Thesis, Arizona State University, 78pp.
107. Pieters C.M., Fischer E.M., Rode O., Basu A. Optical effects of space weathering: the role of the finest fraction. J. Geophys. Res. 1993, 98:20,817-820,824.
108. Pieters C.M., Klima R.L., Hiroi T., Dyar M.D., Lane M.D., Treiman A.H., Noble S.K., Sunshine J.M., Bishop J.L. Martian dunite NWA 2737: integrated spectroscopic analyses of brown olivine. J. Geophys. Res. 2008, 113. 10.1029/2007JE002939.
109. Presley M.A., Christensen P.R. Thermal conductivity measurements of particulate materials. Part II: Results. J. Geophys. Res. 1997, 102:6566-6651.
110. Price S.D. Infrared observations of asteroids from space: the past and future. Meteor. Planet. Sci. 2002, 37:1909-1917.
111. Prinz M., Hlava P.H., Keil K. The Chassigny meteorite: a relatively iron-rich cumulate dunite. Meteoritics 1974, 9:393-394.
112. Putzig N.E., Mellon M.T., Kretke K.A., Arvidson R.E. Global thermal inertia and surface properties of Mars from the MGS mapping mission. Icarus 2005, 173:325-341.
113. Ramsey M.S., Christensen P.R. Mineral abundance determination: quantitative deconvolution of Thermal Emission Spectra. J. Geophys. Res. 1998, 103:577-596.
114. Raynal P.I., Quirico E., Borg J., Deboffle D., Dumas P., d'Hendecort L., Bibring J.-P., Langevin Y. Synchrotron infrared microscopy of micron-sized extraterrestrial grains. Planet. Space Sci. 2000, 48:1329-1339.
115. 4 olivine: new data and a reappraisal. Phys. Chem. Miner. 1991, 18:19-25.
116. Rogers A.D., Aharonson O. Mineralogical composition of sands in Meridiani Planum determined from Mars Exploration Rover data and comparison to orbital measurements. J. Geophys. Res. 2008, 113. 10.1029/2007JE002995.
117. Rogers A.D., Christensen P.R., Bandfield J.L. Compositional heterogeneity of the ancient Martian crust: surface analysis of Ares Vallis bedrock with THEMIS and TES data. J. Geophys. Res. 2005, 110. 10.1029/2005JE002399.
118. Ruff, S.W., 1998. Quantitative Thermal Infrared Emission Spectroscopy Applied to Granitoid Petrology. Ph.D. Thesis, Arizona State University, 234 p.
119. Ruff S.W. Spectral evidence for zeolite in the dust on Mars. Icarus 2004, 168:131-143.
120. Ruff S.W., Christensen P.R. Bright and dark regions on Mars: particle size and mineralogical characteristics based on Thermal Emission Spectrometer data. J. Geophys. Res. 2002, 107:5127. doi:5110.1029/2001JE001580.
121. Ruff S.W., Christensen P.R., Barbera P.W., Anderson D.L. Quantitative Thermal Emission Spectroscopy of minerals: a laboratory technique for measurement and calibration. J. Geophys. Res. 1997, 102:14,899-14,913.
122. Ruff S.W., Christensen P.R., Blaney D.L., Farrand W.H., Johnson J.R., Michalski J.R., Moersch J.E., Wright S.P., Squyres S.W. The rocks of Gusev Crater as viewed by the Mini-TES instrument. J. Geophys. Res. 2006, 111. 10.1029/2006JE002747.
123. Salisbury J.W., Eastes J.W. The effect of particle size and porosity on spectral contrast in the mid-infrared. Icarus 1985, 64:586-588.
124. Salisbury J.W., Wald A. The role of volume scattering in reducing spectral contrast of reststrahlen bands in spectra of powdered minerals. Icarus 1992, 96:121-128.
125. Salisbury, J.W., Walter, L.S., and Vergo, N., 1987. Mid-infrared (2.1-25μm) spectra of minerals: first ed. U.S.G.S., Open File Report, pp. 87-263.
126. Salisbury J.W., D'Aria D.M., Jarosewich E. Midinfrared (2.5-13.5μm) reflectance spectra of powdered stony meteorites. Icarus 1991, 92:280-297.
127. Salisbury J.W., Basu A., Fischer E.M. Thermal infrared spectra of lunar soils. Icarus 1997, 130:125-139.
128. Salisbury J.W., Vincent R.K., Logan L.M., Hunt G.R. Infrared emissivity of lunar surface features, 2, Interpretation. J. Geophys. Res. 1970, 75:2671-2682.
129. Salisbury J.W., Walter L.S., Vergo N., D'Aria D.M. Infrared (2.1-25μm) Spectra of Minerals 1991, The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London.
130. Salisbury J.W., Murcray D.G., Williams W.J., Blatherwick R.D. Thermal infrared spectra of the Moon. Icarus 1995, 115:181-190.
131. Sandford S.A. Infrared transmission spectra from 2.5 to 25μm of various meteorite classes. Icarus 1984, 60:115-126.
132. Sandford S.A. The mid-infared transmission spectra of Antarctic ureilites. Meteoritics 1993, 28:579-585.
133. Sandford S.A., Walker R.M. Laboratory infrared transmission spectra of individual interplanetary dust particles from 2.5 to 25 microns. Ap. J. 1985, 291:838-851.
134. 4 single crystal. Phys. Status Solidi 1973, B55:677-686.
135. Smith M.D., Bandfield J.L., Christensen P.R. Separation of atmospheric and surface spectral features in Mars Global Surveyor Thermal Emission Spectrometer (TES) spectra. J. Geophys. Res. 2000, 105:9589-9607.
136. Sprague A.L., Witteborn F., Kozlowski R., Cruikshank D., Bartholomew M., Graps A. The Moon: mid-infrared (7.5-11.4μm) spectroscopy of selected regions. Icarus 1992, 100:73-84.
137. Sprague A.L., Emery J.P., Donaldson K.L., Russell R.W., Lynch D.K., Mazuk A.L. Mercury: mid-infrared (3-13.5μm) observations show heterogeneous composition, presence of intermediate and basic soil types, and pyroxene. Meteor. Planet. Sci. 2002, 37:1255-1268.
138. Sprague A.L., Deutsch L.K., Hora J., Fazio G.G., Ludwig B., Emery J., Hoffmann W.F. Mid-infrared (8.1-12.5μm) imaging of Mercury. Icarus 2000, 147:421-432.
139. Sprague A.L., Donaldson Hanna K.L., Kozlowski R.W.H., Helbert J., Maturilli A., Warell J.B., Hora J.L. Spectral emissivity measurements of Mercury's surface indicate Mg- and Ca-rich mineralogy, K-spar, Na-rich plagioclase, rutile, with possible perovskite, and garnet. Planet. Space Sci. 2009, 57:364-383.
140. Staid, M.I., Johnson, J.R., and Gaddis, L.R., 2004. Analysis of Mars Thermal Emission Spectrometer data using large mineral reference libraries. Lunar Planet. Sci. XXXV, Abstract no. 1778, Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston (CD-ROM).
141. Stansberry J.A., Van Cleve J., Reach W.T., Cruikshank D.P., Emery J.P., Fernandez Y.R., Meadows V.S., Su K.Y.L., Misselt K., Rieke G.H., Young E.T., Werner M.W., Engelbracht C.W., Gordon K.D., Hines D.C., Kelley D.M., Morrison J.E., Muzerolle J. Spitzer observations of the dust coma and nucleus of 29P/Schwassmann-Wachmann. Ap. J. S. 2004, 154:463-468.
142. Suto H., Koike C., Sogawa H., Tsuchiyama A., Chihara H., Mizutani K. Infrared spectra of fayalite crystal. Astron. Astrophys. 2002, 389:568-571.
143. Takeda H. Comparisons of Antarctic and non-Antarctic achondrites and possible origin of the differences. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1991, 55:35-47.
144. Tarantino S.C., Carpenter M.A., Domeneghetti M.C. Strain and local heterogeneity in the forsterite-fayalite solid solution. Phys. Chem. Min. 2003, 30:495-502.
145. Tarte P. Etude infra-rouge des orthosilicates et des orthogermanates-II: Structures du type olivine et monticellite. Spectrochim. Acta 1963, 19:25-47.
146. Thomson J.L., Salisbury J.W. The mid-infrared reflectance of mineral mixtures (7-14μm). Rem. Sens. Environ. 1993, 45:1-13.
147. Tornabene L.L., Moersch J.E., McSween H.Y., Hamilton V.E., Piatek J.L., Christensen P.R. Surface and crater-exposed lithologic units of the Isidis Basin as mapped by coanalysis of THEMIS and TES derived data products. J. Geophys. Res. 2008, 113. 10.1029/2007JE002988.
148. Treiman A.H., McKay G.A., Bogard D.D., Wang M.-S., Lipschutz M.E., Mittlefehldt D.W., Keller L., Lindstrom M.M., Garrison D. Comparison of the LEW 88516 and ALH A77005 Martian meteorites: similar but distinct. Meteoritics 1994, 29:581-592.
149. Tyler A.L., Kozlowski W.H., Lebofsky L.A. Determination of rock type on Mercury and the Moon through remote sensing in the thermal infrared. Geophys. Res. Lett. 1988, 15:808-811.
150. Vincent R.K., Hunt G.R. Infrared reflectance from mat surfaces. Appl. Opt. 1968, 7:53-59.
151. Wooden D.H., Harker D.E., Woodward C.E., Butner H.M., Koike C., Witteborn F.C., McMurtry C.W. Silicate mineralogy of the dust in the inner coma of Comet C/1995 O1 (Hale-Bopp) pre- and post-perihelion. Astrophys. J. 1999, 517:1034-1058.
152. Wyatt M.B., Hamilton V.E., McSween H.Y., Christensen P.R. Analysis of terrestrial and Martian volcanic compositions using Thermal Emission Spectroscopy: I. Determination of mineralogy, chemistry, and classification strategies. J. Geophys. Res. 2001, 106:14,711-14,732.
153. Zaikowski A., Knacke R.F. Infrared spectra of carbonaceous chondrites and the composition of interstellar grains. Astrophys. Space Sci. 1975, 37:3-9.