Impact of Xuezhikang on coronary events in hypertensive patients with previous myocardial infarction from the China Coronary Secondary Prevention Study (CCSPS)

Annals of Medicine

Volumn 42, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 231-240

  Li, Jian Jun ^a   Lu, Zong Liang ^a   Kou, Wen Rong ^a   Chen, Zuo ^a   Wu, Yang Feng ^a   Yu, Xue Hai ^a   Zhao, Yu Cheng ^a  

^a FUWAI HOSPITAL   (China)

Author keywords

Hypertension; Myocardial infarction; Statin; Xuezhikang

Indexed keywords

XUEZHIKANG;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CHINESE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; DEATH; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG SAFETY; FEMALE; HEART INFARCTION; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; INCIDENCE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORTALITY; PATIENT SAFETY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; RECURRENT DISEASE; SECONDARY PREVENTION; TREATMENT RESPONSE;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; CHINA; CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; DOUBLE-BLIND METHOD; DRUGS, CHINESE HERBAL; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYPERTENSION; INCIDENCE; KAPLAN-MEIERS ESTIMATE; LIPOPROTEINS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 77950843218     PISSN: 07853890     EISSN: 13652060     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3109/07853891003652534     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults. Executive Summary of the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) (Adult Treatment Panel III). JAMA. 2001;285:2486-2497
2. Sever PS, Dahlöf B, Poulter NR, Wedel H, Beevers G, Caulfield M, et al. Prevention of coronary and stroke events with atorvastatin in hypertensive patients who have average or lower-than-average cholesterol concentrations, in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial-Lipid Lowering Arm (ASCOT-LLA): a multicenter randomized controlled trial. Lancet. 2003;361:1149-1158 (Pubitemid 36398384)
3. ALLHAT Offi cers and Coordinators for the ALLHAT Collaborative Research Group. Major outcomes in moderately hypercholesterolemic, hypertensive patients randomized to pravastatin vs usual care: the Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT-LLT). JAMA. 2002;288:2998-3007. (Pubitemid 35471161)
4. Messerli FH, Pinto L, Tang SSK, Thakker KM, Cappelleri JC, Sichrovsky T, et al. Impact of systemic hypertension on the cardiovascular benefi ts of statin therapy--a meta-analysis. Am J Cardiol. 2008;101:319-325 (Pubitemid 351162960)
5. Wang J, Lu Z, Chi J, Su M, Kou W, Yu F, et al. Multiple clinical trials of the serum lipid-lowering effects of a Monascus purpureus (red yeast rice preparation from traditional Chinese medicine. Curr Ther Res. 1997;58:964-78. (Pubitemid 28060054)
6. Li J-J, Hu S-S, Fang C-H, Hui R-T, Miao L-F, Yang Y-J, et al. Effects of Xuezhikang, an extract of cholestin, on lipid profi le and C-reactive protein: a short-term time course study in patients with stable angina. Clin Chim Acta. 2005;352:217-224
7. Li J-J, Wang Y, Nie S-P, Li Y-S, Huang Y, Hui R-T. Xuezhikang, an extract of cholestin, decreases plasma infl ammatory markers and endothelin-1, improve exercise-induced ischemia and subjective feeling in patients with cardiac syndrome X. Int J Cardiol. 2007;122:82-84 (Pubitemid 47503351)
8. Lu Z-L, Kou W-R, Du B-M, Wu Y-F, Zhao S-P, Brusco OA, et al. Effects of Xuezhikang, an extract from red yeast Chinese rice, on coronary events in a Chinese population with previous myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol. 2008;101: 1689-1693
9. Ye P, Lu Z-L, Du B-M, Chen Z, Wu Y-F, Yu X-H, et al.; for the CCSPS investigators. Effects of Xuezhikang on cardiovascular events and mortality in elderly patients with a history of myocardial infarction: a subgroup analysis of elderly subjects from the China Coronary Secondary Prevention Study. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2007;55:1015-1022 (Pubitemid 47024625)
10. Zhao S-P, Lu Z-L, Du B-M, Chen Z, Wu Y-F, Yu X-H, et al. Xuezhikang, an extract of cholestin, reduces cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes patients with coronary heart disease: subgroup analysis of patients with type 2 diabetes from China Coronary Secondary Prevention Study (CCSPS). J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2007;49:81-84 (Pubitemid 46302909)
11. Sever PS. Lipid-lowering therapy and the patients with multiple risk factors: what have we learned from the Anglo- Scandinavian Cardiac Outcome Trial (ASCOT)? Am J Med. 2005;118:35-95.
12. Wilson PW, Kannel WB, Silbershatz H, D'Agostino RB. Clustering of metabolic factors and coronary heart disease. Arch Intern Med. 1999;159:1104-1109 (Pubitemid 29230863)
13. Neaton JD, Wentworth D. Serum cholesterol, blood pressure, cigarette smoking, and death from coronary heart disease. Overall findings and differences by age for 316,099 white men. Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Research Group. Arch Intern Med. 1992;152:56-64.
14. Thomas F, Bean K, Guize L, Quentzel S, Argyriadis P, Benetos A. Combined effects of systolic blood pressure and serum cholesterol on cardiovascular mortality in young (<55 years) men and women. Eur Heart J. 2002;23:528-535 (Pubitemid 35192199)
15. Wilhelmsen L, Berglund G, Elmfeldt D, Tibblin G, Wedel G, Pennert K, et al. The multifactor primary prevention trial in Goteborg, Sweden. Eur Heart J. 1986;7:279-288 (Pubitemid 16120809)
16. Gaede P, Vedel P, Larsen N, Jensen GV, Parving HH, Pedersen O. Multifactorial intervention and cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2003;348:383-393 (Pubitemid 36159355)
17. Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group. MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol lowering with simvastatin in 20,536 high-risk individuals: a randomized placebocontrolled trial. Lancet. 2002;360:7-22. (Pubitemid 34756487)
18. Ferrier KE, Muhlmann MH, Baguet JP, Cameron JD, Jennings GL, Dart AM, et al. Intensive cholesterol reduction lowers blood pressure and large artery stiffness in isolated systolic hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002;39:1020-1025
19. Amarenco P, Bogousslavsky J, Callahan A 3rd, Goldstein LB, Hennerici M, Rudolph AE, et al.; Stroke Prevention by Aggressive Reduction in Cholesterol Levels (SPARCL) Investigators. High-dose atorvastatin after stroke or transient ischemic attack. N Engl J Med. 2006;355:549-559 (Pubitemid 44202151)
20. Reeves MJ, Gargano JW, Luo Z, Mullard AJ, Jacobs BS, Majid A, et al. Effects of pretreatment with statins on ischemic stroke outcomes. Stroke. 2008;39:1779-1785
21. Nakamura H, Arakawa K, Itakura H, Kitabatake A, Goto Y, Toyota T, et al. Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with pravastatin: in Japan (MEGA Study): a prospective randomized controlled trial. Lancet. 2006;368:1155-1163 (Pubitemid 44444932)
22. Lee E, Ryan S, Birmingham B, Zalikowski J, March R, Ambrose H, et al. Rosuvastatin pharmaccokinetics and pharmacogenetics in white and Asian subjects residing in the same environment. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2005;78:330-341 (Pubitemid 41393668)
23. Zhao S-P, Liu L, Cheng Y-C, Shishehbor MH, Liu M-H, Peng D-Q, et al. Xuezhikang, an extract of cholestin, protects endothelial function through anti-infl ammatory and lipid-lowering mechanisms in patients with coronary heart disease. Circulation. 2004;110:915-920 (Pubitemid 39128616)
24. Dale KM, Coleman CI, Henyan NN, Kluger J, White CM. Statins and cancer risk: a meta-analysis. JAMA. 2006;295: 74-80. (Pubitemid 43042692)
25. Su NW, Lin YL, Lee MH, Ho CY. Ankafl avin from Monascus- fermented red rice exhibits selective cytotoxic effects and induces cells death on Hep G2 cells. J Agric Food Chem. 2005;53:1949-1954
26. Takemoto M, Liao J. Pleiotropic effects of 3-hydroxy-3- methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Res. 2001;21:1712-1719 (Pubitemid 34219772)
27. Ruiz-Ortega M, Ruperez M, Esteban V, Egido I. Molecular mechanisms of angiotensin II-induced vascular injury. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2003;5:73-79 (Pubitemid 38898935)