메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 9, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 43-49

Lumbar epidural steroid injections: Indications contraindications, risks, and benefits

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ANTICOAGULANT AGENT; ANTITHROMBOCYTIC AGENT; BETAMETHASONE; BUPIVACAINE; CLOPIDOGREL; CORTICOSTEROID; DEXAMETHASONE; LOCAL ANESTHETIC AGENT; LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT HEPARIN; METHYLPREDNISOLONE; NONSTEROID ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; OPIATE; PLACEBO; SODIUM CHLORIDE; STEROID; TICLOPIDINE; TRIAMCINOLONE; WARFARIN;

EID: 77950842216     PISSN: 1537890X     EISSN: 15378918     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1249/JSR.0b013e3181caa7fc     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (32)

References (50)
  • 1
    • 0032714398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of lumbosacral radiculopathy with epidural steroids
    • Abram SE. Treatment of lumbosacral radiculopathy with epidural steroids. Anesthesiology. 1999; 91:1937-1941
    • (1999) Anesthesiology , vol.91 , pp. 1937-1941
    • Abram, S.E.1
  • 2
    • 34247489119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The efficacy of lumbar epidural steroid injections in patients with lumbar disc herniations
    • Ackerman WE, Ahmad M. The efficacy of lumbar epidural steroid injections in patients with lumbar disc herniations. Anesth. Analg. 2007; 104:1217-1222
    • (2007) Anesth. Analg. , vol.104 , pp. 1217-1222
    • Ackerman, W.E.1    Ahmad, M.2
  • 3
    • 27744589586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multicentre randomized controlled trial of epidural corticosteroid injections for sciatica: The WEST study
    • Arden NK, Price C, Reading I, et al. A multicentre randomized controlled trial of epidural corticosteroid injections for sciatica: the WEST study. Rheumatology. 2005; 44:1399-1406
    • (2005) Rheumatology , vol.44 , pp. 1399-1406
    • Arden, N.K.1    Price, C.2    Reading, I.3
  • 4
    • 33947532592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment: Use of epidural steroid injections to treat radicular lumbosacral pain: Report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology
    • DOI 10.1212/01.wnl.0000256734.34238.e7, PII 0000611420070306000007
    • Armon C, Argoff CE, Samuels J, Backonja MM. Assessment: use of epidural steroid injections to treat radicular lumbosacral pain: report of the therapeutics and technology assessment subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology. 2007; 68:723-729 (Pubitemid 46667896)
    • (2007) Neurology , vol.68 , Issue.10 , pp. 723-729
    • Armon, C.1    Argoff, C.E.2    Samuels, J.3    Backonja, M.-M.4
  • 6
  • 7
    • 1042292552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluoroscopic guided lumbar interlaminar epidural injections: A prospective evaluation of epidurography contrast patterns and anatomical review of the epidural space
    • Botwin K, Natalicchio J, Hanna A. Fluoroscopic guided lumbar interlaminar epidural injections: a prospective evaluation of epidurography contrast patterns and anatomical review of the epidural space. Pain. Physician. 2004; 7:77-80. (Pubitemid 38195757)
    • (2004) Pain Physician , vol.7 , Issue.1 , pp. 77-80
    • Botwin, K.P.1    Natalicchio, J.2    Hanna, A.3
  • 8
    • 0036889718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluoroscopically guided lumbar transforaminal epidural steroid injections in degenerative lumbar stenosis: An outcome study
    • Botwin T, Gruber RD, Bouchlas CG, et al. Fluoroscopically guided lumbar transforaminal epidural steroid injections in degenerative lumbar stenosis: an outcome study. Am. J. Phys. Med. Rehabil. 2002; 81:898-905.
    • (2002) Am. J. Phys. Med. Rehabil. , vol.81 , pp. 898-905
    • Botwin, T.1    Gruber, R.D.2    Bouchlas, C.G.3
  • 9
    • 0026658340 scopus 로고
    • The natural history of sciatica associated with disc pathology. A prospective study with clinical and independent radiologic follow-up
    • Bush K, Cowan N, Katz DE, Gishen P. The natural history of sciatica associated with disc pathology. A prospective study with clinical and independent radiologic follow-up. Spine. 1992; 17:1205-1212
    • (1992) Spine. , vol.17 , pp. 1205-1212
    • Bush, K.1    Cowan, N.2    Katz, D.E.3    Gishen, P.4
  • 10
    • 0025866004 scopus 로고
    • A controlled study of caudal epidural injections oftriamcinolone plus procaine for the management of intractable sciatica
    • Bush K, Hillier S. A controlled study of caudal epidural injections oftriamcinolone plus procaine for the management of intractable sciatica. Spine. 1991; 5:319-325
    • (1991) Spine , vol.5 , pp. 319-325
    • Bush, K.1    Hillier, S.2
  • 11
    • 1842578971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of lumbar disc herniation: Epidural steroid injection compared with discectomy: A prospective, randomized study
    • Buttermann GR. Treatment of lumbar disc herniation: epidural steroid injection compared with discectomy: a prospective, randomized study. J. Bone Joint Surg. Am. 2004; 86:670-679
    • (2004) J. Bone Joint Surg. Am. , vol.86 , pp. 670-679
    • Buttermann, G.R.1
  • 12
    • 34247097420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlation of spinal canal dimensions to efficacy of epidural steroid injection in spinal stenosis
    • Campbell MJ, Carreon LY, Glassman SD, et al. Correlation of spinal canal dimensions to efficacy of epidural steroid injection in spinal stenosis. J. Spinal Disord. Tech. 2007; 20:168-171
    • (2007) J. Spinal Disord. Tech. , vol.20 , pp. 168-171
    • Campbell, M.J.1    Carreon, L.Y.2    Glassman, S.D.3
  • 13
    • 38549114468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective evaluation of iodinated contrast flow patterns with fluoroscopically guided lumbar epidural steroid injections: A lateral parasagittal interlaminar approach versus the transforaminal approach
    • Candido KD, Raghavendra MS, Chinthagada M, et al. A prospective evaluation of iodinated contrast flow patterns with fluoroscopically guided lumbar epidural steroid injections: a lateral parasagittal interlaminar approach versus the transforaminal approach. Anesth. Analg. 2008; 106:638-644
    • (2008) Anesth. Analg. , vol.106 , pp. 638-644
    • Candido, K.D.1    Raghavendra, M.S.2    Chinthagada, M.3
  • 14
    • 67650322082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonsurgical interventional therapies for low back pain: A review of the evidence for an American pain society clinical practice guideline
    • Chou R, Atlas SJ, Stanos SP, Rosenquist RW. Nonsurgical interventional therapies for low back pain: a review of the evidence for an American pain society clinical practice guideline. Spine. 2009; 34:1078-1093
    • (2009) Spine , vol.34 , pp. 1078-1093
    • Chou, R.1    Atlas, S.J.2    Stanos, S.P.3    Rosenquist, R.W.4
  • 15
    • 21344472576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A critical appraisal of the evidence for selective nerve root injection in the treatment of lumbosacral radiculopathy
    • DePalma MJ, Bhatgava A, Slipman CW. A critical appraisal of the evidence for selective nerve root injection in the treatment of lumbosacral radiculopathy. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. 2005; 86:1477-1483
    • (2005) Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. , vol.86 , pp. 1477-1483
    • Depalma, M.J.1    Bhatgava, A.2    Slipman, C.W.3
  • 16
    • 0026780396 scopus 로고
    • Response to steroid and duration of radicular pain as predictors of surgical outcome
    • Derby R, Kine G, Saal JA, et al. Response to steroid and duration of radicular pain as predictors of surgical outcome. Spine. 1992; 17(Suppl. 6):S176-83.
    • (1992) Spine , vol.17 , Issue.SUPPL. 6
    • Derby, R.1    Kine, G.2    Saal, J.A.3
  • 17
    • 39649112599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Size and aggregation of corticosteroids used for epidural injections
    • Derby R, Lee SH, Date ES, et al. Size and aggregation of corticosteroids used for epidural injections. Pain Med. 2008; 9:227-234
    • (2008) Pain Med. , vol.9 , pp. 227-234
    • Derby, R.1    Lee, S.H.2    Date, E.S.3
  • 18
    • 43949106508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship betweenrepeated epidural steroid injections and subsequent opioid use and lumbar surgery
    • Friedly J, Nishio I, Bishop MJ, Maynard C. The relationship betweenrepeated epidural steroid injections and subsequent opioid use and lumbar surgery. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. 2008; 89:1011-1015
    • (2008) Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. , vol.89 , pp. 1011-1015
    • Friedly, J.1    Nishio, I.2    Bishop, M.J.3    Maynard, C.4
  • 19
    • 0023851929 scopus 로고
    • Back pain and sciatica
    • Frymoyer JW. Back pain and sciatica. N. Engl. J. Med. 1988; 318:291-300.
    • (1988) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.318 , pp. 291-300
    • Frymoyer, J.W.1
  • 20
    • 0037228762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence of intravascularpenetration in transforaminal cervical epidural steroid injections
    • Furman MB, Giovanniello MT, O'Brien EM. Incidence of intravascularpenetration in transforaminal cervical epidural steroid injections. Spine. 2003; 28:21-25
    • (2003) Spine , vol.28 , pp. 21-25
    • Furman, M.B.1    Giovanniello, M.T.2    O'Brien, E.M.3
  • 21
    • 64349099366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of epidural betamethasoneon blood glucose in patients with diabetes mellitus
    • Gonzalaz P, Laker SR, Sullivan W, et al. The effects of epidural betamethasoneon blood glucose in patients with diabetes mellitus. PMR.2009; 1:340-345
    • (2009) PMR , vol.1 , pp. 340-345
    • Gonzalaz, P.1    Laker, S.R.2    Sullivan, W.3
  • 23
    • 77950840246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidural steroid injections for lumbar spinal stenosis
    • Harrast MA. Epidural steroid injections for lumbar spinal stenosis. Curr.Rev. Musculoskelet. Med. 2008; 1:32-38
    • (2008) Curr.Rev. Musculoskelet. Med. , vol.1 , pp. 32-38
    • Harrast, M.A.1
  • 24
    • 0034655822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Herniated lumbar disc material as a source of free glutamate available to affect pain signals through the dorsal root ganglion
    • Harrington JF, Messier AA, Bereiter D, et al. Herniated lumbar disc material as a source of free glutamate available to affect pain signals through the dorsal root ganglion. Spine. 2000; 25:929-936
    • (2000) Spine , vol.25 , pp. 929-936
    • Harrington, J.F.1    Messier, A.A.2    Bereiter, D.3
  • 25
    • 67349245497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cervical epidural steroid injections in the management of cervical radiculitis: Interlaminar versus transforaminal
    • Huston CW. Cervical epidural steroid injections in the management of cervical radiculitis: interlaminar versus transforaminal. A review. Curr.Rev. Musculoskelet. Med. 2009; 2:30-42.
    • (2009) A Review. Curr.Rev. Musculoskelet. Med. , vol.2 , pp. 30-42
    • Huston, C.W.1
  • 26
    • 35349028386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of transforaminal epidural steroid injection by using a preganglionic approach: A prospective randomized controlled study
    • Jeong HS, Lee JW, Kim SH, et al. Effectiveness of transforaminal epidural steroid injection by using a preganglionic approach: a prospective randomized controlled study. Radiology. 2007; 245:584-590
    • (2007) Radiology , vol.245 , pp. 584-590
    • Jeong, H.S.1    Lee, J.W.2    Kim, S.H.3
  • 27
    • 0035339215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Periradicular infiltration for sciatica: A randomized controlled trial
    • Karppinen J, Malmivaara A, Kurunlahti M, et al. Periradicular infiltration for sciatica: a randomized controlled trial. Spine. 2001; 26:1059-1067
    • (2001) Spine , vol.26 , pp. 1059-1067
    • Karppinen, J.1    Malmivaara, A.2    Kurunlahti, M.3
  • 28
    • 67650311672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of physical therapy and epidural steroid injections in lumbar spinal stenosis
    • Koc Z, Ozcakir S, Sivrioglu K, et al. Effectiveness of physical therapy and epidural steroid injections in lumbar spinal stenosis. Spine. 2009; 34:985-989
    • (2009) Spine , vol.34 , pp. 985-989
    • Koc, Z.1    Ozcakir, S.2    Sivrioglu, K.3
  • 29
    • 34250866183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis and treatment of sciatica
    • Koes BW, van Tulder MW, Peul WC. Diagnosis and treatment of sciatica. BMJ. 2007; 334:1313-1317
    • (2007) BMJ , vol.334 , pp. 1313-1317
    • Koes, B.W.1    Van Tulder, M.W.2    Peul, W.C.3
  • 30
    • 0033997442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of nerve root versus interspinous injections of glucocorticoids in the treatment of disk-related sciatica. A pilot, prospective, randomized, double blind study
    • Kolsi I, Delecrin J, Berthelot JM, et al. Efficacy of nerve root versus interspinous injections of glucocorticoids in the treatment of disk-related sciatica. A pilot, prospective, randomized, double blind study. Joint Bone Spine. 2000; 67:113-118
    • (2000) Joint Bone Spine , vol.67 , pp. 113-118
    • Kolsi, I.1    Delecrin, J.2    Berthelot, J.M.3
  • 31
    • 63249116917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thromboembolic stroke: A rare complication associated with peri-procedural management of an epidural steroid injection
    • Linn AJ, Desilva C, Peeters-Asdourian C. Thromboembolic stroke: a rare complication associated with peri-procedural management of an epidural steroid injection. Pain Physician. 2009; 12:159-162
    • (2009) Pain Physician. , vol.12 , pp. 159-162
    • Linn, A.J.1    Desilva, C.2    Peeters-Asdourian, C.3
  • 32
    • 0031727853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluoroscopic transforaminal lumbarepidural steroids: An outcome study
    • Lutz GE, Vad VB, Wisneski RJ. Fluoroscopic transforaminal lumbarepidural steroids: an outcome study. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. 1998; 79: 1362-1366
    • (1998) Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. , vol.79 , pp. 1362-1366
    • Lutz, G.E.1    Vad, V.B.2    Wisneski, R.J.3
  • 33
    • 14744288827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidural steroid therapy for backand leg pain: Mechanisms of action and efficacy
    • McLaine RF, Kapural L, Mekhail NA. Epidural steroid therapy for backand leg pain: mechanisms of action and efficacy. Spine. 2005; 5:191-201.
    • (2005) Spine , vol.5 , pp. 191-201
    • McLaine, R.F.1    Kapural, L.2    Mekhail, N.A.3
  • 34
    • 18244362573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The efficacy of corticosteroids in periradicular infiltration for chronic radicular pain: A randomized, doubleblind, controlled trial
    • Ng L, Chaudhary N, Sell P. The efficacy of corticosteroids in periradicular infiltration for chronic radicular pain: a randomized, doubleblind, controlled trial. Spine. 2005; 30:857-862
    • (2005) Spine , vol.30 , pp. 857-862
    • Ng, L.1    Chaudhary, N.2    Sell, P.3
  • 35
    • 39449135636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The basis for recommending repeating epiduralsteroid injections for radicular low back pain: A literature review
    • Novak S, Nemeth WC. The basis for recommending repeating epiduralsteroid injections for radicular low back pain: a literature review. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. 2008; 89:543-552
    • (2008) Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. , vol.89 , pp. 543-552
    • Novak, S.1    Nemeth, W.C.2
  • 36
    • 33746884249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nerve root blocks in the treatment of lumbar radicular pain: A minimum 5-year follow up
    • Riew KD, Park JB, Cho YS, et al. Nerve root blocks in the treatment of lumbar radicular pain: a minimum 5-year follow up. J. Bone Joint Surg. Am. 2006; 88:1722-1725
    • (2006) J. Bone Joint Surg. Am. , vol.88 , pp. 1722-1725
    • Riew, K.D.1    Park, J.B.2    Cho, Y.S.3
  • 37
    • 0033739191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of nerve-root injections on the need for operative treatment of lumbar radicular pain: A prospective,randomized, controlled, double-blind study
    • Riew KD, Yin Y, Gilula L, et al. The effect of nerve-root injections on the need for operative treatment of lumbar radicular pain: a prospective,randomized, controlled, double-blind study. J. Bone Joint Surg. Am. 2000; 82-A:1589-1593
    • (2000) J. Bone Joint Surg. Am. , vol.82 A , pp. 1589-1593
    • Riew, K.D.1    Yin, Y.2    Gilula, L.3
  • 38
    • 67649525759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of lumbosacral transforaminal epidural steroid injections: A systematic review
    • Roberts ST, Willick SE, Rho ME, Rittenberg JD. Efficacy of lumbosacral transforaminal epidural steroid injections: a systematic review. PMR. 2009; 1:657-668
    • (2009) PMR , vol.1 , pp. 657-668
    • Roberts, S.T.1    Willick, S.E.2    Rho, M.E.3    Rittenberg, J.D.4
  • 39
    • 0025178929 scopus 로고
    • The natural history of lumbar intervertebral disc extrusions treated nonoperatively
    • Saal JA, Saal JS, Herzog RJ. The natural history of lumbar intervertebral disc extrusions treated nonoperatively. Spine. 1990; 15:683-686
    • (1990) Spine , vol.15 , pp. 683-686
    • Saal, J.A.1    Saal, J.S.2    Herzog, R.J.3
  • 40
    • 67651155981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of steroid and non-steroid caudal epidural steroid injections for low back pain and sciatica: A prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial
    • Sayegh FE, Kenanidis EI, Papavasiliou KA, et al. Efficacy of steroid and non-steroid caudal epidural steroid injections for low back pain and sciatica: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial. Spine. 2009; 34:1441-1447
    • (2009) Spine , vol.34 , pp. 1441-1447
    • Sayegh, F.E.1    Kenanidis, E.I.2    Papavasiliou, K.A.3
  • 41
    • 41749102686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accuracy of intermittent fluoroscopy to detect intravascular injection during transforaminal epidural steroid injections
    • Smuck M, Fuller BJ, Choido A, et al. Accuracy of intermittent fluoroscopy to detect intravascular injection during transforaminal epidural steroid injections. Spine. 2008; 33:E205-10.
    • (2008) Spine , vol.33
    • Smuck, M.1    Fuller, B.J.2    Choido, A.3
  • 42
    • 0041562492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are fluoroscopic caudal epidural steroid injections effective for managing chronic low back pain?
    • Southern D, Lutz GE, Cooper G, et al. Are fluoroscopic caudal epidural steroid injections effective for managing chronic low back pain? Pain Physician. 2003; 6:167-172
    • (2003) Pain Physician. , vol.6 , pp. 167-172
    • Southern, D.1    Lutz, G.E.2    Cooper, G.3
  • 43
    • 61749085910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Injection therapy for subacute and chronic low back pain: An updated Cochrane review
    • Staal JB, de Bie RA, de Vet HC, et al. Injection therapy for subacute and chronic low back pain: an updated Cochrane review. Spine. 2009; 34:49-59.
    • (2009) Spine , vol.34 , pp. 49-59
    • Staal, J.B.1    De Bie, R.A.2    De Vet, H.C.3
  • 44
    • 0344897688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of transforaminal versusin terspinous corticosteroid injectionin discal radiculalgia v a prospective,randomised, double-blind study
    • Thomas E, Cyteval C, Abiad L, et al. Efficacy of transforaminal versusin terspinous corticosteroid injectionin discal radiculalgia V a prospective,randomised, double-blind study. Clin. Rheumatol. 2003; 22:299-304.
    • (2003) Clin. Rheumatol. , vol.22 , pp. 299-304
    • Thomas, E.1    Cyteval, C.2    Abiad, L.3
  • 45
    • 58249129548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vasovagal reactionsand other complications of cervical vs. lumbar translaminar epidural steroid injections
    • Trentman TL, Rosenfeld DM, Seamans DP, et al. Vasovagal reactionsand other complications of cervical vs. lumbar translaminar epidural steroid injections. Pain Pract. 2009; 9:59-64.
    • (2009) Pain Pract. , vol.9 , pp. 59-64
    • Trentman, T.L.1    Rosenfeld, D.M.2    Seamans, D.P.3
  • 46
    • 0036125988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transforaminal epidural steroid injections in lumbosacral radiculopathy: A prospective randomized study
    • Vad VB, Bhat AL, Lutz GE, et al. Transforaminal epidural steroid injections in lumbosacral radiculopathy: a prospective randomized study. Spine. 2002; 27:11-16
    • (2002) Spine , vol.27 , pp. 11-16
    • Vad, V.B.1    Bhat, A.L.2    Lutz, G.E.3
  • 47
    • 39449134299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluoroscopic analysis of lumbar epidural contrast spread after lumbar interlaminar injection
    • Weil L, Frauwirth NH, Amirdelfan K, et al. Fluoroscopic analysis of lumbar epidural contrast spread after lumbar interlaminar injection. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. 2008; 89:413-416
    • (2008) Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. , vol.89 , pp. 413-416
    • Weil, L.1    Frauwirth, N.H.2    Amirdelfan, K.3
  • 48
    • 34249109160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of needle tip position on injectate spread in 406 interlaminar lumbar epidural steroidinjections
    • Whitlock EL, Bridwell KH, Gilula LA. Influence of needle tip position on injectate spread in 406 interlaminar lumbar epidural steroidinjections. Radiology. 2007; 243:804-811
    • (2007) Radiology , vol.243 , pp. 804-811
    • Whitlock, E.L.1    Bridwell, K.H.2    Gilula, L.A.3
  • 49
    • 15844379144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidural steroid injectionfor nerve root compression. A randomised, controlled trial
    • Wilson-MacDonald J, Burt G, Griffin D, Glynn C. Epidural steroid injectionfor nerve root compression. A randomised, controlled trial. J. Bone Joint Surg. Br. 2005; 87:352-355
    • (2005) J. Bone Joint Surg. Br. , vol.87 , pp. 352-355
    • Wilson-Macdonald, J.1    Burt, G.2    Griffin, D.3    Glynn, C.4
  • 50
    • 67650330161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Paraplegia caused by an epidural hematoma in a patient with unrecognized idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura following an epidural steroid injection
    • Yoo HS, Park SW, Han JH, et al. Paraplegia caused by an epidural hematoma in a patient with unrecognized idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura following an epidural steroid injection. Spine. 2009; 34:E376-9.
    • (2009) Spine , vol.34
    • Yoo, H.S.1    Park, S.W.2    Han, J.H.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.