Human alteration of the global nitrogen and phosphorus soil balances for the period 1970-2050

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

Volumn 23, Issue 4, 2009, Pages

  Bouwman, A F ^a,b   Beusen, A H W ^a   Billen, G ^c  

^a PBL NETHERLANDS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AGENCY   (Netherlands)

^b WAGENINGEN UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

^c UNIVERSITÉ PIERRE ET MARIE CURIE   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AGRICULTURAL EFFICIENCY; AGRICULTURAL LAND USE; CHANGING CLIMATE; CURRENT LEVELS; ECOSYSTEM ASSESSMENT; ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS; LARGE PARTS; LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION; N BALANCE;

AGRICULTURE; CLIMATE CHANGE; DEVELOPING COUNTRIES; LAND USE; LEACHING; PHOSPHORUS;

SOILS;

AGRICULTURAL LAND; AMMONIA; CLIMATE CHANGE; CROP PRODUCTION; DEVELOPING WORLD; GRASSLAND; HUMAN ACTIVITY; LAND USE; LEACHING; LIVESTOCK FARMING; NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCY; PHOSPHORUS; SOIL NITROGEN;

EUROPE; NORTH AMERICA;

EID: 77950599937     PISSN: 08866236     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2009GB003576     Document Type: Article

References (69)

1. Alcamo, J., D. Van Vuuren, and W. Cramer (2006), Changes in ecosystem services and their drivers across the scenarios, in Ecosystems and Human Well-Being: Scenarios, edited by S. R. Carpenter et al., pp. 279-354, Island Press, Washington, D. C.
2. Balasubramanian, V., B. Alves, M. Aulakh, Z. Bekunda, L. Cai, D. Drinkwater, C. Mugendi, C. van. Kessel, and O. Oenema (2004), Crop, environmental, and management factors affecting nitrogen use efficiency, in Agriculture and the Nitrogen Cycle, edited by A. R, Mosier, J. K. Syers, and J. R. Freney, pp. 19-33, Island Press, Washington, D. C.
3. Bennett, E. M., S. R. Carpenter, and N. F. Caraco (2001), Human impact on erodable phosphorus and eutrophication: A global perspective, BioScience, 51, 227-234, doi:10.1641/0006-3568(2001)051[0227:HIOEPA]2.0. CO;2.
4. Bouwman, A, F., D. S. Lee, W. A. H. Asman, F. J. Dentener, K. W. Van der Hoek, and J. G. J. Olivier (1997), A global high-resolution emission inventory for ammonia, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 11, 561-587, doi:10.1029/97GB02266.
5. Bouwman, A. F., K. W. Van der Hoek, B. Eickhout, and I. Soenario (2005a), Exploring changes in world ruminant production systems, Agric. Syst., 84, 121-153, doi:110.1016 j.agsy 2004. 1005. 1006.
6. Bouwman, A. F., G. Van Drecht, and K. W. Van. der Hoek (2005b), Nitrogen, surface balances in intensive agricultural production systems in different world regions for the period 1970-2030, Pedosphere, 15, 137-155.
7. Bouwman, A. F., T. Kram, and K. Klein Goldewijk (Eds.) (2006), Integrated Modelling of Global Environmental Change. An Overview of IMAGE 2.4, 228 pp., Publ. 500110002/2006, Neth. Environ. Assess. Agency, Bilthoven, Netherlands.
8. Boyer, E. W, R. W. Howarth, J. N. Galloway, F. J. Dentener, C. Cleveland, G. P. Asner, P. Green, and C. Vörösmarty (2004), Current nitrogen inputs to world regions, in Agriculture and the Nitrogen Cycle. Assessing the Impacts of Fertilizer Use on Food Production and the Environment, edited by A. R. Mosier, J. K. Syers, and J. R. Freney, pp. 221-230, Island Press, Washington, D. C.
9. Brady, N. C. (1990), The Nature and Properties of Soils, Macmillan Publ., New York.
10. Bruinsma, J. E. (2003), World Agriculture: Towards 2015/2030. An FAO Perspective, 432 pp., Earthscan, London.
11. 2) fixation in natural ecosystems, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 13, 623-645, doi:10.1029/1999GB900014.
12. Cordell, D., J.-O. Drangen, and S. White (2009), The story of phosphorus: Global food security and food for thought, Glob. Environ. Change, 19, 292-305, doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha. 2008.10.009.
13. Crews, T. (1999), The presence of nitrogen fixing legumes in terrestrial communities: Evolutionary vs ecological considerations, Biogeochemistry, 46, 233-246.
14. Dentener, F., et al. (2006), The global atmospheric environment for the next generation, Environ. Sci. Technol., 40, 3586-3594, doi:10.1021/es0523845.
15. Diaz, R. J., and R. Rosenberg (2008), Spreading dead zones and consequences for marine ecosystems, Science, 321, 926-929, doi:910.1126/science. 1156401.
16. Dobermann, A., and K. G. Cassman (2005), Cereal area and nitrogen use efficiency are drivers of future nitrogen fertilizer consumption, Sci. China Ser. C Life Sci., 48, 745-758.
17. European Environment Agency (EEA) (2005), The European Environment. State and Outlook 2005, 576 pp., Eur. Environ. Agency, Copenhagen.
18. European Fertilizer Manufacturers Association. (EFMA) (2009), Forecast of Food, Farming and Fertilizer Use in the European Union 2008-2018, 15 pp., Eur. Fert. Manuf. Assoc, Brussels.
19. Fairhurst, T., R. Lefroy, E. Mutert, and N. Batjes (1999), The importance, distribution and causes of phosphorus deficiency as a constraint to crop production in the tropics, Agrofor. Forum, 9, 2-8.
20. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) (2008), FAOSTAT database collections, Food and Agric. Org. of the U. N., Rome. (Available at http://www.apps.fao.org)
21. Galloway, J. N., and E. B. Cowling (2002), Reactive nitrogen and the world: 200 years of change, Ambio, 31, 64-71.
22. Galloway, J. N., et al. (2004), Nitrogen cycles: Past, present, and future, Biogeochemistry, 70, 153-226, doi: 10.1007/s10533-004-0370-0.
23. Green, P., C. J. Vörösmarty, M. Meybeck, J. N. Galloway, B. J. Petersen, and E. W. Boyer (2004), Pre-industrial and contemporary fluxes of nitrogen through rivers: A. global assessment based on typology, Biogeochemistry, 68, 71-105, doi:10.1023/B:BIOG.0000025742.82155.92. (Pubitemid 38982916)
24. Grübler, A., M. Jefferson, A. McDonald, S. Messner, N. Nakichenovich, H.-H. Rogner, and L. Schratzenholzer (1995), Global Energy Perspectives to 2050 and Beyond, World Energy Counc./Int. Inst. for Appl. Syst. Anal., Laxenburg, Austria.
25. Herring, J. R., and R. J. Fantel (1993), Phosphate rock demand into the next century: Impact on world food supply, Nat. Resour. Res., 2, 226-246, doi: 10.1007/BF02257917.
26. Howarth, R. W., et al. (1996), Regional nitrogen budgets and riverine N and P fluxes of the drainages to the North Atlantic Ocean: Natural and human influences, Biogeochemistry, 35, 2235-2240.
27. International Fertilizer Industry Association/International Fertilizer Development Center/Food and Agriculture Organization (IFA/IFDC/FAO) (2003), Fertilizer Use by Crop, 5th ed., Food and. Agric. Org. of the U. N., Rome.
28. Janssen, B. H., and O. Oenema (2008), Global economics of nutrient cycling, Turk. J. Agric. For., 32, 165-176.
29. Langergraber, G., and E. Muelleggera (2005), Ecological sanitation: Away to solve global sanitation problems?, Environ. Int., 31, 433-444, doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2004.08.006. (Pubitemid 40289172)
30. x emissions and their uncertainties, Atmos. Environ., 31, 1735-1749, doi:10.1016/S1352-2310(96)00327-5.
31. Liu, Y. (2006), The Human Intensified Global Phosphorus Flows and Environmental Impacts, 25 pp., Int. Inst. for Appl. Syst. Anal., Laxenburg, Austria.
32. Mackenzie, F. X, L. M, Ver, and A, Lerman (1998), Coupled biogeochemical cycles of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur in the land-ocean, atmosphere system, in Asian Change in the Context of Global Climate Change, edited by J. N. Galloway and J. M. Melillo, pp. 42-100, Cambridge Univ. Press, New York.
33. Mackenzie, F. T., L. M. Ver, and A. Lerman (2002), Century-scale nitrogen, and phosphorus controls of the carbon cycle, Chem. Geol., 190, 13-32, doi: 10.1016/S0009-2541(02)00108-0. (Pubitemid 35337557)
34. Meybeck, M. (1982), Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus transport by world rivers, Am. J. Sci., 282, 401-450. (Pubitemid 12083513)
35. Midwest Plan Service (1985), Livestock Waste Facilities Handbook, 2nd ed., Iowa State Univ., Ames, Iowa.
36. 2O budget: Nitrous oxide emissions through the agricultural nitrogen cycle, Nutr. Cycl. Agroecosyst., 52, 225-248, doi:10.1023/A:1009740530221.
37. Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) (2008), Environmental performance of agriculture in. OECD countries since 1990, 575 pp., Org. for Econ. Co-op. and Dev. Environ. Dir., OECD, Paris.
38. Peoples, M. B., J. R. Freney, and A. R. Mosier (1995), Minimizing gaseous losses of nitrogen, in Nitrogen Fertilization and the Environment, edited by P. E. Bacon, pp. 565-602, Marcel. Dekker, New York.
39. Prentice, I. C., W. Cramer, S. Harrison, R. Leemans, R. A. Monserud, and A. M. Solomon. (1992), A global biome model based on plant physiology and dominance, soil properties and climate, J. Biogeogr., 19, 117-134, doi.:10.2307/2845499.
40. Purves, W. K., D. Sadava, G. H. Orions, and C. Heller (2004), Life. The Science of Biology, 7th ed., 1121 pp., Sinauer Assoc. and W. H. Freeman, Sunderland, Mass.
41. Rabalais, N. N. (2002), Nitrogen in aquatic ecosystems, AmHo, 31, 102-112.
42. Ruttenberg, K. C. (2005), The global phosphorus cycle, in Biogeochemistry, edited by W. H. Schlesinger, H. D. Holland, and K. K. Turekian, pp. 585-593, Elsevier Sci. and Technol., Amsterdam.
43. Sanchez, P. A. (1976), Properties and Management of Soils in the Tropics, Wiley Intersci. Publ., New York.
44. Seitzinger, S. P., J. A. Harrison, E. Dumont, A. H. W. Beusen, and A. F. Bouwman (2005), Sources and delivery of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus to the coastal zone: An overview of Global NEWS models and their application, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 19, GB4S01, doi: 10.1029/2005GB002606.
45. Seitzinger, S. P., E. Mayorga, A. F. Bouwman, C. Kroeze, A. H. W. Beusen, G. Van. Drecht, E. Dumont, B. M. Fekete, J. Gamier, and J. A. Harrison (2009), Global river nutrient export: A scenario analysis of past and future trends, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, doi:10.1029/2009GB003587, in press.
46. Seré, C., and H. Steinfeld (1996), World Livestock Production Systems. Current Status, Issues and Trends, 83 pp., Food and Agric. Org. of the U. N., Rome.
47. Sheldrick, W., J. K. Syers, and J. Lingard (2003), Contribution of livestock excreta to nutrient balances, Nutr. Cycl. Agroecosyst., 66, 119-131, doi:10.1023/A:1023944131188. (Pubitemid 36738138)
48. Siebert, S. (2005), Global-scale modeling of nitrogen balances at the soil surface, Frankfurt Hydrol. Pap., 2, 35 pp., Inst. of Phys. Geogr., Frankfurt Univ., Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
49. Smil, V. (1999), Nitrogen in crop production: An account of global flows, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 13, 647-662, doi:10.1029/1999GB900015.
50. Smil, V. (2000), Phosphorus in the environment: Natural flows and human interferences, Annu. Rev. Energy Environ., 25, 25-53.
51. Smith, L. W. (1991), Production systems, in Handbook of Animal Science, edited by P. A. Putnam, pp. 280-291, Academic, San Diego, Calif.
52. Steen, I. (1998), Phosphorus availability in the 21st century. Management of a non-renewable recource, Phosphorus Potassium J., 217, 25-31. (Available at http://www.nhm.ac.uk/mineralogy/phos/p&k217/steen.htm)
53. Syers, J. K., A. A. Johnston, and D. Curtin (2008), Efficiency of Soil and Fertilizer Phosphorus Use. Reconciling Changing Concepta of Soil Phosphorus Behaviour With Agronomic Information, 11.0 pp., Food and Agric. Org. of the U. N., Rome.
54. Tiessen, H. (1995), Phosphorus in the Global Environment: Transfers, Cycles and Management, 452 pp., Wiley, Chichester, U. K.
55. Turner, R. E., N. N. Rabalais, D. Justic, and Q. Dortch (2003), Global patterns of dissolved N, P and Si in large rivers, Biogeochemistry, 64, 297-31.7, doi:10.1023/A:1024960007569.
56. United States Geological Survey (2008), Mineral Commodity Summaries 2008, 199 pp., U.S. Geol. Survey., Reston, Va. (Available at http://minerals. usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/mcs/)
57. Van der Hoek, K. W. (1998), Nitrogen efficiency in global animal production, in Nitrogen, the Confer-N-s, edited by K. W. Van der Hoek et al., pp. 127-132, Elsevier, Amsterdam.
58. Van der Hoek, K. W. (2001), Nitrogen efficiency in agriculture in Europe and India, in Optimizing Nitrogen Management in Food and Energy Production and Environmental Protection, edited by J. M. Galloway et al., pp. 148-154, Balkema Publ., Lisse, Netherlands.
59. Van Drecht, G., A. F. Bouwman, J. M. Knoop, A. H. W. Beusen, and C. R. Meinardi (2003), Global modeling of the fate of nitrogen from point and nonpoint sources in soils, groundwater and surface water, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 17(4), 1115, doi:10.1029/2003GB002060.
60. Van Drecht, G., A. F. Bouwman, E. W. Boyer, P. Green, and S. Siebert (2005), A comparison of global spatial distributions of nitrogen inputs for nonpoint sources and effects on river nitrogen export, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 19, GB4S06, doi:10.1029/2005GB002454.
61. Van Drecht, G., A. F. Bouwman, J. Harrison, and J. M. Knoop (2009), Global nitrogen and phosphate in urban wastewater for the period 1970 to 2050, Global Biogeochem. Cvcles, 23, GB0A03, doi:10.1029/2009GB003458.
62. Van Horn, H. H., G. L. Newton, and W. E. Kunkle (1996), Ruminant nutrition from an environmental perspective: Factors affecting wholefarm nutrient balance, J. Animal Sci., 74, 3082-3102.
63. Vitousek, P. M. (1984), Litterfall, nutrient cycling and nutrient limitation in tropical forests, Ecology, 65, 285-298, doi:10.2307/1939481.
64. Vitousek, P. M., et al. (2002a), Towards an ecological understanding of biological, nitrogen fixation, Biogeochemistry, 57, 1-45, doi:10.1023/A: 1015798428743.
65. Vitousek, P. M., S. Hättenschwiler, L. Olander, and S. Allison (2002b), Nitrogen and nature, Ambio, 31, 97-101.
66. Vollenweider, R. A. (1992), Coastal marine eutrophication: Principles and control, in Marine Coastal Eutrophication, edited by R. A. Vollenweider et al., pp. 1-20, Elsevier, Amsterdam.
67. Vollenweider, R. A., R. Marchetti, and R. Viviani (Eds.) (1992), Marine Coastal Eutrophication, 1310 pp., Elsevier, Amsterdam.
68. Wilkerson, V. A., D. R. Mertens, and D. P. Casper (1997), Prediction of excretion of manure and nitrogen by Holstein dairy cattle, J. Dairy Sci., 80, 3193-3204.
69. Zhu, Z. L., and D. L. Chen (2002), Nitrogen fertilizer use in. China: Contributions to food production, impacts on the environment and best management strategies, Nutr. Cycl. Agroecosyst., 63, 117-127, doi:10.1023/A:1021107026067.