A 35 ka pollen and isotope record of environmental change along the southern margin of the Kalahari from a stalagmite and animal dung deposits in Wonderwerk Cave, South Africa

Journal of Arid Environments

Volumn 74, Issue 7, 2010, Pages 870-884

  Brook, G A ^a   Scott, L ^b   Railsback, L B ^a   Goddard, E A ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF THE FREE STATE   (South Africa)

^c UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE; MANURE; PALEOBOTANY; PALEOCLIMATE; PALEOENVIRONMENT; PALEOTEMPERATURE; PALYNOLOGY; PLEISTOCENE; SPELEOTHEM; STALAGMITE; VEGETATION HISTORY;

NORTHERN CAPE; SOUTH AFRICA; WONDERWERK CAVE;

ANIMALIA;

EID: 77950021136     PISSN: 01401963     EISSN: 1095922X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2009.11.006     Document Type: Article

References (83)

1. Al-Aasm I.S., Taylor B.E., and South B. Stable isotope analysis of multiple carbonate samples using selective acid extraction. Chemical Geology 80 (1990) 119-125
2. Alley R.B. GISP2 Ice Core Temperature and Accumulation Data. IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series #2004-013 (2004), NOAA/NGDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO
3. Araguas-Araguas L., Froehlich K., and Rozanski K. Stable isotope composition of precipitation over southeast Asia. Journal of Geophysical Research, Atmospheres 103 D22 (1998) 28721-28742
4. Bard E. North-Atlantic sea surface temperature reconstruction, IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Data Contribution Series 2003-026 (2003), NOAA/NGDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder, CO
5. Bastin B. L'analyse pollinique des stalagmites: une nouvell possibilite d'approche des fluctuations climatiques du Quaternaire. Annales de la Societé Géologique de Belgique 101 (1978) 13-19
6. Bastin B., Dupuis C.A., and Quinif Y. Étude microstratigraphique et palynologique d'une croûte stalagmitique de la Grotte de la Vilaine Source (Arbre, Belgique): Méthodologie et résultats. Revue Belgique Géographie Physique et Quaternaire 106 (1982) 109-120
7. 14C de concrétions stalagmitiques Holocénes: apports complémentaires des deux méthods. Géographie Physique et Quaternaire 40 (1986) 185-196
8. Beaumont P.B., and Vogel J.C. On a timescale for the past million years of human history in central South Africa. South African Journal of Science 102 (2006) 217-228
9. Beaumont P.B., van Zinderen Bakker E.M., and Vogel J.C. Environmental changes since 32 000 BP at Kathu Pan, northern Cape. In: Vogel J.C. (Ed). Late Cainozoic Palaeoclimates of the Southern Hemisphere (1984), Balkema, Rotterdam 329-338
10. Bond G.C., and Lotti R. Iceberg discharges into the North Atlantic on millennial time scales during the last glaciation. Science 267 (1995) 1005-1010
11. Brook G.A. Arid zone paleoenvironmental records from cave speleothems. In: Singhvi A.K., and Derbyshire E. (Eds). Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction in Arid Lands (1999), Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi 217-262
12. Brook G.A., and Nickmann R.J. Evidence of late Quaternary environments in northwestern Georgia from sediments preserved in Red Spider Cave. Physical Geography 17 5 (1996) 465-484
13. Brook G.A., Keferl E.P., and Nickmann R.J. Paleoenvironmental data for N.W. Georgia, U.S.A., from fossils in cave speleothems. International Journal of Speleology 16 3-4 (1987) 69-78
14. Brook G.A., Burney D.A., and Cowart J.B. Paleoenvironmental data for Ituri, Zaire, from sediments in Matupi Cave, Mt. Hoyo. In: Boaz N.T. (Ed). Evolution of Environments and Hominidae in the African Western Rift Valley (1990), Virginia Museum of Natural History 49-70 Memoir 1
15. Brook G.A., Burney D.A., and Cowart J.B. Desert palaeoenvironmental data from cave speleothems with examples from the Chihuahuan, Somali-Chalbi, and Kalahari deserts. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 76 (1990) 311-329
16. Brook G.A., Ellwood B.B., Railsback L.B., and Cowart J.B. A 164 ka record of environmental change in the American Southwest from a Carlsbad Cavern speleothem. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 237 (2006) 483-507
17. Burney D.A., and Burney L.P. Modern pollen deposition in cave sites: experimental results from New York State. New Phytologist 124 (1993) 523-535
18. Burney D.A., Brook G.A., and Cowart J.B. A Holocene pollen record for the Kalahari Desert of Botswana from a speleothem in Drotsky's Cave. The Holocene 4 3 (1994) 225-232
19. Butzer K.W. Archaeogeology and Quaternary environment in the interior of southern Africa. In: Klein R.G. (Ed). Southern African Prehistory and Palaeoenvironments (1984), Balkema, Rotterdam 1-64
20. Butzer K.W. Late Quaternary environments in South Africa. In: Vogel J.C. (Ed). Late Cainozoic Palaeoclimates of the Southern Hemisphere (1984), Balkema, Rotterdam 235-264
21. Butzer K.W., Fock G.J., Stuckenrath R., and Zilch A. Palaeohydrology of late Pleistocene Lake Alexandersfontein, Kimberley, South Africa. Nature 243 (1978) 328-331
22. Cabrol P., and Coudray J. Climatic fluctuations influence the genesis and diagenesis of carbonate speleothems in southwestern France. National Speleological Society Bulletin 44 (1982) 112-117
23. Carrión J.S., and Scott L. The challenge of pollen analysis in palaeoenvironmental studies of hominid beds: the record from Sterkfontein Caves. Journal of Human Evolution 36 (1999) 401-408
24. Caseldine C.J., McGarry S.F., Baker A., Hawkesworth C.A., and Smart P.L. Late Quaternary speleothem pollen in the British Isles. Journal of Quaternary Science 23 (2007) 193-200
25. Cerling T.E. The stable isotopic composition of modern soil carbonate and its relationship to climate. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 71 (1984) 229-240
26. Chase B.M., and Meadows M.E. Late Quaternary dynamics of southern Africa's winter-rainfall zone. Earth-Science Reviews 84 (2007) 103-138
27. Chazan M., Ron H., Matmon A., Porat N., Goldberg P., Yates R., Avery M., Sumner A., and Horwitz L.K. Radiometric dating of the Earlier Stone Age sequence in excavation I at Wonderwerk Cave, South Africa: preliminary results. Journal of Human Evolution 55 (2008) 1-11
28. deMenocal P., Ortiz J., Guilderson T., and Sarnthein M. Coherent high- and low-latitude climate variability during the Holocene warm period. Science 288 (2000) 2198-2202
29. Denniston R.F., Gonzalez L.A., Asmeron Y., Sharma R.H., and Reagan M.K. Speleothem evidence for changes in Indian summer monsoon precipitation over the last ∼2300 years. Quaternary Research 53 2 (2000) 196-202
30. Diaz H.F., and Kiladis G.N. Atmospheric teleconnections associated with the extreme phases of the Southern Oscillation. In: Diaz H.F., and Markgraf V. (Eds). El Nino: Historical and Paleoclimatic Aspects of the Southern Oscillation (1992), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 7-28
31. 14C dates on pristine corals. Quaternary Science Reviews 24 (2005) 1781-1796
32. Fleitmann D., Bruns S.J., Mudelsee M., Neff U., Kramers J., Mangini A., and Matter A. Holocene forcing of the Indian monsoon recorded in a stalagmite from southern Oman. Science 300 (2003) 1737-1739
33. Gonfiantini R., Roche M.A., Olivry J.C., Fontes J.C., and Zuppi G.M. The altitude effect on the isotopic composition of tropical rains. Chemical Geology 181 1-4 (2001) 147-167
34. Hemming S.R. Heinrich events: massive late Pleistocene detritus layers of the North Atlantic and their global climate imprint. Reviews of Geophysics 42 1 (2004) 1-43 (RG1005, doi:10.1029/2003RG000128)
35. Hill C.A., and Forti P. Cave Minerals of the World. second ed. (1997), National Speleological Society, Huntsville 463 p
36. Hodell D.A., Kanfoush S.L., Shemesh A., Crosta X., Charles C.D., and Guilderson T.P. Abrupt cooling of Antarctic surface waters and sea ice expansion in the South Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean at 5 000 cal yr B.P. Quaternary Research 56 (2001) 191-198
37. Holmgren K., Lee-Thorp J.A., Cooper G.R.J., Lundblad K., Partridge T.C., Scott L., Sithaldeen R., Talma A.S., and Tyson P.D. Persistent millennial-scale climatic variability over the past 25,000 years in Southern Africa. Quaternary Science Reviews 22 (2003) 2311-2326
38. In: Kent L.E. (Ed). Stratigraphy of South Africa 8 (1980), Part I. Geological Survey of South Africa Handbook 1-690
39. Kerwin M., Overpeck J.T., Webb R.S., DeVernal A., Rind D.H., and Healy R.J. The role of oceanic forcing in mid-Holocene northern hemisphere climatic change. Paleoceanography 14 (1999) 200-210
40. Lachniet M.S., and Patterson W.P. Use of correlation and stepwise regression to evaluate physical controls on the stable isotope values of Panamanian rain and surface waters. Journal of Hydrology 324 1-4 (2006) 115-140
41. Lee-Thorp J.A., and Beaumont P.B. Environmental shifts in the last 20 000 years: isotopic evidence from Equus Cave. South African Journal of Science 86 (1990) 452-453
42. Lee-Thorp J.A., and Beaumont P.B. Vegetation and seasonality shifts during the late Quaternary deduced from 13C/12C ratios of grazers at Equus Cave, South Africa. Quaternary Research 43 (1995) 426-432
43. McCormac F.G., Hogg A.G., Blackwell P.G., Buck C.E., Higham T.F.G., and Reimer P.J. SHCal04 Southern Hemisphere Calibration 0-11.0 cal kyr BP. Radiocarbon 46 (2004) 1087-1092
44. McCrea J.M. The isotopic geochemistry of carbonates and a paleotemperature scale. Journal of Chemistry and Physics 18 (1950) 849-857
45. McDermott F. Palaeo-climate reconstruction from stable isotope variations in speleothems: a review. Quaternary Science Reviews 23 (2004) 901-918
46. Monger H.C., Cole D.R., Gish J.W., and Giordano T.H. Stable carbon and oxygen isotopes in Quaternary soil carbonates as indicators of ecogeomorphic changes in the northern Chihuahuan Desert, USA. Geoderma 82 (1998) 137-172
47. Moy C.M., Seltzer G.O., Rodbell D.T., and Anderson D.M. Variability of El Niňo/Southern Oscillation activity at millennial timescales during the Holocene epoch. Nature 420 (2002) 162-165
48. In: Mucina L., and Rutherford M.C. (Eds). The Vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. Strelitzia 19 (2006), South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria
49. Murray J.W. The deposition of calcite and aragonite in caves. Journal of Geology 62 (1954) 481-492
50. Njitchoua R., Sigha-Nkamdjou L., Dever L., Marlin C., Sighomnou D., and Nia P. Variations of the stable isotopic compositions of rainfall events from the Cameroon rain forest, Central Africa. Journal of Hydrology 223 1-2 (1999) 17-26
51. Norström E., Scott L., Partridge T.C., Risberg J., and Holmgren K. Reconstruction of environmental and climate changes at Braamhoek wetland, eastern escarpment, South Africa, during the last 16 000 years with emphasis on the Pleistocene-Holocene transition. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 271 (2009) 240-258
52. Partin J.W., Cobb K.M., and Banner J.L. Climate variability recorded in tropical and sub-tropical speleothems. PAGES News 16 3 (2008) 9-10
53. Pobeguin T. Sur les concretions calcaires observées dans la Grotte de Moulis (Ariège). Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Scéances de l'Académie des Sciences 241 (1955) 1791-1793
54. Quade J. Isotopic records from ground-water and cave speleothem calcite in North America. In: Gillespie A., Porter S.C., and Atwater B.F. (Eds). Developments in Quaternary Science vol. 1 (2004), Elsevier Science, New York 205-219
55. Railsback L.B., Dabous A.A., Osmond J.K., and Fleisher C.J. Petrographic and geochemical screening of speleothems for U-series dating: an example from recrystallized speleothems from Wadi Sannur Cavern, Egypt. Journal of Cave and Karst Studies 64 (2002) 108-116
56. Ramsey C.B. Radiocarbon calibration and analysis of stratigraphy: The OxCal Program. Radiocarbon 37 2 (1995) 425-430
57. Ramsey C.B. Development of the radiocarbon program OxCal. Radiocarbon 43 2A (2001) 355-363
58. Ramsey C.B. Bayesian analysis of radiocarbon dates. Radiocarbon 51 1 (2009) 337-360
59. Reams M.W. Deposition of calcite, aragonite, and clastic sediments in a Missouri cave during four and one-half years. National Speleological Society Bulletin 34 (1972) 137-141
60. Reimer P.J., Baillie M.G.L., Bard E., Bayliss A., Beck J.W., Bertrand C.J.H., Blackwell P.G., Buck C.E., Burr G.S., Cutler K.B., Damon P.E., Edwards R.L., Fairbanks R.G., Friedrich M., Guilderson T.P., Hogg A.G., Hughen K.A., Kromer B., McCormac G., Manning S., Bronk Ramsey C., Reimer R.W., Remmele S., Southon J.R., Stuiver M., Talamo S., Taylor F.W., van der Plicht J., and Weyhenmeyer C.E. IntCal04 terrestrial radiocarbon age calibration, 0-26 cal kyr BP. Radiocarbon 46 3 (2004) 1029-1058
61. Rietti-Shati M., Yam R., Karlen W., and Shemesh A. Stable isotope composition of tropical high-altitude fresh-waters on Mt. Kenya, Equatorial East Africa. Chemical Geology 166 3-4 (2000) 341-350
62. Ropelewski C.F., and Halpert M.S. Global and regional scale precipitation patterns associated with El Nino/Southern Oscillation. Monthly Weather Review 115 (1987) 1606-1626
63. Rutherford M.C. Categorization of biomes. In: Cowling R.M., Richardson D.M., and Pierce S.M. (Eds). The Vegetation of Southern Africa (1997), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 91-98
64. Schulze B.R. Climate of South Africa, Part 8: General Survey. fifth ed. WB 28 (1984), South African Weather Bureau, Pretoria 330 pp.
65. Scott L. A Late Quaternary pollen record from the Transvaal bushveld, South Africa. Quaternary Research 17 (1982) 339-370
66. Scott L. Pollen analysis of hyena coprolites and sediments from Equus Cave, Taung, southern Kalahari (S. Africa). Quaternary Research 28 (1987) 144-156
67. Scott L. Climatic conditions in southern Africa since the last glacial maximum, inferred from pollen analysis. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 70 (1989) 345-353
68. Scott L. The vegetation history and climate in the Savanna Biome, South Africa, since 190 000 ka: a comparison of pollen data from the Tswaing Crater (the Pretoria Saltpan) and Wonderkrater. Quaternary International 57-58 (1999) 215-223
69. Scott L., and Bonnefille R. A search for pollen from the hominid deposits of Kromdraai, Sterkfontein and Swartkrans: some problems and preliminary results. South African Journal of Science 8 (1986) 380-382
70. Scott L., and Thackeray J.F. Multivariate analysis of late Pleistocene and Holocene pollen spectra from Wonderkrater, Transvaal, South Africa. South African Journal of Science 83 (1987) 93-98
71. Scott L., Steenkamp M., and Beaumont P.B. Palaeoenvironmental conditions in South Africa at the Pleistocene-Holocene transition. Quaternary Science Reviews (Global Younger Dryas Issue) 14 9 (1995) 937-947
72. Scott L., Holmgren K., Talma A.S., Woodborne S., and Vogel J.C. Age interpretation of the Wonderkrater spring sediments and vegetation change in the savanna biome, Limpopo Province, South Africa. South African Journal of Science 99 (2003) 484-488
73. Siegel F.R. Aspects of calcium carbonate deposition in Great Onyx Cave, Kentucky. Sedimentology 4 (1965) 285-299
74. Siegel F.R., and Dort Jr. W. Calcite-aragonite speleothems from a hand-dug cave in northeast Kansas. International Journal of Speleology 2 (1966) 165-169
75. Talma A.S., and Vogel J.C. Late Quaternary palaeotemperatures derived from a speleothem from Cango Caves, Cape Province, South Africa. Quaternary Research 37 (1992) 203-213
76. Telfer M.W., and Thomas D.S.G. Late Quaternary linear dune accumulation and chronostratigraphy of the southwestern Kalahari: implications for aeolian palaeoclimatic reconstructions and predictions of future dynamics. Quaternary Science Reviews 26 (2007) 2617-2630
77. Thrailkill J. Carbonate deposition in Carlsbad Caverns. Journal of Geology 79 (1971) 683-695
78. van Zinderen Bakker E.M. Pollen analytical studies of the Wonderwerk Cave, South Africa. Pollen et Spores 24 (1982) 235-350
79. Vidal L., Schneider R.R., Marchal O., Bickert T., Stocker T.F., and Wefer G. Link between the North and South Atlantic during the Heinrich events of the last glacial period. Climate Dynamics 15 12 (1999) 909-919
80. Vogel J.C., Fuls A., and Ellis R.P. The geographical distribution of kranz grasses in South Africa. South African Journal of Science 74 (1978) 209-215
81. Vuille M., and Werner M. Stable isotopes in precipitation recording South American summer monsoon and ENSO variability: observations and model results. Climate Dynamics 25 4 (2005) 401-413
82. Wang Y.J., Cheng H., Edwards R.L., Kong X., Shao X., Chen S., Wu J., Jiang X., Wang X., and An Z. Millennial- and orbital-scale changes in the East Asian monsoon over the past 224,000 years. Nature 451 (2008) 1090-1093
83. Webster J.W., Brook G.A., Railsback L.B., Cheng H., Edwards R.L., Alexander C., and Reeder P.P. Stalagmite evidence from Belize indicating significant droughts at the time of Preclassic Abandonment, the Maya Hiatus, and the Classic Maya Collapse. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 250 (2007) 1-17