Editorial: Long-term aspirin for coronary artery disease: Are we being deceived by a biased presentation of the evidence?

Future Cardiology

Volumn 6, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 141-146

  Cleland, John GF ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HULL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; PLACEBO; ANTITHROMBOCYTIC AGENT;

CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; DRUG WITHDRAWAL; EDITORIAL; EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE; HEART INFARCTION; HUMAN; LONG TERM CARE; LOW DRUG DOSE; MORTALITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); DRUG INDUSTRY; ECONOMICS;

ASPIRIN; CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; DRUG INDUSTRY; HUMANS; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; PLATELET AGGREGATION INHIBITORS;

EID: 77949600580     PISSN: 14796678     EISSN: 17448298     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2217/fca.10.7     Document Type: Editorial

References (51)

1. Baigent C, Blackwell L, Collins R et al.: Aspirin in the primary and secondary prevention of vascular disease: collaborative meta-analysis of individual participant data from randomised trials. Lancet 373(9678), 1849-1860 (2009).
2. Cleland JGF, Coletta AP, Yassin A, Buga L, Torabi A, Clark AL: Clinical trials update from the European Society of Cardiology Meeting 2009: AAA, RELY, PROTECT, ACTIVE-I, European CRT Survey, German pre-SCD II Registry and MADIT-CRT. Eur. J. Heart Fail. 11(12), 1214-1219 (2009).
3. Belch J, MacCuish A, Campbell I et al.: The Prevention of Progression of Arterial Disease and Diabetes (POPADAD) trial: factorial randomised placebo controlled trial of aspirin and antioxidants in patients with diabetes and asymptomatic peripheral arterial disease. BMJ 337, 1840-1850 (2008).
4. Ogawa H, Nakayama M, Morimoto T et al.: Low-dose aspirin for primary prevention of atherosclerotic events in patients with Type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 301(18), 1882 (2008).
5. Pulmonary Embolism Prevention (PEP) Trial Collaborative Group: Prevention of pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis with low dose aspirin: Pulmonary Embolism Prevention (PEP) trial. Lancet 355(9212), 1295-1302 (2000).
6. Cleland JGF: For debate: preventing atherosclerotic events with aspirin. BMJ 324(7329), 103-105 (2002).
7. Steering Committee of Physicians Health Study Group: Final report on the aspirin component of the ongoing Physician's Health Study. N. Engl. J. Med. 321, 129-135 (1989).
8. Hansson L, Zanchetti A, Carruthers SG et al.: Effect of intensive blood pressure lowering and low-dose aspirin in patients with hypertension: principal results of the Hypertension Optimal Treatment (HOT) randomised trial. Lancet 351, 1755-1762 (1998).
9. Cleland JG: Time for a proper study of aspirin after a vascular event? BMJ 337, A2583 (2008).
10. Dickstein K, Cohen-Solal A, Filippatos G et al.: ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2008: the Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute and Chronic Heart Failure 2008 of the European Society of Cardiology. Developed in collaboration with the Heart Failure Association of the ESC (HFA) and endorsed by the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM). Eur. Heart J. 29(19), 2388-2442 (2008).
11. Hunt SA, Abraham WT, Chin MH et al.: ACC/AHA 2005 guideline update for the diagnosis and management of chronic heart failure in the adult: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on practice guidelines. Circulation 112, 154-235 (2005).
12. Wald NJ, Wald DS: The polypill concept. Heart 96(1), 1-4 (210).
13. Knottenbelt C, Brennan PJ, Meade TW; for the MRC General Practice Research Framework: Antithrombotic treatment and the incidence of angina pectoris. Ann. Intern. Med. 162, 881-886 (2002).
14. Ranke C, Hecker H, Creutzig A, Alexander K: Dose-dependent effect of aspirin on carotid atherosclerosis. Circulation 87(6), 1873-1879 (1993).
15. Randomised trial of intravenous streptokinase, oral aspirin, both, or neither among 17,187 cases of suspected acute myocardial infarction. ISIS-2 Collaborative group. Lancet II, 349-360 (1988).
16. Lewis HD, Davis JW, Archibald DG et al.: Protective effects of aspirin against acute mycardial infarction and death in men with unstable angina. N. Engl. J. Med. 309, 396-403 (1983).
17. Randomised trial of intravenous atenolol among 16,027 cases of suspected acute myocardial infarction: ISIS -1. First International Study of Infarct Survival Collaborative group. Lancet 2(8498), 57-66 (1986).
18. Antithrombotic Trialists' Collaboration: Collaborative meta-analysis of randomised trials of antiplatelet therapy for the prevention of death, myocardial infarction and stroke in high risk patients. BMJ 324, 71-86 (2002).
19. Aspirin Myocardial Infarction Study Research Group: A randomised, controlled trial of aspirin in persons recovered from myocardial infarction. JAMA 243, 661-668 (1980).
20. Elwood PC, Sweetnam PM: Aspirin and secondary prevention after myocardial infarction. Lancet II, 1313-1315 (1979).
21. Klimt CR, Knatterud GL, Stamler J, Meier P: Persantine-Aspirin Reinfarction Study. Part II. Secondary coronary prevention with persantine and aspirin. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 7, 251-269 (1986).
22. The Persantine-Aspirin Reinfarction Study (PARIS) Research Group: Persantine and aspirin in coronary heart disease. Circulation 62, 449-462 (1980).
23. Goldman S, Copeland J, Moritz T et al.: Long-term graft patency (3 years) after coronary artery surgery. Effects of aspirin: results of a VA Cooperative study. Circulation 89(3), 1138-1143 (1994).
24. Goldman S, Zadina K, Moritz T et al.: Long-term patency of saphenous vein and left internal mammary artery grafts after coronary artery bypass surgery: results from a Department of Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 44(11), 2149-2156 (2004).
25. Zarling EJ, Sexton H, Milnor P Jr: Failure to diagnose acute myocardial infarction. The clinicopathologic experience at a large community hospital. JAMA 250(9), 1177-1181 (1983).
26. Canto JG, Rogers WJ, Frederick PD, Lambrew CT: One-third of MI patients present to hospital without chest pain, and are at increased risk for in-hospital mortality. JAMA 283, 3223-3229 (2000).
27. Canto JG, Shlipak MG, Rogers WJ et al.: Prevalence, clinical characteristics and mortality among patients with myocardial infarction presenting without chest pain. JAMA 283(24), 3223-3229 (2000).
28. Kannel WB, Abbott RD: Incidence and prognosis of unrecognised myocardial infarction: an update on the Framingham Study. N. Engl. J. Med. 311, 1144-1147 (1984).
29. Greenberg HM, Dwyer EM Jr, Hochman JS, Steinberg JS, Echt DS, Peters RW: Interaction of ischaemia and encainide/flecainide treatment: a proposed mechanism for the increased mortality in CAST I. Br. Heart J. 74(6), 631-635 (1995).
30. Dormandy JA, Charbonnel B, Eckland DJA et al.: Secondary prevention of macrovascular events in patients with Type 2 diabetes in the Proactive Study (Prospective Pioglitazone Clinical Trial in Macrovascular Events): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 366, 1279-1289 (2005).
31. Steering Committee of the Physicians' Health Study Research Group: Final report on the aspirin component of the Ongoing Physicians' Health Study. N. Engl. J. Med. 321(3), 129-135 (1989).
32. Young FE, Nightingale SL, Temple RA: The preliminary report of the findings of the aspirin component of the ongoing Physicians' Health Study. The FDA perspective on aspirin for the primary prevention of myocardial infarction. JAMA 259(21), 3158-3160 (1988).
33. Findings from the aspirin component of the ongoing Physicians' Health Study. N. Engl. J. Med. 318(4), 262-264 (1988).
34. Nelson MR, Liew DL, Bertram M, Vos T: Epidemiological modelling of routine use of low dose aspirin for the primary prevention of coronary heart disease and stroke in those aged 70. BMJ 330(7503), 1306 (2005).
35. Faulkner G, Prichard P, Somerville K, Langman MJS: Aspirin and bleeding peptic ulcers in the elderly. Br. Med. J. 297, 1311-1313 (1988).
36. Weil J, Langman MJS, Wainwright P et al.: Peptic ulcer bleeding: accessory risk factors and interactions with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Gut 46, 27-31 (2000).
37. de Silva R, Rigby AS, Witte KKA et al.: Anemia, renal dysfunction and their interaction in patients with chronic heart failure. Am. J. Cardiol. 98(3), 391-398 (2006).
38. Anker SD, Steinborn W: Definition, type, frequency and prognostic impact of anaemia in chronic heart failure. Eur. J. Heart Fail. Suppl. 2, 217-220 (2003).
39. Cleland JGF, Findlay I, Jafri S et al.: The Warfarin/Aspirin Study in Heart Failure (WASH): a randomized trial comparing antithrombotic strategies for patients with heart failure. Am. Heart J. 148, 157-164 (2004).
40. Massie B, Collins JF, Ammon SE et al.: Randomized trial of warfarin, aspirin and clopidogrel in patients with chronic heart failure. The Warfarin and Antiplatelet Therapy in Chronic Heart Failure (WATCH) trial. Circulation 119(12), 1616-1624 (2009).
41. de Silva R, Nikitin NP, Witte KK et al.: Effects of applying a standardised management algorithm for moderate to severe renal dysfunction in patients with chronic stable heart failure. Eur. J. Heart Fail. 9, 415-423 (2007).
42. Walter E, Kaufmann W, Oster P: Does chronic aspirin treatment increase blood pressure in man? Klin. Wochenschr. 59(6), 297-299 (1981).
43. Morant SV, McMahon AD, Cleland JGF, Davey PG, MacDonald TM: Cardiovascular prophylaxis with aspirin: costs of supply and management of upper gastrointestinal and renal toxicity. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 57(2), 188-198 (2004).
44. Guazzi M, Pontone G, Agostoni P: Aspirin worsens exercise performance and pulmonary gas exchange in patients with heart failure who are taking angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. Am. Heart J. 138, 254-260 (1999).
45. Davie AP, Love MP, McMurray JJV: Even low-dose aspirin inhibits arachidonic acid-induced vasodilatation in heart failure. Clin. Pharm. Ther. 67, 530-537 (2000).
46. Jhund PS, Davie AP, McMurray JJ: Aspirin inhibits the acute venodilator response to furosemide in patients with chronic heart failure. JACC 37, 1234-1238 (2001).
47. The Dutch TIA Trial Study Group: A comparison of two doses of aspirin (30mg vs. 283mg a day) in patients after a transient ischaemic attack or minor ischaemic stroke. N. Engl. J. Med. 325, 1261-1266 (1991).
48. Yusuf S, Zhao F, Mehta SR, Chrolavicius S, Tognoni G, Fox KK: Effects of clopidogrel in addition to aspirin in patients with acute coronary syndromes without ST-segment elevation. N. Engl. J. Med. 345(7), 494-502 (2001).
49. Montalescot G, Wiviott SD, Braunwald E et al.: Prasugrel Compared with Clopidogrel in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (TRITON-TIMI 38): double-blind, randomised controlled trial. Lancet 373(9665), 723-731 (2009).
50. Dagenais GR, Pogue J, Fox K, Simoons ML, Yusuf S: Angiotensin-converting- enzyme inhibitors in stable vascular disease without left ventricular systolic dysfunction or heart failure: a combined analysis of three trials. Lancet 368(9535), 581-588 (2006).
51. Lindenfeld J, Robertson AD, Lowes BD, Bristow MR; for the MOCHA Investigators: Aspirin impairs reverse myocardial remodeling in patients with heart failure treated with b-blockers. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 38(7), 1950-1956 (2001).