Effects of fire temperature on the physical and chemical characteristics of the ash from two plots of Cork oak (Quercus Suber)

Land Degradation and Development

Volumn 20, Issue 6, 2009, Pages 589-608

  Ubeda X ^a   Pereira, P ^a   Outeiro, L ^a   Martin, D A ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BARCELONA   (Spain)

^b DENVER FEDERAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Ash; Cork oak; Fire severity; Mass loss; Physical and chemical parameters; Quercus suber

Indexed keywords

CORK OAK; FIRE SEVERITY; MASS LOSS; PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PARAMETERS; QUERCUS;

CALCIUM; CHEMICAL PROPERTIES; CONCENTRATION (PROCESS); DEGRADATION; DEIONIZED WATER; ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY; ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY MEASUREMENT; FIRES; FORESTRY; LAND USE; METAL RECOVERY; POSITIVE IONS; SOILS; SURFACE CHEMISTRY; THERMOGRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS; WATER RESOURCES;

PH EFFECTS;

ASH; CHEMICAL PROPERTY; ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY; FIRE; LAND DEGRADATION; LAND MANAGEMENT; LITTER; ORGANIC MATTER; PH; PHYSICAL PROPERTY; SHRUB; SOIL PROPERTY; SOIL SURFACE; TEMPERATURE EFFECT; WATER RESOURCE;

MEDITERRANEAN REGION;

QUERCUS SUBER;

EID: 77749323142     PISSN: 10853278     EISSN: 1099145X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/ldr.930     Document Type: Article

References (108)

1. Afif KhouriE, Oliveira Prendes JA. 2006. Efectos del fuego prescrito sobre matorral en las propiedades del suelo. Investigación agraria. Sistemas y recursos forestales 15: 262-270.
2. Arvidson RS, Ertan IE, Amonette JE, Luttge A. 2003. Variation in calcite dissolution rates: A fundamental problem? Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 67: 1623-1634.
3. -4} surfaces. Chemical Geology 225: 332-335.
4. Badía D, Martí C. 2003. Plant ash and heat intensity effects on chemical and physical properties of two contrasting soils. Arid Land Research & Management 17: 23-41.
5. Barberis A, Dettori S, Filigheddu MR. 2003. Management problems in Mediterranean cork oak forests: post-fire recovery. Journal of Arid Environments 54: 565-569.
6. Belillas CM, Rodà F. 1993. The effects of fire on water quality dissolved nutrient losses and export of particulate matter from dry heathland catchments. Journal of Hydrology 150: 1-17.
7. Blank RR, Allen FL, Young JA. 1996. Influence of simulated burning of soil-litter from low Sagebrush, Squirreltail, Cheatgrass, and Medusahead on water-soluble anions and cations. International Journal of Wildland Fire 6: 137-143. DOI:10.1071/WF9960137
8. Blank RR, Zamudio DC. 1998. The influence of wildfire on aqueous-extractable soil solutes in forested and wet meadow ecosystems along eastern front of Sierra Nevada range, California. International Journal of Wildland Fire 8: 79-85.
9. Boavida LC, Varela MC, Feijó JA. 1999. Sexual reproduction in cork oak (Quercus suber L.). Sexual Plant Reproduction 11: 147-153.
10. Brady PV, Papenguth HW, Kelly JW. 1999. Metal sorption on dolomite surfaces. Applied Geochemistry 14: 569-579.
11. Brodowski S, Amelung W, Haumaier L, Abetz C, Zech W. 2005. Morphological and chemical properties of black carbon in physical soil fractions as revealed by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Geoderma 128: 116-129.
12. + in calcites and selected aragonites. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 49: 713-725.
13. Certini G. 2005. Effects of fire on properties of forest soils: a review. Oecologia 143: 1-110.
14. Christensen TH, Kjeldsen P, Bjerg DL, Jensen PL, Christensen DL, Christensen JB, Brun A, Albrechtsen HJ, Heron G. 2001. Review: Biogeochemistry of landfill leachate plumes. Applied Geochemistry 16: 659-718.
15. DeBano LF, Conrad CE. 1978. The effect of fire on nutrients in a chaparral ecosystem. Ecology 59: 489-497.
16. DeBano LF, Neary DG, Ffolliot PF. 1998. Fire effects on Ecosystems. John Wiley and Sons, Inc.: New York, NY.
17. DeBano LF. 1981. Water repellent soils: a state-of-the-art. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report PS W-46,21p.
18. DeBano LF. 1989. Effects of fire on Chaparral soils in Arizona and California and postfire management implications. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report PSW-109, 55-62.
19. Dimitrakopoulos AP, Panov PI. 2001. Pyric properties of some dominant Mediterranean vegetation species. International Journal of Wildland Fire 10: 23-27.
20. Dimitrakopoulos AP, Papaioannou KK. 2001. Flammability assessment of Mediterranean forest fuels. Fire Tecnology 37: 143-152.
21. Driscoll TJ. 1981. The initial oxidation of iron at 200 and 300°C and the effect of surface sulphur. Oxidation of Metals 16: 107-131.
22. Drysdale D. 1999. An Introduction to Fire Dynamics 2nd edn. John Wiley and Sons: New York, NY.
23. Durgin PB, Vogelsand PJ. 1984. Dispersion of kaolinite by water extracts of Douglas-fir ash. Canadian Journal of Soil Science 64: 439-443.
24. Etiegni L, Campbell AG. 1991. Physical and chemical characteristics of wood ash. Bioresource Technology 37: 173-178.
25. Ettler V, Zelená O, Mihaljevic M, Sebek O, Strnad L, Coufal P, Bezdicka P. 2006. Removal of trace elements from landfill leachate by calcite precipitation. Journal of Geochemical Exploration 88: 28-31.
26. Ferreira AJD, Coelho COA, Boulet AK, Lopes FP. 2005. Temporal patterns of solute loss following wildfires in central Portugal. International Journal of Wildland Fire 14: 401-412.
27. Freitas MC. 1995. A Laguna de Albufeira (Península de Setúbal), Sedimentológia, Morfologia e Morfodinamica, PhD Thesis, 337 p.
28. Giovannini G. 1994. The effect of fire in soil quality. In Soil Erosion and Degradation as a Consequence of Forest Fires, Sala M, Rubio JL (eds). Geoderma Ediciones, Logroño, 15-27.
29. Goforth BR, Graham RC, Hubbert KR, Zanner CW, Minnich RA. 2005. Spatial distribution and properties of ash thermally altered soil after high-severity forest fire, southern California. International Journal of Wildland Fire 14: 343-354.
30. Gray DM, Dighton J. 2006. Mineralization of forest litter nutrients by heat and combustion. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 38: 1469-1477.
31. Grier CC. 1975. Wildfire effects on nutrient distribution and leaching in a coniferous ecosystem. Canadian Journal of Fish and Aquatic Sciences 5: 599-607.
32. Guijarro M, Hernando C, Díez C, Martínez E, Madrigal J, Cabaret CL, Blanc L, Colin PY, Pérez-Gorostiaga P, Vega JA, Fonturbel MT. 2002. Flammability of some fuel beds common in the South-European ecosystems. In Forest Fire Research and Wildland Fire Safety: Proceedings of IV International Conference on Forest Fire Research, Viegas DX (ed). 2002 Wildland Fire Safety Summit, Luso, Coimbra: Portugal; 18-23.
33. Hauer FR, Spencer CN. 1998. Phosphorous and Nitrogen dynamics in streams associated with wildfire: A study of immediate and longterm effects. International Journal of Wildland Fire 8: 183-198.
34. Henig-Sever N, Poliakov D, Broza M. 2001. A novel method for estimation of wild fire intensity based on ash and soil microarthropod community. Pedobiologia 45: 98-106.
35. Iglesias T, Cala V, González J. 1997. Mineralogical and chemical modifications in soils affected by a forest fire in Mediterranean area. The Science of Total Environment 204: 89-96.
36. Ishikawa M, Ichikuni M. 1984. Uptake of sodium and potassium by calcite. Chemical Geology 42: 137-146.
37. Keeley JE. 2009. Fire intensity, fire severity and burn severity: A brief review and suggested usage. International Journal of Wildland Fire 18: 116-126.
38. Khanna PK, Raison RJ, Falkiner RA. 1994. Chemical properties of ash derived from Eucalyptus litter and its effects on Forest soils. Forest Ecology and Management 66: 107-125.
39. Khanna PK, Raison RJ. 1986. Effect of fire intensity on solution chemistry of surface soil under Eucalyptus paucifora forest. Australian Journal of Soil Research 24: 423-434.
40. Knicker H, Müller P, Hilscher A. 2007. How useful is chemical oxidation with dichromate for the determination of "Black Carbon" in fire- affected soils? Geoderma 142: 178-196.
41. Kuiters AT, Sarink HM. 1986. Leaching of phenolic compounds from leaf and needle litter of several deciduous and coniferous trees. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 18: 475-480.
42. Kutiel P, Naveh J. 1987. Effect of fire on nutrients in a pine forest soil. Plant Soil 104: 269-274.
43. Lasanta T, Cerdà A. 2005. Long-term erosional responses after fire in the Central Spanish Pyrenees 2. Solute release. Catena 60: 81-100.
44. Lavorel S, Canadell J, Rambal S, Terradas J. 1998. Simulating Mediterranean landscape pattern and vegetation dynamics under different fire regimes. Global Ecology and Biogeography Letters 7: 157-166.
45. Lewis Jr WM. 1974. Effects of fire on nutrient movement in a South Carolina Pine Forest. Ecology 55: 1120-1127.
46. Liodakis S, Gakis Statheropoulos M, Tzamtzis N, Pappa A. 1997. Electrochemical methods for monitoring the volatile pyrolysis products of Pinus helepensis pine needles. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 43: 139-144.
47. Liodakis S, Vorisis IP, Agiovlasitis IP. 2005. A method for measuring the relative particle fire hazard properties of forest species. Thermochimica Acta 437: 150-157.
48. Loisel R. 1976. La vegetación de l'etage mediterranée dans le sud-est continental francais. Marseille: France.
49. Malmer A. 2004. Streamwater quality as affected by wild fires in natural and manmade vegetation in Malaysian Borneo. Hydrological Processes 18: 853-864.
50. Marcos E, Tarrega R, Luis E. 2007. Changes in a humic cambisol heated (100-500°C) under laboratory conditions: the significance of heating time. Geoderma 138: 237-243.
51. Marion GM, Moreno JM, Oechel WC. 1991. Fire severity, ash deposition and clipping effects on soil nutrients in chaparral. Soil Science of American Journal 55: 235-250.
52. Markl G, Blackenburg FV, Wagner T. 2006. Iron isotope fractionation during hydrothermal ore deposition and alteration. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 70: 3011-3030.
53. Mataix-Solera J, Guerrero C, Úbeda X, Outeiro L, Torres P, Cerdà A, Bodi MB, Arcenegui V, Zomoza R, Gomez I, Mataix-Beneyto Jorge. 2007. Incendios forestales, suelos y erosion hidrica. Hurpograf: Alcoi.
54. Mataix-Solera J. 1999. Alteraciones fisicas, quimicas y biológicas en suelos afectados por incendios forestales. Contribución a su conservacióny regeneración. PhD Thesis, 330 pp.
55. Mellbo P, Sarenbo S, Stalnacke O, Claesson T. 2008. Leaching of wood ash products aimed for spreading on forest floors-influence of method and L/S ratio. Waste Management 28: 2235-2244.
56. Millán MM, Estrela MJ, Badenas C. 1998. Meteorological processes relevant to forest fire dynamics on the Spanish Mediterranean Coast. Journal of Applied Meteorology 37: 83-100.
57. Misra MK, Ragland KW, Baker AJ. 1993. Wood ash composition as a function of furnace temperature. Biomass and Bioenergy 4: 103-116.
58. Munsell. 1975. Soil color chart. Baltimore, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Handbook, 58.
59. Mutch RW. 1970. Wildland fires and ecosystems-A hypothesis. Ecology 51: 1046-1051.
60. Neary DG, Klopatek CC, DeBano LF, Ffolliott P. 1999. Fire effects on belowground sustainability: A review and synthesis. Forest Ecology and Management 122: 51-71.
61. Neary DG, Ryan KC, DeBano LF. (eds). 2005. Wildland fire in ecosystems: effects of fire on soils and water. General Technical Report RMRS- GTR-42-vol.4. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, Colorado, 250 pp.
62. Notario del Pino J, Dorta AI, Rodríguez RA, Arbelo RC, Navarro RFJ, Mora HJL, Armas HCM, Guerra GJA. 2008. Analysis of the 1:5 soil water extract in burnt soils to evaluate fire severity. Catena 74: 246-255.
63. Nunez-Regueira L, Rodriguez Añon JA, Proupín Castiñeras J. 1996. Calorific values and flammability of forest species in Galicia. Coastal and hillside zones. Bioresource Technology 57: 283-289.
64. Nunez-Regueira L, Rodriguez AJA, Proupín CJ. 2000. Design of risk index maps as tool to prevent forest fires. Continental high mountains zone of Galicia (NW Spain). Bioresource Technology 71: 51-62.
65. Orgeas J, Ourcival JM, Bonin G. 2002. Seasonal and spatial patterns of foliar nutrients in cork oak (Quercus suber L.) growing on siliceous soils in Provence (France). Plant Ecology 164: 201-211.
66. Pausas JG. 1997. Resprouting of Quercus suber in Spain after fire. Journal of Vegetation Science 8: 703-706.
67. Pausas JG. 1998. Modeling fire-prone vegetation dynamics. In Fire and Landscape Ecology, Trabaud L (ed.). International Association of Wildland Fire: Fairland, Washington, DC; 327-334.
68. Pausas JG. 2006. Simulating Mediterranean landscape pattern and vegetation dynamics under different fire regimes. Plant Ecology 187: 249-259.
69. Pereira P, Úbeda X, Outeiro L, Martin D. 2008. Solutes released from leaf litter (Quercus suber, Quercus robur, Pinus pinea) exposed to different fire intensities in a laboratory experiment, EGU General Assembly 2008, Geophysical Research Abstracts, 10, EGU 2008-A-01141, ISSN: 1029-7006, Vienna.
70. Porta JC, López-Acevedo M, Roquero C. 1994. Edafologia, para la agricultura y medio ambiente. Ediciones Mundi-Prensa: Madrid.
71. Pospisil P, Klemchuk P. 1990. Oxidation inhibition as organic materials, 2nd Edn. CRS Press: Boca Raton, FL.
72. Quintana JR, Cala V, Moreno AM, Parra JG. 2007. Effect of heating on mineral components of soil organic horizon from Spanish juniper, (Juniperus thurifera L.) woodland. Journal of Arid Environments 71: 45-56.
73. Rahimi Barzegar BA, Malcom Oades OJ, Rengasmy P, Giles L. 1994. Effect of sodicity and salinity on disaggregation and tensile strength of an Alfisol under different cropping systems. Soil & Tillage Research 32: 329-345.
74. Raunkiaer C. 1934. The Life Forms of Plants and Statistical Geography. Claredon Press: Oxford.
75. Rhoades CC, Meier AJ, Rebertus AJ. 2004. Soil properties in fire consumed log burnout openings in a Missouri oak savanna. Forest Ecology and Management 192: 277-284.
76. Scarff FR, Westboy M. 2006. Leaf litter flammability in some semi-arid Australian woodlands. Functional Ecology 20: 745-752.
77. Shapiro S, Wilk M. 1965. An analysis of variance test for normality. Biometrika 52: 591-611.
78. Silva JS, Catry F. 2006. Forest Fires in cork oak (Quercus suber L.) stands in Portugal. International Journal of Environmental Studies 63(3): 235-257.
79. Sinan Bilgili M, Demir A, Ince M, Özkaya B. 2007. Metal concentrations of simulated aerobic and anaerobic pilot scale landfill reactors. Journal of Hazardous Materials 145: 186-194.
80. Siva Kumar MVK, Ndiang'ui N. 2007. Climate & Land Degradation. Springer: London.
81. Soil Survey Staff. 2006. Keys to Soil Taxonomy, 10th edn. NRCS: Washington, DC.
82. Soto B, Diaz Fierros F. 1993. Interactions between plant ash leachates and soil. International Journal of Wildland Fire 3(4): 207-216.
83. Stark NM. 1977. Fire nutrient cycling in a Douglas-Fir/Larch Forest. Ecology 58: 16-30.
84. Steenari BM, Schelander S, Lindqvist O. 1999. Chemical and leaching characteristics of ash from combustion of coal peat and wood in a 12 MW CFB - a comparative study. Fuel 78: 249-258.
85. Stucki JW, Lee K, Zhang L, Larson RA. 2002. Effects of iron oxidation state on the surface and structural properties of smecites. Pure Applied Chemistry 74: 2145-2158.
86. Sugihara NGJ, van Wagtendonk W, Shaffer KE, Fites-Kaufman J, Thode AE (eds). 2006. Fire in California's Ecosystems. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA.
87. Thomas AD, Walsh RPD, Shakesby RA. 2000. Solutes in overland flow following fire in eucalyptus and pine forests, northern Portugal. Hydrological Processes 14: 971-985.
88. Tomkins IB, Kellas JD, Tolhurst KG, Oswin DA. 1991. Effects of fire intensity on soil chemistry in a Eucalypt Forest. Australian Journal of Soil Research 29: 25-47.
89. Trabaud L, Galtie JF. 1996. Effects of fire frequency on plant communities and landscape pattern in the Massif des Aspres (Southern France). Landscape Ecology 11: 215-224.
90. Úbeda X, Lorca M, Outeiro LR, Bernia S, Castellnou M. 2005. Effects of prescribed fire on soil quality in Mediterranean grassland (Prades Mountains, north-east Spain). International Journal of Wildland Fire 14: 379-384.
91. Úbeda X, Outeiro LR, Sala M. 2006. Vegetation regrowth after a differential intensity forest fire in a Mediterranean environment, North-east Spain. Land Degradation & Development 17: 429-440.
92. Úbeda X, Pereira P, Martin DA. 2009. Fire temperature effects on Total Carbon, Total Nitrogen, C/N and release of water soluble phosphorous on litter from two Quercus suber trees located in different plots of Iberian Peninsula. Second International Meeting of Fire Effects on Soil Properties. Marmaris, Turkey.
93. Úbeda X, Reina L, Sala M. 1998. Cuantificación de la erosión en un camino forestal de un bosque típico mediterráneo de Quercus suber. Norba. Revista de Geografía Departamento de Geografía, Universidad de Cáceres. Número: X: 185-196.
94. Úbeda X, Sala M. 2001. Chemical concentration in overland flow from different forested areas in Mediterranean environment: Burned forest at different fire intensity and unpaved road. Zeitschrift fuer Geomorphologie 45: 225-238.
95. Úbeda X. 2001. Influencia de la intensidad de quemado sobre algunas propiedades del suelo después de un incendio forestal. Edafología 8: 41- 99.
96. Ulery AL, Graham RC, Amrheim C. 1993. Wood ash composition and soil pH following intense burning. Soil Science 156(6): 358-364.
97. Ulery AL, Graham RC. 1993. Forest fires effects on soil color and texture. Soil Science Society of American Journal 57: 135-140.
98. Vallette JC. 1997. Inflammabilities of mediterranean species. In Forest fore risk and management. (Eds) P Balabanis, G Eftichidis, R Fantechi, 51-64.
99. Vaughan A, Nichols G. 1995. Controls on the deposition of charcoal: Implications for the sedimentary accumulations of fusain. Journal of Sedimentary Research 65a: 130-135.
100. Vélez R. 1991. Silvicultura preventiva de incendios forestales, Unasylva 162. Available at: http://www.fao.org/docrep/t9500s/t9500s03.htm [verified in 15 of July of 2008].
101. Viegas DX, Abrantes T, Palheiro T, Santo FE, Viegas MT, Silva J, Pessanha L. 2006. Fire weather during the 2003, 2004 and 2005 fire seasons in Portugal. Forest Ecology and Management 234S: S60.
102. Weise DR, Withe RH, Beall FC, Etlinger M. 2005. Use of the cone calorimeter to detect seasonal differences in selected combustion characteristics of ornamental vegetation. International Journal of Wildland Fire 14: 321-338.
103. Wen Y, Xiang L, Jin Y. 2003. Synthesis of plate-like calcium carbonate via carbonation route. Materials Letters 57: 2565-2571.
104. Weast RC. 1998. Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. CRC Press: Boca Raton, Florida.
105. Wetzel RG. 1991. Limnologia, Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, Lisboa 919.
106. White AF. 1977. Sodium and potassium coprecipitation in aragonite. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 41: 613-625.
107. White AF. 1978. Sodium coprecipitation in calcite and dolomite. Chemical Geology 23: 65-72.
108. Zachara JM, Cowan CE, Resch CT. 1991. Sorption of divalent metals on calcite. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 55(6): 1549-1562.