Internal structure and linear viscoelastic properties of EVA/asphalt nanocomposites

European Polymer Journal

Volumn 46, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 621-633

  Sureshkumar, Markanday Subramanian ^a   Filippi, Sara ^a   Polacco, Giovanni ^a   Kazatchkov, Igor ^b   Stastna, Jiri ^b   Zanzotto, Ludovit ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PISA   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY   (Canada)

Author keywords

EVA organoclay; Nanocomposites; Polymer modified asphalt; Rheology

Indexed keywords

INTERNAL STRUCTURE; LINEAR VISCOELASTIC; MASTER BATCH; ORGANOCLAYS; POLY (ETHYLENE-CO-VINYL ACETATE); POLYMER LEDS; POLYMER MODIFIED ASPHALTS; POLYMER-MODIFIED ASPHALT; PREMIXED; RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTY; TERNARY MIXTURES; THIRD COMPONENT;

ASPHALT; ELASTICITY; ETHYLENE; NANOCOMPOSITES; PLASTICITY; RHEOLOGY; VISCOSITY;

POLYMERS;

EID: 77749246106     PISSN: 00143057     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2009.12.024     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. History of Bitumen, Nature 1935;135(3420):845.
2. David W, John R. Shell bitumen handbook. In: Robert HN, editor. Thomas Telford Ltd.; 2003. p. 1-3.
3. Zayan Bilkadii, Bitumen - A History, Saudi Aramco World 1984;35(6):2-9.
4. Forbes RJ. Bitumen and petroleum in antiquity. In: Studies in ancient technologies, vol. 1. 2nd ed. Leiden: E.J. Brill.; 1964. p. 11-23.
5. Deme I. Processing of sand-asphalt-sulphur mixes. Proc Ass Asph Pav Tech 43 (1974) 465-482
6. Fromm H.J., and Kennepohl G.J.A. Sulphur asphaltic concrete on three Ontario test roads. Proc Ass Asph Pav Tech 48 (1979) 135-162
7. Denning JH, Carswell J. Improvements in rolled asphalt surfacings by addition of organic polymers. Dept. Environ., Dept. Trans., Trans. and Road Res. Lab. Report, TRRL, Crowthorne, 1981;LR 989.
8. Chaala A., Roy C., and Ait-Kadi A. Rheological properties of bitumen modified with pyrolitic carbon black. Fuel 75 13 (1996) 1575-1583
9. Herrington R.R., Wu Y., and Forbes M.C. Rheological modification of bitument with maleic anhydride and dicarboxylic acids. Fuel 78 1 (1999) 101-110
10. Pokonova Y.u.V., and Mitrofanova L.M. Modification of asphalts with phosphazenes. Chem Tech Fuels Oils 41 4 (2005) 315-318
11. Shin-Che H., Rayond E.R., Jan F.B., and Claine Petersen J. Impact of lime modification of asphalt and freeze-thaw cycling on the asphalt-aggregate interaction and moisture resistance to moisture damage. J Mat Civ Eng 17 6 (2005) 711-718
12. Polacco G., Stastna J., Biondi D., and Zanzotto L. Relation between polymer architecture and nonlinear viscoelastic behavior of modified asphalts. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 11 4 (2006) 230-245
13. Isaccson U., and Lu X. Testing and appraisal of polymer modified road bitumens - state of art. Mater Struct 28 3 (1995) 139-159
14. Ray S.S., and Okamoto M. Polymer/layered silicate nanocomposites: a review from preparation to processing. Prog Polym Sci 28 11 (2003) 1539-1641
15. Gupta R.K., Pasanovic-Zujo V., and Bhattacharya S.N. Shear and extensional rheology of EVA/layered silicate-nanocomposites. J Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech 128 2-3 (2005) 116-125
16. Alexander M., and Dubois P. Polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites: preparation, properties and uses of a new class of materials. Mater Sci Eng 28 1-2 (2000) 1-63
17. Krishnamoorti R., and Yurekli K. Rheology of polymer layered silicate nanocomposites. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 6 5-6 (2001) 464-470
18. Chung J.W., Han S.J., and Kwak S.Y. Dynamic viscoelastic behavior and molecular mobility of acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer nanocomposites with various organoclay loadings. Compos Sci Technol 68 6 (2008) 1555-1561
19. Krishnamoorti R., Vaia R.A., and Giannelis E.P. Structure and dynamics of polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites. Chem Mat 8 8 (1996) 1728-1734
20. Zhao J., Morgan A.B., and Harris J.D. Rheological characterization of polystyrene-clay nanocomposites to compare the degree of exfoliation and dispersion. Polymer 46 20 (2005) 8641-8660
21. Galgali G., Ramesh C., and Lele A. A rheological study on the kinetics of hybrid formation in polypropylene nanocomposites. Macromolecules 34 4 (2001) 852-858
22. Krishnamoorti R, Silva AS. Rheological properties of polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites. In: Pinnavaia TJ, Beall GW, editors. Polymer-clay nanocomposites. Wiley; 2000. p. 315-343.
23. Ren J., Silva A.S., and Krishnamoorti R. Linear viscoelasticity of disordered polystyrene-polyisoprene block copolymer based layered-silicate nanocomposites. Macromolecules 33 10 (2000) 3739-3746
24. Krishnamoorti R., Ren J., and Silva A.S. Shear response of layered silicate nanocomposites. J Chem Phys 114 11 (2001) 4968-4973
25. Kojima Y., Usuki A., Kawasumi M., Okada A., Kurauchi T., Kamigaito O., et al. Novel preferred orientation in injection-molded nylon 6-clay hybrid. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 33 7 (1995) 1039-1045
26. Kojima Y., Usuki A., Kawasumi M., Okada A., Kurauchi T., Kamigaito O., et al. Fine structure of nylon 6-clay hybrid. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 32 4 (1994) 625-630
27. Medelin-Rodriquez F.J., Burger C., Hsiao B.S., Chu B., Vaia R.A., and Phillips S. Time-resolved shear behavior of end-tetherd nylon 6-clay nanocomposites followed by non-isothermal crystallization. Polymer 42 2 (2001) 9015-9023
28. Okamato M., Nam P.H., Maiti P., Kotaka T., Hasegawa N., and Usuki A. A house of cards structure in polypropylene/clay nanocomposites in elongational flow. Nano Lett 1 6 (2001) 295-298
29. Schmidt G., Nakatani A.L., Butler P.D., Karim A., and Han C.C. Shear orientation of viscoelastic polymer-clay solutions probed by flow birefringence and SANS. Macromolecules 33 20 (2000) 7219-7222
30. Vermant J., Ceccia S., Dolgovskij M.K., Maffletone P.L., and Macosko C.W. Quantifying dispersion of layered nanocomposites via melt rheology. J Rheol 51 3 (2007) 429-450
31. Polacco G., Kříž P., Filippi S., Stastna J., Biondi D., and Zanzotto L. Rheological properties of asphalt/SBS/clay blends. Eur Poly J 44 11 (2008) 3512-3521
32. Panda M., and Mazumdar M. Engineering properties of EVA modified paving mixes. J Mat Civ Eng 11 2 (1996) 131-137
33. Airey G.D. Rheological evaluation of EVA polymer modified bitumens. Con Build Mat 16 8 (2002) 473-487
34. González O., Muñoz M.E., Santamaría A., García-Morales M., Navarro F.J., and Partal P. Rheology and stability of bitumen/EVA blends. Eur Poly J 40 10 (2004) 2365-2372
35. Hussein I.A., Iqbal M.H., and Al-Abdul-Wahab H.I. Influence of Mw of LDPE and vinyl acetate content of EVA on the rheology of polymer modified asphalts. Rheol Acta 45 1 (2005) 92-104
36. García-Morales M., Partal P., Navarro F.J., Martinez-Boza F., Gallegos C., González O., et al. Viscous properties and microstructure of recycled EVA modified bitumen. Fuel 83 1 (2003) 31-38
37. García-Morales M., Partal P., Navarro F.J., Martinez-Boza F., and Gallegos C. Linear visco-elasticity of recycled EVA modified bitumen. Energy Fuel 18 2 (2004) 357-364
38. García-Morales M., Partal P., Navarro F.J., and Gallegos C. Effect of waste polymer addition on the rheology of modified bitumen. Fuel 85 7-8 (2006) 936-943
39. García-Morales M., Partal P., Navarro F.J., Martinez-Boza F., and Gallegos C. Process rheokinetics and micro-structure of recycled EVA/LDPE modified bitumen. Rheol Acta 45 4 (2006) 513-524
40. García-Morales M., Partal P., Navarro F.J., Martinez-Boza F., and Gallegos C. Processing, rheology and storage stability of recycled EVA/LDPE modified bitumen. Poly Eng Sci 47 2 (2007) 181-191
41. González O., Muñoz M.E., Santamaría A., García-Morales M., Navarro F.J., and Partal P. New routes for roads: using recycled greenhouse films. Intl J Env Tech Mgmt 7 1-2 (2007) 218-227
42. Alexander M., Beyer G., Henrist C., Cloots A., Ralmont R., Jerome R., et al. Preparation and properties of layered silicate nanocomposites based on ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers. Macromol Rapid Commun 22 8 (2001) 643-646
43. Zanetti M., Camino G., Thomann R., and Mulhaupt R. Synthesis and thermal behavior of layered silicate EVA nanocomposites. Polymer 42 10 (2001) 4501-4507
44. Riva A., Zanetti M., Braglia M., Camino G., and Falqui L. Thermal degradation and rheological behavior of EVA/montmorillonite nanocomposites. Polym Degrad Stab 77 2 (2002) 299-304
45. Lee M.H., Park B.J., Vhoi H.J., Gupta R.K., and Bhattachary S.N. Preparation and rheological characteristics of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer/organoclay nanocomposites. J Macromol Sci B: Polym Phys 46 2 (2007) 261-273
46. La Mantia F.P., and Tzankova Dintcheva N. EVA copolymer-based nanocomposites: rheological behavior under shear and isothermal and non-isothermal elongational flow. Poly Test 25 5 (2006) 701-708
47. Martins C.G., Larocca N.M., Paul D.R., and Pessan L.A. Nanocomposites formed from polypropylene/EVA blends. Polymer 50 7 (2009) 1743-1754
48. Gustavino F, Coletti G, Dardano A, Montanari GC, Deorsola F, Di Lorenzo Del Casale M. Electrical treeing in EVA-layered silicate nanocomposites. Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena 2005;294-297.
49. Polacco G., Vacin O.J., Biondi D., Stastna J., and Zanzotto L. Dynamic master curves of polymer modified asphalt from three different geometries. Appl Rheol 13 3 (2003) 118-124
50. Ferry J.D. Viscoelastic properties of polymers (1980), Wiley, New York
51. Van Gurp M., and Palmen J. Time-temperature superposition for polymeric blends. Rheol Bull 67 (1998) 5-8
52. Markanday SS, Stastna J, Polacco G, Filippi S, Kazatchkov I, Zanzotto L. Rheology of bitumen modified by EVA - organoclay nanocomposites. J Appl Polym Sci. submitted for publication.
53. Lili C., Xiaoyan Ma., and Paul D.R. Morphology and properties of nanocomposites formed from ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers and organoclays. Polymer 48 21 (2007) 6325-6339
54. Peeterbroeck S., Alexandre M., Jerome R., and Dubois Ph. Poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate)/clay nanocomposites: effect of clay nature and organic modifiers on morphology, mechanical and thermal properties. Polym Degrad Stab 90 2 (2005) 288-294
55. Mainil M., Alexandre M., Monteverde F., and Dubois P. Polyethylene organo-clay nanocomposites: the role of the interface chemistry on the extent of clay intercalation/exfoliation. J Nanosci Nanotech 6 2 (2006) 337-344
56. Li X., and Ha C.S. Nanostructure of EVA/organoclay nanocomposites: effects of kinds of organoclays and grafting of maleic anhydride onto EVA. J Appl Polym Sci 87 12 (2003) 1901-1909
57. Olabisi O, Robeson L, Shaw MT. Polymer-polymer miscibility. In: Polymer-polymer compatibility. New York: Academic Press; 1979.
58. Song M., Hammiche A., Pollock H.M., Hourston D.J., and Reading M. Modulated differential scanning calorimetry: 4. Miscibility and glass transition behaviour in poly(methyl methacrylate) and poly(epichlorohydrin) blends. Polymer 37 25 (1996) 5661-5665
59. Song M., Hammiche A., Pollock H.M., Hourston D.J., and Reading M. Modulated differential scanning calorimetry: 1. A study of the glass transition behaviour of blends of poly(methy methacrylate) and poly(styrene co-acrylonitrile). Polymer 36 17 (1995) 3313-3316
60. Michalica P., Kazatchkov I.B., Stastna J., and Zanzotto L. Relationship between chemical and rheological properties of two asphalts of different origins. Fuel 87 15-16 (2008) 3247-3253