Biologic width and morphologic characteristics of soft tissues around immediately loaded implants: Studies performed on human autopsy specimens

Journal of Periodontology

Volumn 81, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 70-78

  Romanos, George E ^a   Traini, Tonino ^b   Johansson, Carina B ^c   Piattelli, Adriano ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CHIETI   (Italy)

^c ÖREBRO UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

Author keywords

Connective tissue; Dental implants; Dental prosthesis; Epithelial cells; Implant supported; Junctional epithelium

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BONE REGENERATION; CASE REPORT; DENTURE; EDENTULOUSNESS; FEMALE; HUMAN; JAW; MANDIBLE; MAXILLA; METHODOLOGY; MIDDLE AGED; PATHOLOGY; PERIODONTIUM; PHYSIOLOGY; TOOTH IMPLANTATION; TOOTH PROSTHESIS; WEIGHT BEARING; WOUND HEALING;

ALVEOLAR PROCESS; DENTAL ABUTMENTS; DENTAL IMPLANTATION, ENDOSSEOUS; DENTAL IMPLANTS; DENTAL PROSTHESIS, IMPLANT-SUPPORTED; DENTURE, COMPLETE, IMMEDIATE; FEMALE; HUMANS; JAW, EDENTULOUS; MANDIBLE; MAXILLA; MIDDLE AGED; OSSEOINTEGRATION; PERIODONTIUM; WEIGHT-BEARING; WOUND HEALING;

EID: 77649207617     PISSN: 00223492     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1902/jop.2009.090364     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Myshin HL, Wiens JP. Factors affecting soft tissue around dental implants: A review of the literature. J Prosthet Dent 2005;94:440-444.
2. Gargiulo AW, Wentz FM, Orban B. Dimensions and relations of the dentogingival junction in humans. J Periodontol 1961;32:261-267.
3. Newman MG, Fleming TF. Periodontal considerations of implants and implant associated microbiota. J Dent Educ 1988;52:737-744.
4. Listgarten MA, Lang NP, Schroeder HE, Schroeder A. Periodontal tissues and their counterparts around endosseous implants. Clin Oral Implants Res 1991; 2:1-19.
5. Schou S, Holmstrup P, Hjorting-Hansen E, Lang NP. Plaque-induced marginal tissue reactions of osseointegrated oral implants. A review of the literature. Clin Oral Implants Res 1992;3:149-161.
6. Ericsson I, Berglundh T, Marinello C, Liljenberg B, Lindhe J. Long-standing plaque and gingivitis at implants and teeth in the dog. Clin Oral Implants Res 1992;3:99-103.
7. Hurzeler MB, Quinones CR, Schupbach P, Vlassis JH, Strub JR, Caffesse RG. Influence of the superstructure on the peri-implant tissues in beagle dogs. Clin Oral Implants Res 1995;6:139-148.
8. Abrahamsson I, Berglundh T, Wennström J, Lindhe J. The peri-implant hard and soft tissues at different implant systems. A comparative study in the dog. Clin Oral Implants Res 1996;7:212-219.
9. Weber HP, Buser D, Donath K, et al. Comparison of healed tissues adjacent to submerged and non-submerged unloaded titanium dental implants. A histometric study in beagle dogs. Clin Oral Implants Res 1996;7:11-19.
10. Abrahamsson I, Berglundh T, Lindhe J. Soft tissue response to plaque formation at different implant systems. A comparative study in the dog. Clin Oral Implants Res 1998;9:73-79.
11. Romanos GE, Schröter-Kermani C, Weingart D, Strub JR. Health human periodontal versus peri-implant gingival tissues: An immunohistochemical differentiation of the extracellular matrix. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1995;10:750-758.
12. Romanos GE, Schröter-Kermani C, Strub JR. Inflamed human periodontal versus peri-implant gingival tissues: An immunohistochemical differentiation of the extracellular matrix. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1996;11:605-611.
13. Glauser R, Schüpbach P, Gottlow J, Hämmerle CH. Periimplant soft tissue barrier at experimental onepiece mini-implants with different surface topography in humans: A light microscopic overview and histometric analysis. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2005; 7(Suppl. 1):S44-S51.
14. Quirynen M, van Steenberghe D. Bacterial colonization of the internal part of two-stage implants. An in vivo study. Clin Oral Implants Res 1993;4:158-161.
15. Siar CH, Toh CG, Romanos G, et al. Peri-implant soft tissue integration of immediately loaded implants in the posterior macaque mandible: A histomorphometric study. J Periodontol 2003;74:571-578.
16. Arvidson K, Fartash B, Hilliges M, Kondell PA. Histological characteristics of peri-implant mucosa around Brånemark and single-crystal sapphire implants. Clin Oral Implants Res 1996;7:1-10.
17. Hermann JS, Buser D, Schenk RK, Cochran DL. Crestal bone changes around titanium implants. A histomorphometric evaluation of unloaded non-submerged and submerged implants in the canine mandible. J Periodontol 2000;71:1412-1424.
18. Hermann JS, Buser D, Schenk RK, Higginbottom FL, Cochran DL. Biological width around titanium implants. A physiologically formed and stable dimension over time. Clin Oral Implants Res 2000;11:1-11.
19. Schupbach P, Glauser R. The defense architecture of the human periimplant mucosa: A histological study. J Prosthet Dent 2007;97:S15-S25.
20. Listgarten MA. Normal development, structure, physiology and repair of gingival epithelium. Oral Sci Rev 1972;1:3-67.
21. Pollanen MT, Salonen JI, Uitto VJ. Structure and function of the tooth-epithelial interface in health and disease. Periodontol 2000 2003;31:12-31.
22. Nanci A, Bosshardt DD. Structures of periodontal tissues in health and disease. Periodontol 2000 2006;40:11-28.
23. Sawada T, Inoue S. Ultrastructure and composition of basement membranes in the tooth. Int Rev Cytol 2001;207:151-194.
24. James RA, Schultz RL. Hemidesmosomes and the adhesion of junctional epithelial cells to metal implants - A preliminary report. Oral Implantol 1974;4: 294-302.
25. Cochran DL, Hermann JS, Schenk RK, Higginbottom FL, Buser D. Biological width around titanium implants. A histometric analysis of the implant-gingival junction around unloaded and loaded nonsubmerged implants in the canine mandible. J Periodontol 1997; 68:186-198.
26. Ikeda H, Yamaza T, Yoshinari M, et al. Ultrastructural and immunoelectron microscopic studies of the periimplant epithelium-implant (Ti-6Al-4V) interface of rat maxilla. J Periodontol 2000;71:961-973.
27. Atsuta I, Yamaza T, Yoshinari M, et al. Changes in the distribution of laminin-5 during peri-implant epithelium formation after immediate titanium implantation in rats. Biomaterials 2005;26:1751-1760.
28. Gould TRL, Westbury L, Brunette DM. Ultrastructural study of the attachment of human gingiva to titanium in vivo. J Prosthet Dent 1984;52:418-420.
29. Schroeder HE, Listgarten MA. The gingival tissues: The architecture of periodontal protection. Periodontol 2000 1997;13:91-120.
30. Berglundh T, Lindhe J, Ericsson I, et al. The soft tissue barrier at implants and teeth. Clin Oral Implants Res 1991;2:81-90.
31. Buser D, Weber HP, Donath K, et al. Soft tissue reactions to non-submerged unloaded titanium implants in beagle dogs. J Periodontol 1992;63:225-235.
32. Ruggeri A, Franchi M, Marini N, Trisi P, Piatelli A. Supracrestal circular collagen fiber network around osseointegrated nonsubmerged titanium implants. Clin Oral Implants Res 1992;3:169-175.
33. Piattelli A, Scarano A, Piattelli M, Bertolai R, Panzoni E. Histologic aspects of the bone and soft tissues surrounding three titanium non-submerged plasmasprayed implants retrieved at autopsy: A case report. J Periodontol 1997;68:694-700.
34. Schierano G, Ramieri G, Cortese M, Aimetti M, Preti G. Organization of the connective tissue barrier around long-term loaded implant abutments in man. Clin Oral Implants Res 2002;13:460-464.
35. Abrahamsson I, Cardaropoli G. Peri-implant hard and soft tissue integration to dental implants made of titanium and gold. Clin Oral Implants Res 2007;18: 269-274.
36. Tenenbaum H, Schaaf JF, Cuisinier FJ. Histological analysis of the Ankylos peri-implant soft tissues in a dog model. Implant Dent 2003;12:259-265.
37. Piattelli A, Vrespa G, Petrone G, et al. Role of the microgap between implant and abutment: A retrospective histologic evaluation in monkeys. J Periodontol 2003;74:346-352.
38. Vela-Nebot X, Rodrigue-Ciurana X, Rodado-Alonso C, Segalà-Torres M. Benefits of an implant platform modification technique to reduce crestal bone resorption. Implant Dent 2006;15:313-320.
39. Degidi M, Iezzi G, Scarano A, Piattelli A. Immediately loaded titanium implant with a tissue-stabilizing/maintaining design ('beyond platform switch') retrieved from man after 4 weeks: A histological and histomorphometrical evaluation. A case report. Clin Oral Implants Res 2008;19:276-282.
40. Donath K, Breuner G. A method for the study of undecalcified bones and teeth with attached soft tissues.The Säge-Schliff (sawing and grinding) technique. J Oral Pathol 1982;11:318-326.
41. Romanos GE, Johansson CB. Immediate loading with complete implant-supported restorations in an edentulous heavy smoker: Histologic and histomorphometric analyses. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2005;20: 282-290.
42. Lekholm U, Zarb GA. Patient selection. In: Brånemark PI, Zarb GA, Albrektsson T, eds. Tissue Integrated Prostheses. Osseointegration in Clinical Dentistry. Chicago: Quintessence; 1985;199-209.
43. Hetter TH, Håkanson I, Lang NP, Trejo PM, Caffesse RG. Healing after standardized clinical probing of the periimplant soft tissue seal: A histomorphometric study in dogs. Clin Oral Implants Res 2002;13:571-580.
44. Quirynen M, Bollen CM, Eyssen H, van Steenberghe D. Microbial penetration along the implant components of the Branemark system. An in vitro study. Clin Oral Implants Res 1994;5:239-244.
45. Degidi M, Scarano A, Piattelli M, Perrotti V, Piattelli A. Bone remodeling in immediately loaded and unloaded titanium implants: A histologic and histomorphometric study in man. J Oral Implantol 2005; 31:18-24.
46. Romanos G, Toh CG, Siar CH, et al. Peri-implant bone reactions to immediately loaded implants. An experimental study in monkeys. J Periodontol 2001;72:506-511.
47. Romanos GE, Degidi M, Testori T, Piattelli A. Histological and histomorphometric findings from retrieved, immediately occlusally loaded implants in humans. J Periodontol 2005;76:1823-1832.
48. Nentwig GH. The Ankylos implant system: Concept and clinical application. J Oral Implantol 2004;30: 171-177.
49. Lazzara RJ, Porter SS. Platform switching: A new concept in implant dentistry for controlling postrestorative crestal bone levels. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 2006;26:9-17.
50. Döring K, Eisenmann E, Stiller M. Functional and esthetic considerations for single-tooth Ankylos implant- crowns: 8 years of clinical performance. J Oral Implantol 2004;30:198-209.