Borrelia, Ehrlichia, and Rickettsia spp. in ticks removed from Persons, Texas, USA

Emerging Infectious Diseases

Volumn 16, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 441-446

  Williamson, Phillip C ^a   Billingsley, Peggy M ^a   Teltow, Glenna J ^b   Seals, Janel P ^a   Turnbough, Meredith A ^c   Atkinson, Samuel F ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NORTH TEXAS HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER   (United States)

^b TEXAS DEPARTMENT OF STATE HEALTH SERVICES   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF NORTH TEXAS   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DNA;

ARTICLE; BACTERIAL INFECTION; BORRELIA; DNA SEQUENCE; EHRLICHIA; HEALTH HAZARD; HUMAN; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; RICKETTSIA; RISK ASSESSMENT; SCREENING TEST; SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM; TICK; TICK BITE; UNITED STATES;

ANIMALS; ARACHNID VECTORS; BORRELIA; EHRLICHIA; HUMANS; RICKETTSIA; SPECIES SPECIFICITY; TEXAS; TICK INFESTATIONS; TICK-BORNE DISEASES; TICKS;

EID: 77649105235     PISSN: 10806040     EISSN: 10806059     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3201/eid1603.091333     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. United States Department of Agriculture. Ticks of veterinary importance. Agriculture Handbook no. 485. Rockville (MD): The Department; 1976. p. 21-35.
2. Cooley RA, Kohls GM. The genus Ixodes in North America. Washington: US Government Printing Office; 1945. p. 7-11.
3. Keirans JE, Litwak TR. Pictorial key to the adults of hard ticks, family Ixodidae (Ixodida: Ixodoidea), east of the Mississippi River. J Med Entomol. 1989;26:435-48.
4. Barbour AG, Maupin GO, Teltow GJ, Carter CJ, Piesman J. Identification of an uncultivable Borrelia species in the hard tick Amblyomma americanum: possible agent of a Lyme disease-like illness. J Infect Dis. 1996;173:403-9.
5. Regnery RL, Spruill CL, Plikaytis BD. Genotypic identification of rickettsiae and estimation of intraspecies sequence divergence for portions of two rickettsial genes. J Bacteriol. 1991;173:1576-89.
6. Eremeeva M, Yu X, Raoult D. Differentiation among spotted fever group rickettsiae species by analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphism of PCR-amplified DNA. J Clin Microbiol. 1994;32:803-10.
7. Kollars TM Jr, Kengluecha A. Spotted fever group Rickettsia in Dermacentor variabilis (Acari: Ixodidae) infesting raccoons (Carnivora: Procyonidae) and opossums (Marsupialia: Didelphimorphidae) in Tennessee. J Med Entomol. 2001;38:601-2. DOI: 10.1603/0022-2585-38.4.601
8. Webb L, Carl M, Malloy DC, Dasch GA, Azad AF. Detection of murine typhus infection in fleas by using the polymerase chain reaction. J Clin Microbiol. 1990;28:530-4.
9. Doyle CK, Labruna MB, Breitschwerdt EB, Tang YW, Corstvet RE, Hegarty BC, et al. Detection of medically important Ehrlichia by quantitative multicolor TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction of the dsb gene. J Mol Diagn. 2005;7:504-10.
10. Dawson JE, Stallknecht DE, Howerth EW, Warner C, Biggie K, Davidson WR, et al. Susceptibility of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) to infection with Ehrlichia chaffeensis, the etiologic agent of human ehrlichiosis. J Clin Microbiol. 1994;32:2725-8.
11. Dawson JE, Biggie KL, Warner CK, Cookson K, Jenkins S, Levine JF, et al. Polymerase chain reaction evidence of Ehrlichia chaffeensis, an etiologic agent of human ehrlichiosis, in dogs from southeast Virginia. Am J Vet Res. 1996;57:1175-9.
12. Anderson BE, Sumner JW, Dawson JE, Tzianabos T, Greene CR, Olson JG, et al. Detection of the etiologic agent of human ehrlichiosis by polymerase chain reaction. J Clin Microbiol. 1992;30:775-80.
13. Long SW, Pound JM, Yu XJ. Ehrlichia prevalence in Amblyomma americanum, central Texas. Emerg Infect Dis. 2004;10:1342-3.
14. Billings AN, Teltow GJ, Weaver SC, Walker DH. Molecular characterization of a novel Rickettsia species from Ixodes scapularis in Texas. Emerg Infect Dis. 1998;4:305-9. DOI: 10.3201/eid0402.980221
15. Weller SJ, Baldridge GD, Munderloh UG, Noda H, Simser J, Kurtti TJ. Phylogenetic placement of rickettsiae from the ticks Amblyomma americanum and Ixodes scapularis. J Clin Microbiol. 1998;36:1305-17.
16. Roux V, Fournier PE, Raoult D. Differentiation of spotted fever group rickettsiae by sequencing and analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphism of PCR-amplified DNA of the gene encoding the protein rOmpA. J Clin Microbiol. 1996;34:2058-65.
17. Silveira I, Pacheco RC, Szabo MP, Ramos HG, Labruna MB. Rickettsia parkeri in Brazil. Emerg Infect Dis. 2007;13:1111-3.
18. Wikswo ME, Hu R, Dasch GA, Krueger L, Arugay A, Jones K, et al. Detection and identification of spotted fever group rickettsiae in Dermacentor species from southern California. J Med Entomol. 2008;45:509-16. DOI: 10.1603/0022-2585-(2008)45[509:DAIOSF]2.0.CO;2
19. Moore VA IV, Varela AS, Yabsley MJ, Davidson WR, Little SE. Detection of Borrelia lonestari, putative agent of southern tick-associated rash illness, in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) from the southeastern United States. J Clin Microbiol. 2003;41:424-7. DOI: 10.1128/JCM.41.1.424-427.2003
20. Lin T, Gao L, Seyfang A, Oliver JH Jr. 'Candidatus Borrelia texasensis' from the American dog tick Dermacentor variabilis. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2005;55:685-93. DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.02864-0
21. Gill JS, Ullmann AJ, Loftis AD, Schwan TG, Raffel SJ, Schrumpf ME, et al. Novel relapsing fever spirochete in bat tick. Emerg Infect Dis. 2008;14:522-3. DOI: 10.3201/eid1403.070766
22. Lin T, Oliver JH Jr, Gao L. Comparative analysis of Borrelia isolates from southeastern USA based on randomly amplified polymorphic DNA fingerprint and 16S ribosomal gene sequence analyses. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2003;228:249-57. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-1097-(03)00763-8
23. Fraser CM, Casjens S, Huang WM, Sutton GG, Clayton R, Lathigra R, et al. Genomic sequence of a Lyme disease spirochaete, Borrelia burgdorferi. Nature. 1997;390:580-6. DOI: 10.1038/37551
24. Hotopp JC, Lin M, Madupu R, Crabtree J, Angiuoli SV, Eisen JA, et al. Comparative genomics of emerging human ehrlichiosis agents. PLoS Genet. 2006;2:e21. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.0020021
25. Labruna MB, McBride JW, Camargo LM, Aguiar DM, Yabsley MJ, Davidson WR, et al. A preliminary investigation of Ehrlichia species in ticks, humans, dogs, and capybaras from Brazil. Vet Parasitol. 2007;143:189-95. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2006.08.005
26. McBride JW, Ndip LM, Popov VL, Walker DH. Identification and functional analysis of an immunoreactive DsbA-like thio-disulfide oxidoreductase of Ehrlichia spp. Infect Immun. 2002;70:2700-3. DOI: 10.1128/IAI.70.5.2700- 2703.2002
27. Taylor JP, Tanner WB, Rawlings JA, Buck J, Elliott LB, Dewlett HJ, et al. Serological evidence of subclinical Rocky Mountain spotted fever infections in Texas. J Infect Dis. 1985;151:367-9.
28. Arguin PM, Singleton J, Rotz LD, Marston E, Treadwell TA, Slater K, et al. An investigation into the possibility of transmission of tick-borne pathogens via blood transfusion. Transfusion-associated Tick-borne Illness Task Force. Transfusion. 1999;39:828-33. DOI: 10.1046/j.1537-2995.1999.39080828.x
29. McQuiston JH, Childs JE, Chamberland ME, Tabor E. Transmission of tick-borne agents of disease by blood transfusion: a review of known and potential risks in the United States. Transfusion. 2000;40:274-84. DOI: 10.1046/j.1537-2995.2000.40030274.x
30. Stromdahl EY, Williamson PC, Kollars TM Jr, Evans SR, Barry RK, Vince MA, et al. Evidence of Borrelia lonestari DNA in Amblyomma americanum (Acari: Ixodidae) removed from humans. J Clin Microbiol. 2003;41:5557-62. DOI: 10.1128/JCM.41.12.5557-5562.2003
31. Taft SC, Miller MK, Wright SM. Distribution of borreliae among ticks collected from eastern states. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2005;5:383-9. DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2005.5.383
32. Mixson TR, Campbell SR, Gill JS, Ginsberg HS, Reichard MV, Schulze TL, et al. Prevalence of Ehrlichia, Borrelia, and rickettsial agents in Amblyomma americanum (Acari: Ixodidae) collected from nine states. J Med Entomol. 2006;43:1261-8. DOI: 10.1603/0022-2585(2006)43[1261:POEBAR]2.0.CO;2
33. Mahan SM, Peter TF, Simbi BH, Kocan K, Camus E, Barbet AF, et al. Comparison of efficacy of American and African Amblyomma ticks as vectors of heartwater (Cowdria ruminantium) infection by molecular analyses and transmission trials. J Parasitol. 2000;86:44-9.
34. de Lemos ER, Machado RD, Coura JR, Guimaraes MA, Freire NM, Amorim M, et al. Epidemiological aspects of the Brazilian spotted fever: seasonal activity of ticks collected in an endemic area in São Paulo, Brazil. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 1997;30:181-5.
35. Ripoll CM, Remondegui CE, Ordonez G, Arazamendi R, Fusaro H, Hyman MJ, et al. Evidence of rickettsial spotted fever and ehrlichial infections in a subtropical territory of Jujuy, Argentina. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1999;61:350-4.