Transitions to the rule of law

Journal of Democracy

Volumn 21, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 33-44

  Fukuyama, Francis ^a  

^a JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 77249121106     PISSN: 10455736     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (14)

1. See Stephan Haggard and Andrew MacIntyre, The Rule of Law and Economic Development, Annual Review of Political Science 11 (2008): 205-234
2. See, for example, Daniel Kaufmann and Aart Kraay, Governance Matters IV: Governance Indicators for 1996-2004 (Washington, D.C.: World Bank Institute, 2005). There was also a prolonged debate over the dubious assertion that common-law systems were more friendly to growth than civil-law ones.
3. See Rafael La Porta et al., Law and Finance, Journal of Political Economy 106 (December 1998): 1113-1155
4. This was the theme in Douglass C. North and Barry R. Weingast, Constitutions and Commitment: The Evolution of Institutions Governing Public Choice in SeventeenthCentury England, Journal of Economic History 49 (December 1989): 803-832
5. After the Shang dynasty, the Chinese in theory developed an amorphous concept of Heaven, whose mandate the emperors bore; this hardly amounted to law, however, and was mostly invoked ex post to legitimize the dynastic transition.
6. On this point, see Joseph R. Strayer, On the Medieval Origins of the Modern State (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1970).
7. Harold J. Berman, Law and Revolution: The Formation of the Western Legal Tradition (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1983).
8. Alexis de Tocqueville, Democracy in America, trans, and ed. Harvey Mansfield and Delba Winthrop (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000), 2:537.
9. The one exception to this was the Shia hierarchy in Persia, which most closely resembled the hierarchy of the Catholic Church.
10. J. Duncan M. Derrett, History of Indian Law (Dharmaśāstra) (Leiden, The Netherlands: E.J. Brill, 1973).
11. Noah Feldman, The Fall and Rise of the Islamic State (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2008), 111-117
12. Shaul Bakhash, The Reign of the Ayatollahs: Iran and the Islamic Revolution (New York: Basic Books, 1984).
13. For an overview and critique of contemporary rule-of-law promotion efforts, see Thomas Carothers, Promoting the Rule of Law Abroad: In Search of Knowledge (Washington, D.C,: Carnegie Endowment, 2006).
14. Douglass C. North, Institutions, Institutional Change, and Economic Performance (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990), 51-52.