A comparison of ad hoc methods to account for non-cancer AIDS and deaths as competing risks when estimating the effect of HAART on incident cancer AIDS among HIV-infected men

Journal of Clinical Epidemiology

Volumn 63, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 459-467

  Shiels, Meredith S ^a   Cole, Stephen R ^b   Chmiel, Joan S ^c   Margolick, Joseph ^a   Martinson, Jeremy ^d   Zhang, Zuo Feng ^e   Jacobson, Lisa P ^a  

^a JOHNS HOPKINS BLOOMBERG SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^b IL   (United States)

^c NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH GRADUATE SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

AIDS; Cancer; Competing risks; Epidemiology; Highly active antiretroviral therapy; HIV

Indexed keywords

ANTIRETROVIRUS AGENT;

ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; ADULT; AGE DISTRIBUTION; ARTICLE; CANCER INCIDENCE; CLINICAL TRIAL; COHORT ANALYSIS; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE COURSE; DISEASE DURATION; DRUG EFFICACY; HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; KAPOSI SARCOMA; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MONOTHERAPY; MONTE CARLO METHOD; MORTALITY; MULTICENTER STUDY; NEOPLASM; NONHODGKIN LYMPHOMA; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RACE DIFFERENCE; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; SEROPREVALENCE;

ADULT; AIDS-RELATED OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS; ANTI-HIV AGENTS; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY, HIGHLY ACTIVE; BIAS (EPIDEMIOLOGY); CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM NEOPLASMS; CONFIDENCE INTERVALS; HIV-1; HUMANS; LYMPHOMA, AIDS-RELATED; MALE; MONTE CARLO METHOD; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTORS; SARCOMA, KAPOSI;

EID: 77249084104     PISSN: 08954356     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2009.08.003     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Fine J., and Gray R. A proportional hazards model for the subdistribution of a competing risk. J Am Stat Assoc 94 (1999) 496-509
2. Larson M.G., and Dinse G.E. A mixture model for the regression analysis of competing risks data. Appl Stat 34 (1985) 201-211
3. Pencina M.J., D'Agostino R.B., Beiser A.S., Cobain M.R., and Vasan R.S. Estimating lifetime risk of developing high serum total cholesterol: adjustment for baseline prevalence and single-occasion measurements. Am J Epidemiol 165 (2007) 464-472
4. Robbins A.S., Yin D., and Parikh-Patel A. Differences in prognostic factors and survival among White men and Black men with prostate cancer, California, 1995-2004. Am J Epidemiol 166 (2007) 71-78
5. Vestergaard M., Pedersen C.B., Sidenius P., Olsen J., and Christensen J. The long-term risk of epilepsy after febrile seizures in susceptible subgroups. Am J Epidemiol 165 (2007) 911-918
6. Shiels M.S., Cole S.R., Wegner S., Armenian H., Chmiel J.S., Ganesan A., et al. Effect of HAART on incident cancer and noncancer AIDS events among male HIV seroconverters. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 48 (2008) 485-490
7. Detels R., Tarwater P., Phair J.P., Margolick J., Riddler S.A., and Munoz A. Effectiveness of potent antiretroviral therapies on the incidence of opportunistic infections before and after AIDS diagnosis. AIDS 15 (2001) 347-355
8. Babiker A., Darbyshire J., Pezzotti P., Porter K., Rezza G., Walker S.A., et al. Changes over calendar time in the risk of specific first AIDS-defining events following HIV seroconversion, adjusting for competing risks. Int J Epidemiol 31 (2002) 951-958
9. Kaslow R.A., Ostrow D.G., Detels R., Phair J.P., Polk B.F., and Rinaldo Jr. C.R. The Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study: rationale, organization, and selected characteristics of the participants. Am J Epidemiol 126 (1987) 310-318
10. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 1993 revised classification system for HIV infection and expanded surveillance case definition for AIDS among adolescents and adults. MMWR Recomm Rep 41 (1992) 1-19
11. Ahdieh-Grant L., Li R., Levine A.M., Massad L.S., Strickler H.D., Minkoff H., et al. Highly active antiretroviral therapy and cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions in human immunodeficiency virus-positive women. J Natl Cancer Inst 96 (2004) 1070-1076
12. Cain L.E., Cole S.R., Chmiel J.S., Margolick J.B., Rinaldo Jr. C.R., and Detels R. Effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy on multiple AIDS-defining illnesses among male HIV seroconverters. Am J Epidemiol 163 (2006) 310-315
13. Detels R., Munoz A., McFarlane G., Kingsley L.A., Margolick J.B., Giorgi J., et al. Effectiveness of potent antiretroviral therapy on time to AIDS and death in men with known HIV infection duration. JAMA 280 (1998) 1497-1503
14. Dorrucci M., Balducci M., Pezzotti P., Sinicco A., Alberici F., and Rezza G. Temporal changes in the rate of progression to death among Italians with known date of HIV seroconversion: estimates of the population effect of treatment. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 22 (1999) 65-70
15. Gange S.J., Barron Y., Greenblatt R.M., Anastos K., Minkoff H., Young M., et al. Effectiveness of highly active antiretroviral therapy among HIV-1 infected women. J Epidemiol Community Health 56 (2002) 153-159
16. Hoover D.R., Munoz A., He Y., Taylor J.M., Kingsley L., Chmiel J.S., et al. The effectiveness of interventions on incubation of AIDS as measured by secular increases within a population. Stat Med 13 (1994) 2127-2139
17. Mocroft A., Ledergerber B., Katlama C., Kirk O., Reiss P., d'Arminio Monforte A., et al. Decline in the AIDS and death rates in the EuroSIDA study: an observational study. Lancet 362 (2003) 22-29
18. Moore R.D., and Chaisson R.E. Natural history of HIV infection in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy. AIDS 13 (1999) 1933-1942
19. Palella Jr. F.J., Delaney K.M., Moorman A.C., Loveless M.O., Fuhrer J., Satten G.A., et al. Declining morbidity and mortality among patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. N Engl J Med 338 (1998) 853-860
20. Porter K., Babiker A., Bhaskaran K., Darbyshire J., Pezzotti P., Porter K., et al. Determinants of survival following HIV-1 seroconversion after the introduction of HAART. Lancet 362 (2003) 1267-1274
21. Schneider M.F., Gange S.J., Williams C.M., Anastos K., Greenblatt R.M., Kingsley L., et al. Patterns of the hazard of death after AIDS through the evolution of antiretroviral therapy: 1984-2004. AIDS 19 (2005) 2009-2018
22. Tarwater P.M., Mellors J., Gore M.E., Margolick J.B., Phair J., Detels R., et al. Methods to assess population effectiveness of therapies in human immunodeficiency virus incident and prevalent cohorts. Am J Epidemiol 154 (2001) 675-681
23. Tassie J.M., Grabar S., Lancar R., Deloumeaux J., Bentata M., and Costagliola D. Time to AIDS from 1992 to 1999 in HIV-1-infected subjects with known date of infection. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 30 (2002) 81-87
24. Cole S.R., Hernan M.A., Robins J.M., Anastos K., Chmiel J., Detels R., et al. Effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy on time to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome or death using marginal structural models. Am J Epidemiol 158 (2003) 687-694
25. Greenland S. An introduction to instrumental variables for epidemiologists. Int J Epidemiol 29 (2000) 1102
26. Cain L.E., Cole S.R., Greenland S., Brown T.T., Chmiel J.S., Kingsley L., et al. Effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy on incident AIDS using calendar period as an instrumental variable. Am J Epidemiol 169 (2009) 1124-1132
27. Harrell F.E. Regression modeling strategies (2001), Springer-Verlag New York, Inc, New York City, NY
28. Rubin D.B. Multiple imputation for nonresponse in surveys (1987), J. Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, NJ
29. Hall H.I., Song R., Rhodes P., Prejean J., An Q., Lee L.M., et al. Estimation of HIV incidence in the United States. JAMA 300 (2008) 520-529
30. Cox D.R. Regression models and life tables. J R Statist Soc 34 (1972) 187-220
31. Robins J.M., Hernan M.A., and Brumback B. Marginal structural models and causal inference in epidemiology. Epidemiology 11 (2000) 550-560
32. Cole S.R., and Hernan M.A. Adjusted survival curves with inverse probability weights. Comput Methods Programs Biomed 75 (2004) 45-49
33. Lunn M., and McNeil D. Applying Cox regression to competing risks. Biometrics 51 (1995) 524-532
34. Dignam J.J., and Kocherginsky M.N. Choice and interpretation of statistical tests used when competing risks are present. J Clin Oncol 26 (2008) 4027-4034
35. Glynn R.J., and Rosner B. Comparison of risk factors for the competing risks of coronary heart disease, stroke, and venous thromboembolism. Am J Epidemiol 162 (2005) 975-982
36. Allison P. Survival analysis using SAS: a practical guide (1995), SAS Press, Cary, NC
37. Kleinbaum D.G., and Klein M. Survival analysis: a self-learning text. 2nd edition (2005), Springer Verlag New York, LLC, New York City, NY
38. del Amo J., Perez-Hoyos S., Moreno A., Quintana M., Ruiz I., Cisneros J.M., et al. Trends in AIDS and mortality in HIV-infected subjects with hemophilia from 1985 to 2003: the competing risks for death between AIDS and liver disease. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 41 (2006) 624-631
39. Smit C., Geskus R., Walker S., Sabin C., Coutinho R., Porter K., et al. Effective therapy has altered the spectrum of cause-specific mortality following HIV seroconversion. AIDS 20 (2006) 741-749
40. Pintilie M. Competing risks: a practical perspective (2006), John Wiley & Sons Ltd., West Sussex, England
41. Maldonado G., and Greenland S. The importance of critically interpreting simulation studies. Epidemiology 8 (1997) 453-456
42. Cain L.E., and Cole S.R. Survival analysis for recurrent event data: an application to childhood infectious diseases. Stat Med 25 (2006) 1431-1433
43. Putter H., Fiocco M., and Geskus R.B. Tutorial in biostatistics: competing risks and multi-state models. Stat Med 26 (2007) 2389-2430
44. Tsiatis A. A nonidentifiability aspect of the problem of competing risks. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 72 (1975) 20-22
45. Matsuyama Y., and Yamaguchi T. Estimation of the marginal survival time in the presence of dependent competing risks using inverse probability of censoring weighted (IPCW) methods. Pharm Stat 7 (2008) 202-214
46. Robins J.M., and Finkelstein D.M. Correcting for noncompliance and dependent censoring in an AIDS clinical trial with inverse probability of censoring weighted (IPCW) log-rank tests. Biometrics 56 (2000) 779-788
47. Ghani A.C., Donnelly C.A., Cox D.R., Griffin J.T., Fraser C., Lam T.H., et al. Methods for estimating the case fatality ratio for a novel, emerging infectious disease. Am J Epidemiol 162 (2005) 479-486