On the time to tracer equilibrium in the global ocean

Ocean Science

Volumn 5, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 13-28

  Primeau, F ^a   Deleersnijder, E ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b Catholic University of Louvain   (Belgium)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AIR-SEA INTERACTION; BOUNDARY CONDITION; DATA INTERPRETATION; DEEP SEA; EIGENVALUE; MARINE TECHNOLOGY; OCEANIC CIRCULATION; THREE-DIMENSIONAL MODELING; TRACER;

EID: 77049102623     PISSN: 18120784     EISSN: 18120792     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5194/os-5-13-2009     Document Type: Article

References (23)

1. Broecker, W. S. and Peng, T.-H.: Tracers in the sea, Lamont- Doherty Geological Observatory, Palisades, NY., 690 pp., 1982.
2. Campin, J.-M., Fichefet, T., and Duplessy, J.-C.: Problems with using radiocarbon to infer ocean ventilation rates for past and present climates, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 165, 17-24, 1999.
3. Cox, M. D.: An Idealized Model of the World Ocean. Part I: The Global-Scale Water Masses., J. Phys. Oceanogr. 19, 1730-1752, 1989.
4. Delhez, E. J. M., Campin, J.-M., Hirst, A. C., and Deleersnijder, E.: Toward a general theory of the age in ocean modelling, Ocean Model., 1, 17-27, 1999.
5. Deleersnijder, E., Campin, J.-M., and Delhez, E. J. M.: The concept of age in marine modelling - I, Theory and preliminary model results, J. Marine Systems, 28, 223-267, 2001.
6. Deleersnijder, E., Mouchet, A., Delhez, E. J. M., and Beckers, J.- M.: Transient behaviour of water ages in theWorld Ocean, Math. Comput. Model., 36, 121-127, 2002.
7. England, M.: Representing the Global-Scale Water Masses in Ocean General Circulation Models, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 23, 1523-1552, 1993.
8. Haine, T. W. N. On tracer boundary conditions for geophysical reservoirs: How to find the boundary concentration from a mized condition, J. Geophys. Res., 111, C05003 doi:10.1029/2005JC003215, 2006. (Pubitemid 44027611)
9. Haine, T. W. N. and Hall, T. M.: A generalized transport theory: water-mass composition and age, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 32, 1932- 1946, 2002.
10. Hirsch, M. W. and Smale, S.: Differential Equations, Dynamical systems, and Linear Algebra, Academic Press, 358 pp., 1974.
11. Holzer, M. and Hall, T. M.: Transit-time and tracer-age distributions in geophysical flows, J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 3539-3558, 2000.
12. Holzer, M. and Primeau, F. W.: The Diffusive Ocean Conveyor, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L14618, doi:10.1029/2006GL026232, 2006. (Pubitemid 44945879)
13. Holzer, M. and Primeau, F. W.: The path-density distribution of oceanic surface-to-surface transport, J. Geophys. Res., 113, C01018, doi:10.1029/2006JC003976, 2008.
14. Krakauer, N. Y., Randerson, J. T., Primeau, F. W., Gruber, N., and Menemenlis, D.: Carbon isotope evidence for the latitudinal distribution and wind speed dependence of the air-sea gas transfer velocity, Tellus, 58B, 390-417, 2006.
15. Kwon, E. Y. and Primeau, F.: Sensitivity and Optimization Study of a Biogeochemistry Ocean Model using an Implicit Solver and In-Situ Phosphate Data, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 20, GB4009, doi:10.1029/2005GB002631, 2006. (Pubitemid 350284679)
16. Kwon E. Y. and Primeau, F.: Optimization and sensitivity of a global biogeochemistry ocean model using combined in-situ DIC, alkalinity and phosphate data, J. Geophys. Res., 113, C08011, doi:10.1029/2007JC004520, 2008.
17. Lehoucq, R. B. and Sorensen, D. C.: Deflation Techniques for an Implicitly Re-started Arnoldi Iteration, Siam J. Matrix Anal. A., 17, 789-821, 1996.
18. Liss, P. S. and Merlivat, L.: Air-sea gas exchange rates: introduction and synthesis, in: The Role of Air-sea Exagange in Geochemical Cycling, edited by: Buat-Ménard, P. and Reidel, D., Dordrecht, 113-129, 1986.
19. NCAR Oceanography Section: The NCAR CSM Ocean Model, NCAR Tech. Note NCAR/TN-423+STR, 70 pp., 1996.
20. Primeau, F.: Characterizing transport between the surface mixed layer and the ocean interior with a forward and adjoint global ocean transport model, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 35(4), 545-564, doi:10.1175/JPO2699.1, 2005. (Pubitemid 40687173)
21. Primeau, F. and Holzer, M.: The Ocean's Memory of the Atmosphere: Residence-Time and Ventilation-Rate Distributions of Water Masses, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 36, 1439-1456, 2006.
22. Skinner, L. C. and Shackleton, N. J.: An Atlantic lead over Pacific deep-water change across Termination I: implications for the application of the marine isotope stage stratigraphy, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 24, 571-580, 2005.
23. Wunsch, C. and Heimbach, P.: How long to oceanic tracer and proxy equilibrium?, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 27, 637-651, 2008.